基于径向基函数的超声体数据重建仿真研究

三维超声成像技术因其重要的临床应用价值日益成为相关领域的研究热点,而三维体数据重建是其中的关键技术环节之一.一般而言,径向基函数(RBF)插值与其它插值方法相比有更高的精确度.将RBF插值应用到三维超声成像系统的体数据重建中,且通过预处理以及选取合适的径向基函数等措施,降低了方法的运算复杂度,提高了处理效率.仿真实验结果表明,该方法不仅能够获得较好的重建效果,并且减少了重建时间,使得RBF插值法在三维超声成像系统体数据重建中的应用变得更具工程实用性.     

基于对应点的三维医学图像相关性插值

现有的插值方法在进行医学断层图像插值时，要么不能兼顾灰度和形状的变化，要么计算量太大。为解决这一问题，文中提出一种基于对应点的三维医学图像相关性插值算法。通过对两幅断层图像进行门限分割，获得体素的分割值。在相同密度物质的区域内，采用体素的相关性来进行插值，不同密度物质区域采用缩放区域大小作为插值数据，使新的图像不仅在灰度上，而且在组织形状上，介于原来的断层图像之间，满足了医学图像插值的要求。与线性插值相比，新算法的视觉效果好，计算误差小；与小波插值相比，新算法的计算量极大地减少。插值结果可有效地应用于构建三维体模型.     

质点-弹簧模型驱动的体数据模型快速变形模拟

探讨三维体数据模型的快速真实感变形模拟和绘制方法。该方法用离散的质点-弹簧模型具有物理真实感地模拟变形过程；利用FFD从离散质点的运动信息插值求得体数据空间任意点的变形；而将重采样和绘制过程融为一体的光线虚拟弯曲技术和光线提前终止技术则避免了将大量无用计算，使变形和绘制速度明显提高；根据局部变形的连续线性特性提出了光照修正算法，算法实现简单，算出的光照浓淡变化具有高的真实感。     

渔网的动态仿真及可视化研究

为提高渔船操作模拟器视景系统的可视化效果,提出并实现了一种基于物理模型的三次B样条插值曲线绘制渔网和手纲的方法;考虑到可视化系统的实时性,通过简化网具系统的几何模型,构造三次B样条插值曲面实现了基于物理模型的B样条插值曲面的渔网可视化;根据视点距渔网的远近分别调用B样条插值曲线和B样条插值曲面方法进行渔网建模,从而既提高了系统的实时性,又保证了绘制渔网的逼真度。     

一种滤波反投影算法的加速方式

提出了滤波反投影（filtered back projection, FBP）算法的基于被动式射线驱动和预插值的反投影策略。首先对滤波后的投影采用线性插值预插值到更加精细的间隔上,然后对每个角度下的滤波投影用被动式射线驱动法反投影,得到重建图像。反投影时为了减少求取投影地址时三角函数的运算,将三角函数值事先求得并存到查找表中,需要时调用。反投影时采用简单的最邻近插值法插值,以节省插值时间。仿真实验表明,这种方法可以有效提高反投影速度。     

两种简化标准Marching Cubes算法拓扑构形的方法

通过沿插值边移动等值点,提出了两种方法来简化标准MarchingCubes算法的拓扑构形。其一是将等值点移动到高于阈值的立方体顶点位置,其二是将等值点移动到低于阈值的立方体顶点位置。结果发现,这两种移动方式均可简化等值面的拓扑构形,明显减少重建三角片的数量,避免对等值点位置和法向量的插值计算,显著缩短重建时间。由于等值点的移动量不超过体素立方体的1个边长,这对于高分辨率图像数据集是可以忽略的。     

气象数据标量场的建模与可视化研究

气象标量场的可视化仍有着许多效率、交互性和准确性上的欠缺。针对这些问题,提出基于多层次体绘制技术的显示方法,对空间场数据进行处理,形成三维空间网格,通过标量值与颜色值、透明度之间的动态映射,实现气象标量数据的三维动态可视化效果。针对传统MC(Marching Cubes)算法存在的插值方法不适用于气象数据,连接方式具有二义性的问题,提出MC算法的改进方法,完善了MC算法在气象可视化领域的不足。实验证明,体绘制能够快速逼真地仿真出气象数据的动态变化效果,改进后的MC算法则能使结果更加精确。     

一种非真实感绘制的多智能体仿真方法

提出了一种非真实感绘制的多智能体方法。绘制过程分为三阶段:轮廓绘制、素描绘制和多层涂色,每阶段分别由一类智能体进行模拟绘制。绘制智能体定义为具有一定生命周期、类型标识、特征标志等属性以及一定行为特征的智能体,它们不断与绘制环境交互,由局部环境激励触发它们不同的绘制行为。通过自适应地调整行为,绘制智能体能够搜索到各自的特征像素并进行特征绘制,从而完成各自的绘制任务。实验表明,此方法能够较好地模拟画家创作过程。     

广义插值理论及其应用研究

如何减少在离散分析基础上的结构优化计算量？文中提出的广义插值理论与方法为解决这个问题创建了有效途径，且实例证明可靠。     

一种基于per-pixel光照的高质量体绘制算法

分析讨论了一种基于per-pixel光照的高质量纹理映射体绘制算法。可以精确地对任意的动态点光源进行光照计算,这主要归功于在光照计算中采用了归一化的梯度,以及在每个像素上计算光照强度。同时,还提出了一种新技术通过对梯度的实时计算来有效的减少在传统基于纹理映射的体绘制中巨大的内存消耗,使得大规模体数据的实时绘制成为可能。充分利用了目前PC图形硬件成熟的可编程特性,特别是fragmentprogram,可以快速的载入体数据,得到可交互的绘制。最后对医学体数据进行绘制,得到了较为理想的结果。     

The 12th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management ICSSSM'15

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Enterprise resource planning implementation decision & optimization models

To study the uncertain optimization problems on implementation schedule, time-cost trade-off and quality in enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementation, combined with program evaluation and review technique (PERT), some optimization models are proposed, which include the implementation schedule model, the timecost trade-off model, the quality model, and the implementation time-cost-quality synthetic optimization model. A PERT-embedded genetic algorithm (GA) based on stochastic simulation technique is introduced to the optimization models solution. Finally, an example is presented to show that the models and algorithm are reasonable and effective, which can offer a reliable quantitative decision method for ERP implementation.     

A calculus for services innovation

Innovation in the services area - especially in the electronic services （e-services） domain - can be systematically developed by first considering the strategic drivers and foci, then the tactical principles and enablers, and finally the operational decision attributes, all of which constitute a process or calculus of services innovation. More specifically, there are four customer drivers （i.e., collaboration, customization, integration and adaptation）, three business foci （i.e., creation-focused, solution-focused and competition-focused）, six business principles （i.e., reconstruct market boundaries, focus on the big picture not numbers, reach beyond existing demand, get strategic sequence right, overcome organizational hurdles and build execution into strategy）, eight technical enablers （i.e., software algorithms, automation, telecommunication, collaboration, standardization, customization, organization, and globalization）, and six attributes of decision informatics （i.e., decision-driven, information-based, real-time, continuously-adaptive, customer-centric and computationally-intensive）. It should be noted that the four customer drivers are all directed at empowering the individual - that is, at recognizing that the individual can, respectively, contribute in a collaborative situation, receive customized or personalized attention, access an integrated system or process, and obtain adaptive real-time or just-in-time input. The developed process or calculus serves to identify the potential white spaces or blue oceans for innovation. In addition to expanding on current innovations in services and related experiences, white spaces are identified for possible future innovations; they include those that can mitigate the unforeseen consequences or abuses of earlier innovations, safeguard our rights to privacy, protect us from the always-on, interconnected world, provide us with an authoritative search engine, and generate a GDP metric that can adequately measure the growing knowledge economy,     

论生物系统中的功能不守恒性

根据能量守恒定律，能量一次转换所做的总功应等于输入的总能量。但在生物系统中，能量的转换是多次的，其总功之和大于系统输入的总能量，此现象称之为功能不守恒性。能量转换效率越高，功能差别越大。能量通过细胞水平的多次转换，总功可提高至2倍左右。能量通过生态系统水平多次转换，总功可提高至1．4倍左右。通过系统内各子系统能流之和称为序能，反映了系统有序性大小，它取决于系统输入总能量和能量转换效率。根据序能原理，用GDP^2／9(GDP为国内生产总值，Q为能量总输入)反映人类社会功能和效率，要比单纯用GDP更客观。绿色GDP应同时考虑使GDP^2／Q增长最大和使自然生态系统的序能最大。人的经济行为和动物的行为对策也符合序能原理。     

Dealing with Human Relations in Chinese Systems Practice

This paper is about the Wuli, Shili, Renli (WSR) systems methodology. An important concept within this, Renli, has been developed from Confucian philosophy to clarify to Chinese researchers the necessity of dealing with human relations in systems practice. At present, the only formal means of operationalizing Renli that people are exploring in China is to import from the West methods for organizing debate. However, the concept of Renli suggests that more is needed than methods alone. In particular, facilitation skills are required. It is argued that the development of facilitation skills can be enhanced if researchers can gain both theoretical and practical knowledge of group dynamics, and engage in activities of self-reflection to look at, and alter, their own roles in these dynamics and the wider sociopolitical system. There are therefore three aspects to Renli: the use of systems methods for organizing debate, the acquisition of facilitation skills, and self-reflection geared toward the development of facilitation skills and enhanced critical awareness of the politics of intervention.     

云环境中邮件服务器面向传输的优化设计

随着云计算的发展,新的应用不断涌现,但电子邮件服务依然占有着重要的地位.邮件服务器是一种I/O密集的应用.在云计算时代,越来越多的用户邮件保存在服务器端,邮件在从客户端传输到服务器端之前,邮件或者邮件的部分内容在服务器端可能已经存在.基于这种现象,提出了一种方案,通过引入计算的代价来降低通信量,从而提高邮件服务器的处理能力.对电子邮件的格式和SMTP协议进行了扩充,引入了附件和正文分离传输的模式.在邮件传输时,客户端先计算附件的散列值,并作为正文的一部分传输到服务器端,服务器端再根据散列值来判断附件是否需要传输.     

金工工艺的优化设计

运用价值工程与运筹工程理论, 在金工工艺单项设计指标优化的基础上, 对其设计指标也进行了全面优化。     

THE 8~(th) INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON INDUSTRIAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS

正August 10-14,2015Beijing,China The International Congress on Industrial and Applied Mathematics(IClAM)is the premier international congress in the field ofapplied mathematics held every four years under the auspices ofthe International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.From August 10 to 14,2015,mathematicians,scientists and entrepreneurs fiom around the world will gather in Beijing,China for the 8th IClAM to be held at     

基于动力学仿真的多管火箭多因素分析

多管火箭武器的系统效能有多个指标,而每个指标又受到多个因素复合影响。按照武器系统效能分析的递阶层次,梳理了多管火箭性能分析的多因素问题。提出了基于虚拟样机动力学仿真过程多因素问题的数据挖掘方法及分析手段,弥补了传统方法对多因素问题决策分析的不足。并以多管火箭系统效能第四级指标起始扰动的三种影响因素为例进行了研究和验证。