管道复杂流场气固两相流DPM仿真优化

针对Fluent中气固两相流离散相模型(DPM)仿真,为提高通用模型对管道节流复杂流场问题仿真时的准确性,在结合气相流场分析与固相颗粒受力分析的基础上,提出DPM优化的4项措施,即从气相速度入口模型、颗粒曳力模型、颗粒壁面碰撞模型、颗粒所受各个力的合理取舍4个方面进行优化.通用模型的优化通过调用Fluent相关宏并编制用户自定义函数(UDF)程序实现.实验已验证优化DPM的准确性明显优于通用DPM,具体体现在:两相流型转换时气相速度区间的模拟,颗粒沉降气相临界速度的模拟方面,这2项指标优化后比优化前分别提高55%和50%;在实验管道局部阻力损失与节流孔板前颗粒速度分布的模拟仿真方面,优化DPM显然具有更准确的优势.通过实流实验与仿真模拟的对比,证明优化是有效的.从研究过程可以得出,模型优化的方法对于其他类似的复杂流场工况具有通用性和工程实用价值.     

淹没磨料射流场模拟计算分析

通过对高压磨料射流的多相流模型的研究,数值模拟了淹没磨料射流流场与压力场.指出颗粒相速度分布始终小于水相速度的分布,颗粒相最大滞止压力普遍较水相增加100%以上.分析了淹没磨料射流流场与压力场随泵压、围压的变化规律.指出随着泵压增加,水相速度与颗粒相速度增加幅度相同;随围压的增加,水相速度与颗粒相速度减少幅度一致.     

同轴射流中颗粒流振荡弥散的LES-DPM模拟

采用大涡模拟(LES)和离散颗粒法(DPM)耦合对颗粒流在同轴射流中的振荡弥散模式进行了模拟.在考虑孔隙率和颗粒间碰撞作用的情况下,在Fluent中通过自定义函数对该模型进行了模拟.数值计算结果表明,LES-DPM能较好地再现颗粒流在同轴射流中振荡弥散的模式,且模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好,获得了振荡弥散时的流场结构,加深了对振荡弥散的了解.     

径向直叶片风机三相除尘数值模拟

文章利用Fluent流体仿真软件在欧拉坐标系中采用Realizableκ-ε湍流模型描述径向直叶片风机的气相湍流流动,在拉格朗日坐标系中采用离散相模型(discrete phase model,DPM)描述径向直叶片风机的粉尘与液滴的运动,同时考虑气、液、固三相之间的耦合关系,基于Euler/DPM/DPM模型对风机内部流场进行数值模拟。计算结果表明,风机的气相流场较为复杂,具有强旋流特点;液滴相在风机叶轮的强烈扰动作用力下充满整个风机;大中粒径的固体颗粒基本被风机叶片上水膜捕捉,而小粒径的颗粒一部分被风机叶片捕捉或被甩到风机蜗壳壁面而被其上的水膜捕集,另一部分则会从风机出口逃逸。通过将数值计算结果与实验值进行对比,验证了三相流模型用于模拟风机内部三相流动的可行性与准确性,该模型可用于进一步研究运行参数对风机除尘效率的影响及风机的结构优化设计。     

气固两相圆湍射流流动的大涡模拟

针对气固圆湍射流流动采用基于双向耦合的大涡模拟方法进行了模拟,研究了直径为105μm的颗粒的存在对圆湍射流的影响。单相流动的预报结果在射流形态以及时均速度和湍流强度等统计结果方面均与实验结果符合良好。两相流动的时均速度和湍流强度等统计结果与实验结果符合较好,与单相流动的模拟结果相比,105μm的颗粒加入流场后,由于其较快的响应特征起到了阻尼作用,从而降低了气相场的湍流强度。     

旋风除尘器的气固两相流的数值模拟与分析

采用Reynold应力方程湍流模型(RSM)模拟了旋风除尘器内的流场,并得到流场内Reynold应力具有各向异性的特征.采用离散相模型(DPM),模拟了固体颗粒运动轨迹,并对固体颗粒的分离效率进行了分析.     

工业炉旋风预燃器煤粉颗粒运动轨迹Q

在预燃器冷态模型流场内,考虑气流曳引力、重力和Magnus旋转升力,建立颗粒的运动微分方程,并考察颗粒与壁面相互碰撞过程.采用龙格库塔法进行数值求解,得到了不同粒径的颗粒在4种流场工况中的运动和停留时间.经计算,还可得出以下结论.(1)颗粒的运动轨迹主要受气相流场分布、颗粒粒径和颗粒初始速度等因素的影响.(2)颗粒粒径较小时,可以忽略升力和重力的影响.但大颗粒与壁面碰撞后,必须连同考虑颗粒旋转及Magnus升力的作用.(3)选择合适的入口一二次风量比(Q2／Q1)和颗粒的初始速度,可延长颗粒在预燃器内的停留时间,能分离大于30μm的颗粒.该结果能为粉煤旋风预燃器的优化设计提供理论依据.     

旋风分离器数值计算及性能实验分析

借助计算流体力学软件Fluent,采用三维贴体坐标网格,基于非稳态雷诺应力湍流模型,对旋风分离器内部流场进行数值计算.研究不同粒径固相颗粒的运动轨迹,揭示颗粒在分离器中的运动机理,得到旋风分离器内部气流切向速度、轴向速度及切面旋转矢量速度的分布规律,并与实验测试值进行比对.结果表明:在相同条件下,数值计算与实验测试结果非常接近,能很好地预测切向速度的"驼峰"结构及轴向速度分布的上行流和下行流;随着颗粒粒径的增加,分离器外壁呈螺旋流分布,内部流夹带随粒径的增加而逐渐减小.     

湿式除尘风机三相除尘运行参数研究

针对湿式除尘风机内部气液固三相流场的特点,在FLUENT中采用欧拉法描述气相湍流流动,采用拉格朗日法描述粉尘与液滴的运动,同时考虑气、液、固三相之间的耦合关系,运用Euler/DPM/DPM模型对其内部流场进行数值模拟。将数值计算结果与实验结果进行比较,验证该数值模型用于模拟风机三相流场的可行性与准确性,为进一步优化湿式除尘风机提供依据,并在此基础上研究湿式风机的除尘效率与粉尘粒度、风机转速及液气比等参数的相互关系。研究结果表明:粉尘粒度越大、风机转速越高、液气比越大,除尘效率越高;当粉尘粒度由15μm减少到1μm时,除尘效率从99%降至65%;当风机转速由1 500 r/min增加到1 700 r/min时,粒度为3~10μm的颗粒除尘效率可提高3%~5%;提高增大液气比(0.1~0.4 L/m~3)可明显提高小粒度粉尘颗粒(1~10μm)的除去效率。     

工业炉旋风预燃器煤粉颗粒运动轨迹

在预燃器冷态模型流场内，考虑气流曳引力、重力和Magnus旋转升力，建立颗粒的运动微分方程，并考察颗粒与壁面相互碰撞过程，采用龙格库塔法进行数值求解，得到不同粒径的颗粒在4种流场工部中的运动和停留时间，经计算，还可得出以下结论。⑴颗粒的运动轨迹主要受气相流场分布、颗粒粒径和颗粒初始速度等因素的影响。⑵颗粒粒径较小时，可以忽略上升力和重力的影响，但大颗粒与壁面碰撞后，必须连同考虑颗粒旋转及Magnus升力的作用。⑶选择合适的入口-二次风量比（Q2/Q1）和颗粒的初始速度，可延长颗粒在预燃器内的停留时间，能分离大于30μm的颗粒，该结果能为粉煤旋风预燃器的优化设计提供理论依据。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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