Improved spectrum sharing algorithm based on feedback control information in cognitive radio networks

In order to avoid the system performance deterioration caused by the wireless fading channel and imperfect channel estimation in cognitive radio networks, the spectrum sharing problem with the consideration of feedback control information from the primary user is analyzed. An improved spectrum sharing algorithm based on the combination of the feedback control information and the optimization algorithm is proposed. The relaxation method is used to achieve the approximate spectrum sharing model, and the spectrum sharing strategy that satisfies the individual outage probability constraints can be obtained iteratively with the observed outage probability. Simulation results show that the proposed spectrum sharing algorithm can achieve the spectrum sharing strategy that satisfies the outage probability constraints and reduce the average outage probability without causing maximum transmission rate reduction of the secondary user.     

Efficiency Analysis of Park-and-Ride Facility Using Game Theory Based on User Behavior

This paper presents a game model to estimate the efficiency of park-and-ride facilities using game theory. By analyzing the composition and behavior of different user groups who are likely to use park-and-ride facilities, it illustrates their mode choice inclination. The equilibrium is determined by parking charge, journey times, users＇ behavior and users＇ relationship. Economy benefit is also analyzed at last. A numerical example is given to show that the true ＂vin-win＂ is not just determined by user and society, but also related to user groups＇ mutual effect.     

基于特征值的频谱感知算法仿真研究

频谱感知是认知无线网络中的一个重要功能,是实现其他功能的基础。研究了新型的基于特征值的感知算法,充分利用随机矩阵的渐近谱分布特性和特征值的收敛特性来设置判决门限,提高感知性能。理论分析和仿真结果均表明,新型算法性能明显优于典型的能量检测算法,克服了能量检测算法的噪声不确定性问题。

Abstract：

Spectrum Sensing is an important function in the cognitive radio networks.A new eigenvalue-based detection scheme for spectrum sensing was studied,and decision thresholds were set to have good performance by using the property of asymptotic spectrum distribution and convergence of maximum eigenvalue of random matrices.Theoretical analysis and simulations results show that the new detection scheme can obviously outperform the classical energy detection,and overcome the noise uncertainty problem.     

多阶段分散化投资组合效率估计

The existing multi-period portfolio diversification performance evaluation models are mainly divided into two categories. The first category is to build a performance evaluation model based on the return rate of portfolio at each period. The other category is to evaluate portfolio performance by using efficient frontier. However, the former ignores the dynamic relationship among the time periods, while the latter has limitations when there exists friction in financial market. To address this problem, the actual investment of the input-output process was clarified and defined, and the definition of multi-period portfolio efficiency were given based on the distance between portfolio under evaluation and its projection point on the efficient frontier. Under the multi-period mean-variance theoretical framework, the middle connection condition in the multi-period portfolio evaluation problem was derived by using the wealth dynamic process, so as to build a two-period portfolio efficiency estimation model under different orientation. Since the above-mentioned middle connection condition is random, it not workable in actual evaluation. Therefore, in this paper, the first moment and second moment of the above random conditions were used to replace the original one, and another kind of two-period portfolio efficiency estimation model was built. The numerical analyses show that this proposed model is effective.     

The bound of price of anarchy for multi-class and multi-criteria traffic equilibrium problem

In this paper,we use the variational method to study the efficiency loss of user equilibrium for the multi-class,multi-criterion traffic equilibrium with general tolls and a discrete set of value of time.By introducing three important parameters k₁k₂,k₃,we derive several bounds of price of anarchy for this problem when tolls are considered and not considered as part of the system cost,with the cost-based criterion.     

Research on robust fault-tolerant control for networked control system with packet dropout

A kind of networked control system with network-induced delay and packet dropout, modeled on asynchronous dynamical systems was tested, and the integrity design of the networked control system with sensors failures and actuators failures was analyzed using hybrid systems technique based on the robust fault-tolerant control theory. The parametric expression of controller is given based on the feasible solution of linear matrix inequality. The simulation results are provided on the basis of detailed theoretical analysis, which further demonstrate the validity of the proposed schema.     

Energy efficient resource allocation in non-cooperative multi-cell OFDMA systems

A non-cooperative game is proposed to perform the sub-carrier assignment and power allocation for the multi-cell orthogonal frequency division multiple access(OFDMA) system.The objective is to raise the spectral efficiency of the system and prolong the life time of user nodes.This paper defines a game player as a cell formed by the unique base station and the served users.The utility function considered here measures the user’s achieved utility per power.Each individual cell’s goal is to maximize the total utility of its users.To search the Nash equilibrium(NE) of the game,an iterative and distributed algorithm is presented.Since the NE is inefficient,the pricing of user’s transmission power is introduced to improve the NE in the Pareto sense.Simulation results show the proposed game outperforms the water-filling algorithm in terms of fairness and energy efficiency.Moreover,through employing a liner pricing function,the energy efficiency could be further improved.     

DS-CDMA system outer loop power control and improvement for multi-service

When a new user accesses the CDMA system, the load will change drastically, and therefore, the advanced outer loop power control （OLPC） technology has to be adopted to enrich the target signal interference ratio （Silt） and improve the system performance. The existing problems about DS-CDMA outer loop power control for multi-service are introduced and the power control theoretical model is analyzed. System simulation is adopted on how to obtain the theoretical performance and parameter optimization of the power control algorithm. The OLPC algorithm is improved and the performance comparisons between the old algorithm and the improved algorithm are given. The results show good performance of the improved OLPC algorithm and prove the validity of the improved method for multi-service.     

Membrane-inspired quantum shuffled frog leaping algorithm for spectrum allocation

To solve discrete optimization difficulty of the spectrum allocation problem,a membrane-inspired quantum shuffled frog leaping(MQSFL) algorithm is proposed.The proposed MQSFL algorithm applies the theory of membrane computing and quantum computing to the shuffled frog leaping algorithm,which is an effective discrete optimization algorithm.Then the proposed MQSFL algorithm is used to solve the spectrum allocation problem of cognitive radio systems.By hybridizing the quantum frog colony optimization and membrane computing,the quantum state and observation state of the quantum frogs can be well evolved within the membrane structure.The novel spectrum allocation algorithm can search the global optimal solution within a reasonable computation time.Simulation results for three utility functions of a cognitive radio system are provided to show that the MQSFL spectrum allocation method is superior to some previous spectrum allocation algorithms based on intelligence computing.     

基于多粒度模型的导弹MDO方法研究

根据MDO环境的建模/仿真需求,针对某导弹多学科设计优化问题,分析了多粒度模型建模/仿真的必要性,以气动学科为例探讨了导弹MDO环境中多粒度模型的建模/仿真方法,研究了有限元分析软件FLUENT及其前处理软件GAMBIT的集成方法,并利用响应面分析、工程估算、数值计算三种方法对某导弹的气动学科进行多粒度的建模与解算,将输出的主要气动参数与风洞试验数据进行了比较与分析。研究结果表明多粒度模型的建模/仿真对提高导弹MDO效率具有重要意义。

Abstract：

According to the requirement of modeling and simulation in MDO environment, with consideration of missile’s Multidisciplinary Design Optimization problem, the necessity of modeling and simulation on multi-granularity model was analyzed. Taking pneumatic domain as an example, method of modeling and simulation on multi-granularity in missile’s MDO environment was discussed. The integration methods of finite element software FLUENT and its pre-processing software GAMBIT were studied. Through abundant experiments, data results of computing multi-granularity model were given using three methods, namely Response Surface Analysis, engineering prediction method and numerical computation method. Finally, comparison of the data got from above and from wind tunnel test was analyzed. The study results show that modeling and simulation on multi-granularity model are significant to improve MDO efficiency.     

一种空时二维联合频谱感知区域划分方案

认知无线电空时二维联合频谱感知技术可以有效利用认知无线电网络的二维频谱资源,该文提出一种空时异构认知网络区域划分方案的设计方法。新的设计方法依据IEEE 802.22标准和应用需求,建立了一种鲁棒性空时二维感知模型,并明确定义了认知无线电网络构架的主用户分布边界、保护边界和感知边界;基于认知用户对主用户通信中断概率的条件约束,严格推导出了3种边界条件的数学闭式解。采用新的设计方案,在保证主用户通信功率和认知用户最大允许通信功率的条件下,能够灵活确定主用户分区和认知用户的Overlay及Underlay接入模式。理论分析和仿真结果表明,新的区域划分方案在保证主用户良好通信质量的前提下,能够实现认知用户在空间维度更有效的分配和接入可用频谱资源。     

基于FFT谱能量检测和互相关检测的快速频谱感知方法及其性能分析

为了解决无人机通信中频谱资源紧张的问题，利用认知无线电技术实现无人机动态共享地面通信的频谱资源。针对单用户频谱感知的遮挡效应问题, 利用单用户移动检测, 提出基于主用户空间范围内的频谱能量检测和互相关检测结合的二次检测方法, 分析并给出所提算法在主用户随机出现情况下的虚警概率和检测概率的解析表示。仿真结果表明, 所提算法在运算量较低情况下获得比已有单用户检测算法更好的检测性能。     

交通网络效率损失上界的估计方法

2006年黄海军教授等深入分析了固定需求的交通网络中用户均衡和系统最优之间的关系;得到用户均衡效率损失上界计算公式.用一种新方法引入一个与均衡流量相关的参数,扩大了已有用户均衡效率损失上界计算公式的适用范围,给出了新的用户均衡效率损失上界.算例结果表明,新的上界比2006年的交通网络中用户均衡行为的效率损失上界的最小值还小.     

能量有效的NOMA多用户-多信道匹配算法

针对非理想信道状态信息(channel state information, CSI)下面向海量用户的无线资源高效分配难题,通过引入非正交多址(non-orthogonal multiple access, NOMA)技术提出了一种能量有效的多用户-多信道匹配方案。首先,考虑用户中断概率约束,建立以最大化系统能量效率为目标的非理想CSI蜂窝下行NOMA系统信道和功率联合分配优化问题;然后,将建立的含概率约束的优化问题转化为非概率约束优化问题,并从中解耦出用户-信道匹配优化问题;最后,将面向能量效率的NOMA用户-信道匹配优化问题映射为婚姻匹配问题,进而提出一种高效低复杂度的双边匹配算法实现了多用户-多信道的动态匹配。仿真结果表明,提出的匹配算法性能优于传统匹配算法,能够提供更高的系统能效、实现更低的用户中断概率且收敛速度更快。     

能量有效的NOMA多用户-多信道匹配算法

针对非理想信道状态信息(channel state information, CSI)下面向海量用户的无线资源高效分配难题,通过引入非正交多址(non-orthogonal multiple access, NOMA)技术提出了一种能量有效的多用户-多信道匹配方案。首先,考虑用户中断概率约束,建立以最大化系统能量效率为目标的非理想CSI蜂窝下行NOMA系统信道和功率联合分配优化问题;然后,将建立的含概率约束的优化问题转化为非概率约束优化问题,并从中解耦出用户-信道匹配优化问题;最后,将面向能量效率的NOMA用户-信道匹配优化问题映射为婚姻匹配问题,进而提出一种高效低复杂度的双边匹配算法实现了多用户-多信道的动态匹配。仿真结果表明,提出的匹配算法性能优于传统匹配算法,能够提供更高的系统能效、实现更低的用户中断概率且收敛速度更快。     

基于平均有效容量的认知无线电功率控制算法

针对传统认知无线网络功率控制策略难以在信号强度较弱时实现有效功率分配的问题,以认知用户所能获得的平均信道有效容量最大化为优化目标,提出了一种新的认知无线网络的功率控制与优化算法,建立了信道容量及其状态转移模型,设计了支持时延QoS约束的平均信道有效容量目标函数,并采用Lagrangian定理详细推导了最优解的近似表达式,最后对影响平均信道有效容量的因素进行了仿真分析。结果表明,认知用户的平均信道有效容量和相同信噪比条件下认知用户发送能效比得到了明显提高。     

基于符号映射的物理层网络编码

从信号角度出发对物理层网络编码（physical layer network coding, PLNC）展开研究,联系实际通信中用户选择调制方式以及用户发送功率分配的差异性,重点对中继节点叠加信号的符号映射方面进行了分析讨论。通过符号映射后的星座映射图分析了中继节点的误符号率（symbol error rate, SER）,并结合星型协作网络以瑞利信道为信道模型对中断性能进行了分析比较。理论分析与仿真结果表明不同的调制方式以及用户功率分配对中继误符号率有一定影响,同时基于符号映射分析的物理层网络编码的中断性能优于其他几种传输方式。     

不均等双向解码转发机会中继通信性能分析

双向中继通信在保证传统单向协同通信空间分集收益的同时提高了频谱利用率。在双向不等速率要求场景下,针对结合解码转发网络编码的双向机会中继通信系统模型,给出了系统通信的近似中断概率闭式表达,并且提出了已知信道瞬时信息条件下的功率优化分配方法。仿真结果分析验证了解码转发双向机会中继通信的中断概率性能,表明在功率优化分配后和中等信噪比条件下,解码转发双向机会中继通信比模拟网络编码方式有2~3 dB的收益。     

基于分布式博弈论的频谱分配算法

在认知无线电多用户共享频谱中,认知用户之间不进行共同协作,他们总是保持理性,最大化自身的效用函数。不管其他用户使用什么策略,而多个参与者之间互相决策的关系刚好可以通过博弈论分析。针对这样的频谱共享问题,提出了分布式的博弈论频谱分配算法。仿真结果表明,认知用户之间进行博弈达到合理的功率分配,使自身的传输速率最大     

基于信道统计量信息的中继OFDMA系统资源分配

研究了正交频分多址（OFDMA）两跳中继网络的资源分配问题。假设系统只有用户的信道统计量信息,基于用户的速率和中断容量要求,提出了自适应的中继选择、功率和子载波分配的优化问题;在保证每个用户最小速率需求情况下,使系统的总发射功率最小。应用对偶优化方法,导出了资源分配的最优解。此外,为了降低资源分配算法的复杂性,分别研究了基于信道统计量的贪婪算法和半分布式算法。仿真结果表明,提出的算法和无中继系统比较有很大的性能改进。