鄂尔多斯盆地马五_5白云岩储层特征及主控因素

在大量钻井岩芯观察、测井分析、薄片、扫描电镜鉴定、物性分析的基础上,研究了鄂尔多斯盆地马五_5亚段白云岩储层特征及主控因素。认为马五5亚段储集岩类型以泥粉晶白云岩和粉晶白云岩为主;储集空间类型主要为晶间(溶)孔和溶蚀孔洞;属于低孔低渗储层。发育云坪、灰质洼地、云质洼地、云灰-灰云洼地微相,微相控制白云岩的分布,分布面积最广、白云岩厚度最大、物性最好的是靖边西云坪白云岩带。白云化作用决定优质储层的形成,准同生期白云化作用形成少量白云石晶间微孔、准同生期后白云化作用形成白云石晶间孔、埋藏期白云化作用形成白云石晶间孔和溶蚀孔;白云化亚相决定有效储层的分布,边缘—过渡亚相是最有利的白云化亚相;表生岩溶和埋藏溶蚀作用提供大部分储集空间,但渗流粉砂、方解石、石英等充填作用破坏储集空间。     

苏里格气田东区马五段储层特征及控制因素

下奥陶统马家沟组马五_(1-5)段是苏里格气田东区主要产层段,其勘探潜力巨大。基于岩心观察、铸体薄片及分析化验等资料,对马五段进行储层特征及控制因素分析。研究表明,苏里格东区在马五_5期为局限台地相带的潮坪亚相沉积。马五_(1-4)为含膏云坪亚相,马五5为颗粒滩相;发育含膏细-粉晶白云岩和中-粗晶白云岩。苏里格气田东区马五_(1-5)段储集空间包括孔隙和裂缝2大类,其中孔隙主要为溶蚀孔、膏模孔、晶间孔、晶间溶孔和裂缝包括溶蚀缝、微裂缝和构造缝等。储层发育和分布主要受控于:沉积环境决定了多类型储层发育;马五_(1-4)层段准同生白云石化和渗透回流白云石化及马五_5段埋藏白云石化作用是碳酸盐岩储层发育的决定条件,白云石化作用改善了储集性能;苏里格气田马五_(1-5)层段碳酸盐岩储层经历了不同阶段溶蚀作用(同生、表生、埋藏)而形成有利的溶孔、溶缝储层,提高了储层储集性能。     

鄂尔多斯盆地天环北段奥陶系白云岩储层特征及分布规律

岩心及薄片观察显示,鄂尔多斯盆地天环北段奥陶系桌子山组和克里摩里组广泛发育白云岩储层,储层岩性主要为晶粒白云岩和颗粒白云岩,且属于埋藏白云岩化成因,储层储集空间类型主要包括晶间孔、晶间溶孔以及非组构选择性溶蚀孔洞和溶缝。成岩-孔隙演化分析表明,研究区白云岩储层主要由埋藏云化作用、表生岩溶作用和埋藏岩溶作用形成,且优质储层分布受岩相、白云岩厚度、岩溶古地貌及断裂等控制。克里摩里组白云岩储层主要分布于克里摩里组剥蚀线与铁克苏庙—马家滩一线地区,桌子山组白云岩储层主要发育在中央古隆起至乌拉力克组剥蚀线之间地区。研究区生储盖层配置关系良好,具备形成大型天然气藏的有利条件,局部构造如断层遮挡和褶皱是寻找有利勘探目标的重要方向。     

古城地区鹰山组储层特征及成岩孔隙演化

针对古城地区鹰山组孔隙在成岩历史中演化的问题,基于岩芯描述、薄片鉴定、阴极发光、测井资料以及地球化学数据分析,对目的层岩石学特征、成岩作用和储层特征几个方面进行了研究。结果表明,古城地区鹰山组储层岩石类型以石灰岩与白云岩为主,其中,白云岩多分布于鹰山组下部,且细晶自形-半自形白云岩和中-粗晶它形白云岩表现出相对较好的孔渗性,储集空间以晶间孔隙、晶间溶孔及裂缝为主,形成的主要储层类性为裂缝型、孔隙型和裂缝-孔洞型。研究区成岩作用对储层储集性能影响较大,其中,早期胶结作用、压实压溶作用、硅化作用以及热液矿物的充填对原生孔隙起破坏作用,浅埋藏白云石化作用、破裂作用、热液溶蚀作用为建设性成岩作用。由于过渡白云石化作用的影响,白云岩晶间孔隙发育程度较低,热液溶蚀作用对优质储层的形成起关键性作用。     

苏里格气田东区马五5储层白云岩成因机理分析

鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田东区马家沟组马五5储层白云岩的成因争议较大,通过对该区马五5白云岩沉积背景、地球化学特征和岩石学特征详细研究后,认为该区马五5段白云岩是以潮间潮下带沉积为主的沉积产物,主要发育准同生白云岩和埋藏白云岩两种类型,白云石化流体是高盐度海水与粒间孔隙内海水二者并存的海源流体,形成了准同生白云岩和埋藏白云岩两种成因模式。准同生白云岩以泥微晶白云岩为主,有少部分粉晶白云岩,具有水平纹层、膏模孔和鸟眼构造,常与石膏晶体共生,晶粒以自形为主,有序度较差,微量元素Sr和Na含量高,表明其沉积环境为水体较浅、高盐度及气候干燥的强蒸发环境,属于准同生白云岩成因;埋藏白云岩为粉细晶及中晶白云岩,晶粒总体较大,晶形以半自形为主,晶间孔较发育,有序度较高,与黄铁矿共生,呈团块状或不均匀状分布,微量元素Fe和Mn含量较高,δ¹⁸O_PDB值偏负,反映出埋藏还原条件下形成的产物,属于埋藏白云岩成因。     

四川盆地北部飞仙关组白云岩化分析

四川盆地北部飞仙关组白云岩发育,主要分布在台缘鲕滩和局限-蒸发台地环境,其岩性为鲕粒白云岩、具残余鲕粒结构粗粉晶-细晶白云岩、泥微晶白云岩和藻纹层白云岩、粗粉晶-细晶白云岩。通过应用同位素、包裹体、微量元素、阴极发光等先进测试方法对飞仙关组白云岩成因机理进行研究,泥微晶白云岩和藻纹层白云岩是与蒸发泵有关的准同生白云岩化产物;鲕粒白云岩和具残余结构鲕粒白云岩是混合水白云岩化产物,晚期叠加了埋藏白云岩化作用;粗粉晶-细晶白云岩为多期白云岩化作用形成,早期是回流渗透白云岩化为主,晚期叠加了埋藏白云岩化作用;同时分析得出各类白云岩形成途径。     

鄂尔多斯盆地靖边北部奥陶系马五4-1段成岩作用特征

应用沉积学理论,通过岩心观察、室内薄片研究及扫描电镜、阴极发光等测试分析,对鄂尔多斯盆地靖边气田北部地区奥陶系马家沟组马五4-1段碳酸盐岩的成岩作用进行了较详细的研究,认为该区对储层发育有利的建设性成岩作用类型有白云石化作用、溶蚀作用、去膏化作用;破坏性作用有重结晶作用、压实压溶作用、去白云石化作用.喀斯特作用形成最重要的孔隙网络系统,经埋藏期溶蚀作用改造构成良好储层.根据成岩作用特征以及区域构造演化,总结出成岩演化序次,并将本区分成3个成岩相4个成岩亚相.油气勘探有利区为去膏化泥微晶白云岩相区,去膏化-去白云石化含灰(灰质)白云岩相区次之,微晶白云岩相区和喀斯特微粉晶白云岩亚相区则不利于孔隙发育.     

四川盆地中部嘉二段储层特征及成因

通过钻井、录井、测井及岩心等大量资料的综合分析,系统识别出鲕粒灰岩储层、砂屑云岩储层和粉晶云岩储层是四川盆地中部地区下三叠统嘉陵江组嘉第二段主要的碳酸盐岩储层。鲕粒灰岩储层以孤立的粒内溶孔和铸模孔为主要储集空间,孔隙间喉道欠发育,以微喉为主,中孔微喉的配置关系导致储层多表现为中孔低渗、渗透率偏低的特征;砂屑云岩储层以残余粒间孔和粒间溶孔为主要储集空间,孔隙间喉道发育,以缩颈喉道为主,较好的孔喉配置关系使储层多表现为中孔中渗、储渗能力较好的特征;粉晶云岩储层以晶间孔和晶间溶孔为主要储集空间,孔隙间喉道以片状喉道为主,孔喉配置关系较好,储层多表现为中孔中渗的特征。储层成因分析结果表明,沉积微相是储层形成的沉积基础,分别形成于鲕滩微相、砂屑滩微相和云坪微相中的鲕粒灰岩、砂屑云岩和粉晶云岩为储层的形成提供了早期物质基础;台地内次一级微地貌高地为储层形成提供了有益的微地貌条件;同生期大气淡水淋溶、原生粒间孔保存和白云岩化作用分别是鲕粒灰岩储层、砂屑云岩储层和粉晶云岩储层形成的关键。     

歧口凹陷沙一下亚段白云岩储集空间特征研究

 歧口凹陷沙一下亚段白云岩分布广泛,白云岩可以发育物性良好的储层。根据钻井岩心、地球化学特征、扫描电镜、电子探针及物性资料,确定了该套地层白云岩储层的主要岩石类型及储集空间类型：岩石类型可分为微晶白云岩、泥晶白云岩、砂质云岩、灰质云岩和云质灰岩;储集空间有晶间孔、粒间孔、溶蚀孔、构造缝、溶蚀缝等,主要以次生孔隙和裂缝为主。微晶白云岩储集物性较好,主要为晶间孔、粒间孔及裂缝,为较好的储层。分析了目的层白云岩储层的主要成岩作用及期次,主要有胶结作用、压实、压溶作用、白云岩化作用、溶蚀作用等。明确了改善及破坏白云岩储集性能的成岩作用类型,其中对储集性产生积极影响的有溶蚀作用、白云岩化作用,消极影响的有压实、压溶作用、胶结作用。建立了歧口凹陷沙一下亚段白云岩化作用影响储层物性模式,稀土元素Eu异常特征揭示了本区白云岩化作用的两种成因环境：准同生期的回流渗透白云岩化作用和成岩期的埋藏白云岩化作用,通常准同生期的回流渗透白云岩经过深部热液流体的改造,发生埋藏白云岩化作用,多见于裂缝发育区,后者较前者对白云岩储层的改善作用更为明显。     

城口—鄂西海槽周缘长兴组储层特征及主控因素分析*

城口—鄂西海槽周缘长兴组发育了海相碳盐岩生物礁相沉积,但钻井少,总体勘探程度较低。针对奉节地区长兴组地层,以露头、岩心、薄片的详细观察为基础,结合扫描电镜、物性测试等分析手段,对研究区储层发育特征及主控因素进行分析。研究区长兴组储层岩性以礁白云岩、颗粒白云岩和晶粒白云岩为主;储集空间类型主要以晶间孔、晶间溶孔、超大溶孔以及各种裂缝所组成的以次生孔隙为主的裂缝-孔隙型储层;总体物性较差,属低孔特低渗型储层。该区储层发育受多方面的影响,主要是岩性、沉积相带、相对海平面变化以及成岩作用对储层发育起到主要作用;其中,礁滩相为研究区储层的有利相带,相对海平面下降有利于礁滩储层的发育;同生期大气淡水溶蚀作用为储层形成的首要机制,埋藏期溶蚀作用和白云石化作用对储层的改善起到了重要作用。在储层特征及主控因素分析的基础上,对研究区有利储集区带进行了预测。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to