SDS2000:一个定性定量结合的战略决策综合集成研讨与模拟环境

高层次的作战模拟所采用的方法完全不同于传统的方法,不同领域专家参与新局面策研讨是模拟过程中十分重要的环节。国外发展的讨论式对抗模拟方法和国内提出的从定性到定量的综合集成研讨厅方法,为实现高层次的计算机作战模拟提供了理论上的指导。本文通过国防大学研制的SDS2000系统,对讨论式对抗模拟和综合集成研讨厅的总体设计和实现技术进行了讨论,介绍了SDS2000的总体设计思想、系统的总体结构和主要工作方式。     

Multi-granularity evolution analysis of software using complex network theory

Software systems are a typical kind of man-made complex systems. Understanding their evolutions can lead to better software engineering practices. In this paper, the authors use complex network theory as a tool to analyze the evolution of object-oriented (OO) software from a multigranularity perspective. First, a multi-granularity software networks model is proposed to represent the topological structures of a multi-version software system from three levels of granularity. Then, some parameters widely used in complex network theory are applied to characterize the software networks. By tracing the parameters’ values in consecutive software systems, we have a better understanding about software evolution. A case study is conducted on an open source OO project, Azureus, as an example to illustrate our approach, and some underlying evolution characteristics are uncovered. These results provide a different dimension to our understanding of software evolutions and also are very useful for the design and development of OO software systems.     

DESIGN METHODOLOGY OF NETWORKED SOFTWARE EVOLUTION GROWTH BASED ON SOFTWARE PATTERNS

Recently,some new characteristics of complex networks attract the attentions of scientistsin different fields,and lead to many kinds of emerging research directions.So far,most of the researchwork has been limited in discovery of complex network characteristics by structure analysis in large-scalesoftware systems.This paper presents the theoretical basis,design method,algorithms and experiment results ofthe research.It firstly emphasizes the significance of design method of evolution growth for networktopology of Object Oriented(OO)software systems,and argues that.the selection and modulationof network models with various topology characteristics will bring un-ignorable effect on the processof design and implementation of OO software systems.Then we analyze the similar discipline of“negation of negation and compromise”between the evolution of network models with different topologycharacteristics and the development of software modelling methods.According to the analysis of thegrowth features of software patterns,we propose an object-oriented software network evolution growthmethod and its algorithms in succession.In addition,we also propose the parameter systems for OOsoftware system metrics based on complex network theory.Based on these parameter systems,it cananalyze the features of various nodes,links and local-world,modulate the network topology and guidethe software metrics.All these can be helpful to the detailed design,implementation and performanceanalysis.Finally.we focus on the application of the evolution algorithms and demonstrate it by a casestudy.Comparing the results from our early experiments with methodologies in empirical software engi-neering,we believe that the proposed software engineering design method is a computational softwareengineering approach based on complex network theory.We argue that this method should be greatlybeneficial for the design,implementation,modulation and metrics of functionality,structure and per-formance in large-scale OO software complex system.     

Designing a Capability-Focused Strategic Management Model for a Turkish Public Hospital: Learning from Failure

This study aims to depict a failed strategic change initiative in a Turkish public hospital by means of an action research and it strives to explain critical factors underpinning the failure, thereby proposing how such factors should be tackled with for similar initiatives elsewhere. The study calls attention to the recent challenges ongoing in the environment of hospitals, which urge them to take on a more strategic focus. In this vein, we discredit accreditation based systems, which emphasize monitoring resources and propose a capability-focused strategic management model for hospitals. A hybrid action research protocol, which combines both traditional and participatory action research methodologies in its design, is employed to formulate and implement the model in a public hospital. The phases of the project and obstacles faced during these phases are discussed. The findings suggest that although the model offers significant potential for competitive success and better resource efficiency, path-dependent characteristics of the public sector governance in Turkey have impeded the adoption of the model in our case. Both macro-systemic characteristics related mainly to the Turkish national culture and management of public institutions and situation-specific characteristics, such as top management’s decision making orientation, professional norms and patronage relationships have blocked the way for the aspired transformation despite positive attitudes of and support from higher order public authorities and internal professional groups.     

基于构件技术的三维分子动力学仿真软件的开发

根据分子动力学仿真应用开发环境的要求,提出了基于构件来设计分子动力学仿真软件的思想。然后,在VC 6.0编译环境下,使用CGLEnableView类构件开发了分子动力学仿真软件。此仿真软件严格遵守COM规范,可以作为构件为其它软件调用。此外,该仿真软件具有仿真过程中的实时三维显示功能,可实现旋转、缩放和平移等基本交互操作。并且还集成了数据输入、输出、图像存储和结果分析等功能。最后使用该软件对单晶铜的AFM针尖刻划实验进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,该基于构件的仿真软件可以稳定而可靠地解决分子动力学仿真方面的问题。     

五轴电动转台控制系统设计

五轴转台在寻的制导武器半实物仿真系统中具有突出的优点。介绍了某型五轴电动转台控制系统的设计方案,并详细给出了转台控制系统的软件及相关硬件的设计。本套数字式集散控制系统特点在于采用自主研发的基于ARM的多功能运动控制器,能够满足仿真、控制的硬实时性要求,而且在使用上具有很好的灵活性,便于实现一些复杂的控制算法。     

不确定与损毁情景下可靠性设施选址鲁棒优化模型与算法研究

设施选址是长期战略性决策问题,选址决策面临各种不确定因素,设计一个可靠的选址网络具有重要的战略意义.本文同时考虑需求的不确定性及设施可能损毁的情景,扩展无容量限制的固定费用可靠性选址模型,建立不确定与损毁情景下服务能力有限的可靠性设施选址鲁棒优化模型.基于Bertsimas和Sim鲁棒优化方法提出一个新的混合整数规划模型,通过引入辅助变量和对偶变换实现非线性鲁棒优化模型转化为鲁棒对应模型,提出蝙蝠算法(BA)对模型予以求解,并通过算例仿真验证模型和算法的可行性,为设施选址决策提供模型和方法设计.     

模糊定性建模与仿真集成实现

定性推理是使用定性模型 ,推理演绎物理系统以获取有用信息的技术 ,在系统诊断、功能行为仿真、产品设计与分析等领域得以广泛应用 .其面对的主要挑战是定性模型构造比较困难 ,仿真效率不高 ,得到有效解的仿真过程代价较大 .本文就此进行了研究 :利用模型片断库和面向对象的方法实现图形化建模环境 ,使得建模过程直观且易操作 ;采用模型定性仿真技术 ,拓展了传统定性仿真算法 ,提高了仿真效率 .文章最后给出软件实现和实例验证 .     

多变量自校正控制计算机辅助设计软件系统

本文介绍了一个可帮助用户进行多变量自校正控制系统设计,而使用户不必了解算法细节的计算机辅助设计(CAD)软件系统;它既包括一些经典的自校正控制算法,又引入了一些近年来新研究的成果。使用情况表明,该系统算法先进,使用方便,控制效果较好,是一个实用的软件工具。     

复杂工程系统设计方案评价方法综述

工程背景为航天器舱的布局优化设计问題,为此我们研究了多种具有实用性的布局优化算法,并依据这些算法得出了多种不同的布局设计方案。航天器舱是一个复杂的工程系统,在概念设计阶段,能否对这些布局设计方案做出客观评价将最终决定整个系统设计质量的优劣乃至其成敗,因此系统方案评价工作十分重要。基于此,对国內外目前常用的系统方案评价方法的理论及其特点进行了研究,归纳为如下几类:层次分析法、模糊评价法、灰色理论法、物元分析法、聚类分析法、价值工程法、神经网络法以及综合评价法等,并简要介绍了各种评价法在工程领域中的应用情况,并就目前尚有待深入研究的问题进行了探讨。     

Strategic Assessment Model and Its Application:a Case Study

1 IntroductionAn organization'S strategy determines the degree of fitness between the externalenvironment and its internal structure and processes. Such a match is best achieved byusing a formal decision--making processL'j. Strategic management is the process of a1igningthe internal capabi1ities of an organization with demands from its environment to achievean effective allocation of corporate resources. Effective strategic management requireseffective strategy formulation, evaluation of stra…     

基于UML的软件开发支持环境

UML(Unified Mbdeling Language)已经成为面向对象建模语言事实上的工业标准.介绍了基于UML的软件开发支持环境UML-Designer和环境所支持的软件开发过程.体系结构设计是环境成功的关键,重点讨论了建立在VEPL产品线上的VEA重用体系结构、考虑产品特点搭建的系统交互体系结构,以及体系结构关键问题的通用解决方案.     

Using Critical Social Heuristics and Project-Based Learning to Enhance Data Warehousing Education

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how project-based learning can be used from a critical systems perspective in data warehousing education. Data warehousing is a discipline in information technology focusing on providing data-driven decision support systems for strategic decision making. In this study we used action research from a critical (emancipative) perspective to reflect on our current instructional design of the data warehousing module before redesigning it to better serve the needs of the involved and affected. We used critical systems heuristics and project-based learning as frameworks of understanding to guide our intervention. Project-based learning is a learning/teaching approach aimed at organising the learning experience in terms of a project. We used written interpretive interviews in the diagnosis and evaluation of success phases of our action research cycle. Our reflection is according to the action research model of Checkland reflecting on our success in the area of application (data warehousing instruction) as well as our methodology (action research from a critical social theory perspective) and our framework of ideas (project-based learning and critical social heuristics).     

Facilitation of Collaborative Management: Reflections From Practice

Collaborative management of natural resources requires that multiple stakeholders come together to negotiate agreements. Who is a stakeholder, what is the boundary and the definition of an issue, and who has legitimacy to convene are interrelated, systemic questions. To address this challenge, this paper provides a conceptual framework with nine Contextual Dimensions. A workshop on collaborative and conflict management of the fishery in Chile, designed and facilitated by the authors, serves as a case study where multiple stakeholders came together to vision desirable futures and explored organizational linkages that could accommodate the different agendas. The workshop is analyzed through a conceptual framework and some conclusions are drawn on the value of experiential learning and on the importance of the iterative consultations that must precede such collaborative management events.Member of the International Support Group (www.isglink.org), a community of practice dedicated to facilitating collaborative learning for natural resource management.     

不确定条件下应急管理人力供应链多功能资源配置鲁棒优化问题

在紧急甚至灾难状态下,应急管理物资及人力需求都是爆发性的,为了满足应急状况的不确定需求,实现应急人力的合理管理和配置,借鉴成熟的供应链理论,强化应急管理人力供应链的协调配置能力有很大的理论及现实意义.本文简述了人力供应链的发展,重点讨论应急状态下连续性的人力服务需求.需求到来及其长度都是不确定的,多能力的专业人员应当被合理配置以优化服务.在本文中,我们提出了一个不确定条件下的网络优化模型,强调了多能力专业人员的资源分配.随机规划模型及鲁棒优化技术将被运用来处理不确定需求及网络优化,我们也将讨论其他特殊情况如服务取消,服务延长,提前结束等,我们的模型将有较为普遍的适应性.     

C源程序裁剪工具TTCS

本文介绍了计算机辅助C源程序裁剪工具的设计实现。借助于该工具提供的手段用户可完成对任C语言编制的软件系统中函数的裁剪或CADCSC系统中各子系统的命令或子命令的裁剪。该工具还提供了一些与软件裁剪有关的辅助工具,如函数调用关系图的显示及打印输出等功能。 CADCSC即中国控制系统计算机辅助设计软件系统     

适于IP设计的定点DSP软件开发系统

描述了一种本实验室开发的适合于IP(IntellectualProperty)设计的DSP(DigitalSignalProcess)处理器核WDSP(以主要开发者姓Wu命名Wu′sDSP)的软件开发系统。这一开发系统将使根据不同DSP应用产生不同DSP处理器核成为可能。此外，WDSP还将作为一个核心部件应用于本实验室正在开发的称为FDP(FPGAforDataPath)的FPGA(FieldProgrammableGateArrays)系统中，以适应当前普遍采用的IP和SoC(SystemonChip)设计方法。     

嵌入期权的激励相容型软件外包付款合同设计

扩展了文献[1]的经典模型, 建立起激励相容框架下软件外包付款合同设计的正式模型. 特别之处在于嵌入了一个"中期检查"的触发期权, 在模型中采用示性函数的方法简洁表示. 通过基准模型与嵌入触发期权的模型结果的比较, 证明了嵌入触发期权对外包的风险控制、促进承接商(vendor)提高努力程度均占有优势. 还发现嵌入期权对客户(client)与承接商的双重约束功能, 主要通过改变超支分担系数来约束客户行为. 利用中国对日本的软件外包承接商的调查研究数据, 证实了嵌入触发期权主要通 过促进承接商超支控制效率的提高而实现外包风险有效控制,也证实了双重约束功能及其他主要理论结果.     

发展低碳城市的系统工程思考

探讨低碳城市的发展现状,讨论低碳城市建设中的若干关键思路及其解决途径,主张用系统工程观点和方法全方位、全要素地应用于低碳城市的战略目标和框架设计,以保证未来我国低碳经济向着健康平稳较快的情境发展.     

SCHEDULING IN THE SERVICE INDUSTRIES:AN OVERVIEW

Scheduling plays an important role in many different service industries.In this paper we provide an overview of some of the more important scheduling problems that appear in the various service industries.We focus on the formulations of such problems as well as on the techniques used for solving those problems.We consider five areas of scheduling in service industries,namely(i) project scheduling,(ii) workforce scheduling,(iii) timetabling,reservations,and appointments,(iv)transportation scheduling,and(v) scheduling in entertainment.The first two areas are fairly general and have applications in many different service industries.The third,fourth and fifth areas are more related to some very specific service industries,namely the hospitality and health care industries,the transportation industries(of passengers as well as of cargo),and the entertainment industries.In our conclusion section we discuss the similarities and the differences between the problem formulations and solution techniques used in the various different industries and we also discuss the design of the decision support systems that have been developed for scheduling in the service industries.