Auditing as the Dissolution of Corruption

This paper develops a new discourse of control. The new discourse rejects the view that control is achieved through inspections and information alone, and supports the view that effective control means self-control and effective communications, both being necessary conditions to enable organizations to perform well. In this discourse, corruption is taken to be, among other things, the outcome of fragmentation in communications. Therefore, a movement toward a recursive organization of the State is offered as a way to countering corruption. This discourse was developed during a project for Institutional Change and Strengthening implemented at the Contraloría General de la República (CGR), in Colombia from 1995 to 1998. As part of the discourse we offer a distinction among traditional auditing practices, second-order auditing, and integrated systemic auditing practices.     

一种分布式制造系统控制结构的形式化建模方法

针对分布式制造系统的特点,利用形式化方法和多智能体理论研究了系统的控制结构,提出了一种基于优化自动机的改进型动态控制元结构模型。首先,结合多智能体理论,对于分布式制造系统中的各个节点用Agent进行建模;接着,对于Agent的内部结构,结合有限状态自动机理论和制造系统自身混杂特性,提出一种优化自动机。同时,考虑到建模过程中Agent层次的动态划分和重组,进而提出了改进型动态控制元结构模型。最后,以瓷砖生产线为例,借助MATLAB为实验工具设计了相应的仿真实验,验证了所提理论和建模方法的可行性和有效性。     

一类串级不确定非线性系统的最优滑模控制器设计

对一类串级不确定非线性系统提出了一种基于SDRE控制的最优滑模控制方法。该方法采用两环控制结构，外环控制器的设计采用基于依赖状态的Riccati方程最优控制，用以产生最优滑模面。内环控制器设计采用滑动模控制以减小控制系统对参数变化、模型误差、外部干扰的敏感。同时提出了两种求解依赖于状态的Riccati方程的方法，所设计的最优滑模控制器能使串级不确定系统具有鲁棒稳定性。最后通过一个仿真算例，验证了该控制方法的有效性。     

A monitoring system for the social development program in Colombia

This paper describes and analyzes “the Social Solidarity Network” (SSN), which is an agency of the Office of the President of the national government of Colombia. Its purpose is to promote self-development programs in the poorest communities in the country, as well as to improve their local public decision-making and other organizational mechanisms. The workings of the “monitoring system” used by the SSN, whose design has been inspired by Beer's ideas of monitoring and control, are introduced and discussed (Beer, 1979/1981a,b; Espejo and Harnden, 1989). The paper also offers a brief analysis of the structural mechanisms currently in use for communicating among local government agencies and the other departmental, regional, and national levels of government. This analysis indicates that the national authorities design and supervise the local planning and control mechanisms too closely and often ignore the existence and views of the intermediate recursions of government and the priorities of the local communities. The paper concludes with an assessment of the multi-university-based monitoring system used to follow up the activities and results of the SSN.     

Establishing formal state space models via quantization forquantum control systems

1.INTRODUCTION Quantumtheoryisoneofthemostimportantachieve mentsinthe20thcentury,anditdisclosesthestruc tures,characteristicsandmotionlawsofmatterinthe microcosmicfieldandleadsusfromthemacroscopical worldintomicrosystems.Aseriesofnewphenomena whicharedifferentfromclassicalsystemshavebeen discovered,suchasquantumentanglement,quantum coherenceanduncertainty.Meanwhile,quantum theoryandquantummethodsarealsowidelyusedin differentfieldssuchaschemicalreaction,geneticen gineering,atomicphysicsandi…     

船舶航向-主机综合智能控制的虚拟仿真

提出并实现一种基于虚拟现实技术的船舶航向与主动力装置综合智能控制的可视化交互式仿真系统。论文建立了状态空间型船舶平面运动数学模型,给出该仿真系统的结构,讨论了系统的主要功能。本仿真系统支持红外跟踪立体眼镜,立体头盔等虚拟现实视觉设备并具有立体机舱声音效果。论文给出部分具有沉浸感的三维船舶运动和主机控制的虚拟现实仿真场景。     

强化学习在基于多主体模型决策支持系统中的应用 ——以湖泊水环境决策支持系统为例

利用研究复杂系统和多主体(multi-agent)建模的相关知识与方法, 将湖泊水环境中的各种实体, 如政府、排污企业以及各种水生生物等抽象为具有一定智能的主体, 建立湖泊水环境智能决策支持系统. 并将强化学习方法应用到智能决策支持系统中, 实现湖泊水污染的智能预测与预警. 最后, 以太湖流域为应用背景, 进行了初步的仿真实验, 实验结果验证了该方法的有效性.     

Multicriteria Analysis of a Capacity Expansion Problem:Damaturu, Northeastern Nigeria as Case Study

1IntroductionThedecisionmakingprocessinWaterResourcesPlanningandMallagement(WRPM)isapublicplanningprocessandtheoptimumsolutionmustbeacceptedbydecisionmakerswhoinawayrepresentthegeneralPublic(Miloradov,M.etal.,1990).WRPMwithinaMulticriteriaAnalysis(MA)isacomplexanddynamoicprocessinwhichtwodecisionlevelsmaybedistinguished.Theupperleveldefinesthegoals,identifiesthecriteriaandchoosesthefinal"optimum"solution.Thesecondlevelistheengineeringlevelofatechnicalnature;itdefinesalternativesandpoin…     

控制系统建模、仿真、CAD和调试软件包

本文介绍单变量过程控制系统建模、仿真和调试CAD软件包。其主要功能有过程采样,模型辨识,辅助设计、系统仿真、实时控制实验和控制方案的性能评价等。它已在电气传动和回转窑等系统中得到应用,并通过部级鉴定。     

无人直升机发动机PID自适应控制系统

以某型无人直升机发动机为被控对象,设计了数字式发动机控制系统。介绍了该控制系统的结构、功能和软硬件实现,利用台架试车试验验证了发动机控制系统的可行性,采用PID自适应控制策略解决了试车试验中所发现的问题。利用PC104嵌入式计算机系统构建了发动机控制系统的半物理仿真平台,完成了半物理仿真试验。仿真结果表明发动机PID自适应控制器能够实现不同工况下的参数自动整定,满足无人直升机飞行控制要求。     

核电站反应堆中子注量率的预测控制仿真研究

利用核电站反应堆中子动力学系统的单位阶跃响应数据，获得了该系统的非参数模型，且提出了一种中子注量率恒值问题的预测控制方法。与基于精确模型的控制方法相比，此方法不必苛求模型的具体形式，且实时控制的计算是小，跟踪调节性能好，鲁棒性强，能消除不可测干扰。仿真结果验证了这种控制律的有效性和优越性。     

基于离散非线性PID控制的十字梁实验系统研究

十字梁实验系统作为一个高阶非缉I生控制系统，在工程上有很高的应用价值．文中给出了十字梁实验系统的数学模型，并设计了一个离散形式的非线性PID控制器，保证了系统的鲁棒性．仿真结果表明，该系统可以获得较好的动态性能。     

船舶电力推进系统仿真与试验平台

运用虚机实电思想,搭建了一套船舶电力推进系统仿真与试验平台。该平台能够完成以下两个功能:可以实时进行虚拟船舶驾驶和虚拟吊舱操纵的三维可视化仿真;可以进行吊舱螺旋桨的负载仿真试验。该平台不但可以作为调试船舶电气控制设备之用,还可以用来培训船舶驾驶员,具有良好的经济和社会效益。详细介绍了其软硬件结构和组成,并对系统的实时性问题提出了解决方案。通过试验验证了该平台确能实现上述功能。     

考虑多重不确定性的托管药房物流调度优化

为有效控制药房托管的药品物流运营成本,本文首先结合时空网络架构,将托管药房的药品物流调度过程描绘成一种多层时空网络,继而将研究问题构建为优化领域中的多重货物网络流问题.在此基础上,综合考虑药品物流调度过程中的需求不确定性、配送服务时间不确定性以及药品供应成本的可变性,建立基于药房托管模式的药品物流调度随机优化模型并设计具有挑选规则的混合遗传算法进行求解.参数测试表明,当挑选判断系数设为0.6时,求解算法可以收敛到比较理想的解;算例分析表明,本文所设计的随机优化模型在各决策回合的解与完全信息模型解之间的逼近程度不一,但总误差仅为0.56%;敏感性分析则发现药房最低安全库设置存在一个最优均衡点.     

Tensor Decomposition and High-Performance Computing for Solving High-Dimensional Stochastic Control System Numerically

The paper presents a numerical method for solving a class of high-dimensional stochastic control systems based on tensor decomposition and parallel computing. The HJB solution provides a globally optimal controller to the associated dynamical system. Variable substitution is used to simplify the nonlinear HJB equation. The curse of dimensionality is avoided by representing the HJB equation using separated representation. Alternating least squares (ALS) is used to reduced the separation rank. The experiment is conducted and the numerical solution is obtained. A high-performance algorithm is designed to reduce the separation rank in the parallel environment, solving the high-dimensional HJB equation with high efficiency.

     

分布式多自主机器人系统冲突及其消解策略的实例研究

对于具有全分布式特点的大规模多机器人群体特性的研究，由于其复杂性和交互动态特性，往往缺乏明确的数学工具和分析手段，本文针对典型的群体觅食任务，以计算机仿真为手段，通过对机器人间冲突的分析，直观地揭示这类系统的典型特征，在此基础上，提出了一种基于局部广播式通讯的消解冲突策略，给出了该策略的有机限状态机描述，并进行了与其他方法的对比仿真实验，实验结果表明了本文方法对提高群体性能的有效性。     

单级倒立摆三种控制方法的对比研究

倒立摆系统以其自身的不稳定性为系统的平衡提出了难题,也因此成为自动控制实验中验证控制算法优劣的极好的实验装置.通过分别分用极点配置法、优化控制策略的LQR及LQY方法对单级倒立摆系统进行了实际系统实时控制效果的实验对比,从理论和实验方法上讨论了这类典型非线性自不稳定系统的线性控制器的设计方法及其实际控制效果的特点,通过分析指出不同方法之间的优缺点,并通过实验得以证实,使人们从理论及实践的两个层次对不同的算法有更加深入和清晰的认识.     

发汗冷却控制研究注记

发汗冷却控制问题属于前沿课题。近来新方法新观点不断出现，问题不断深入，成果迅速扩大。本文从数值方法和仿真，数学理论，控制理论，实验研究等方面进行小结。并总结了基本方程和给出了附加方程，便于算子空间讨论。     

资源均衡问题的Hopfield 解决方法

为有限资源均衡问题提供一个神经网络解决方法.首先提出增广置位矩阵,描述了资源均衡的神经网络表示,使得神经元的输出和问题的解彼此对应起来;然后在时间和资源约束下利用多种技巧构造网络的能量函数,使其能量最小值对应于资源最均衡的状态;并且提出基于“权值状态发生器”的离散Hopfield与模拟退火算法(DHNN-SA)融合的镶嵌式混合结构,从本质上提高了网络的优化质量;最后设计了资源优化神经网络的模拟程序.     

A complexity architecture for information technologies: A three-year didactic experiment

One medium-term strategy for helping in the management of complexity is the introduction of a conceptual complexity component in the very centre of university curricula. In very few areas is the growth of complexity as evident as in the information technologies (ITs), the focus of the work presented in the current paper. We have therefore developed an integrated way of tackling the specific field of information technologies by means of an approach to complexity. The content of this paper describes the guidelines of our research effort, placing an emphasis on informatics. Concepts of complexity based on the system metaphor have been substantially drawn upon in this exercise and are thus presented in some detail. Also described is a didactic experiment conducted by the author and designed to provide a new and integrating approach to University curricula for future professionals. The students' discovery of complexity is the focal point of the experiment. The findings of this effort are encouraging and call for the continuation and expansion of this experiment.