无线传感器网络中的异步协作通信方案

为了改善多跳传感器网络的性能,提出了一种基于三种空间分集技术的异步协作传输模式.该模式是考虑非同步网络传输,多个传感器通过共享天线,形成虚拟多天线发送/多天线接收(MIMO)的协作通信,并利用空时编码、发射天线选择和信号空间分集三种空间分集技术,有效抵制传输信道的衰落,提高了系统的分集增益.通过蒙特卡罗仿真,结果表明,对比传统的单发单收传输模式和异步空时协作传输模式,该传输模式获得了更高的分集增益,提高了系统的性能,从而节省了网络的能量损耗.     

Differential modulation based on space-time block codes

A differential modulation scheme using space-time block codes is put forward. Compared with other schemes, our scheme has lower computational complexity and has a simpler decoder. In the case of three or four transmitter antennas, our scheme has a higher rate a higher coding gain and a lower bit error rate for a given rate. Then we made simulations for space-time block codes as well as group codes in the case of two, three, four and five transmit antennas. The simulations prove that using two transmit antennas, one receive antenna and code rate of 4 bits/s/Hz, the differential STBC method outperform the differential group codes method by 4 dB. Useing three, four and five transmit antennas, one receive antenna, and code rate of 3 bits/s/Hz are adopted, the differential STBC method outperform the differential group codes method by 5 dB, 6. 5 dB and 7 dB, respectively. In other words, the differential modulation scheme based on space-time block code is better than the corresponding differential modulation     

Optimal MMSE successive interference cancellation in group-wise STBC MIMO systems

1.INTRODUCTIONInformationtheoryshowsthat a multiple-input multi-ple-output(MI MO)communication systemcan effi-ciently increase system capacity in rich scatteringwireless channel environment without additional pow-er and frequency spectrumrequirement as traditionaltechniques need[1,2].Transmission schemes based onMI MO typically fall into two categories:data ratemaxi mization schemes and diversity maxi mumschemes.The representative of the first category isBell laboratories layered space…     

基于OFDM系统的空时频分组编码方案

提出了一种空时频分组编码方案,其设计思路是:接收端通过子信道的相关特性确定不相关子载波组,并反馈给发射端;发射端基于反馈信息,利用星座旋转预编码矩阵和空时分组编码技术构建空时频分组编码。该方案只反馈子信道的相关性而无需反馈整个信道信息,可应用于任意数量的发射/接收天线,能获得极高的分集增益和带宽效率,且只有较低的解码复杂度。在瑞利衰落环境下的仿真结果证实了此方案的鲁棒性。     

Improved scheme with cooperative diversity based on distributed space-time block coding

An improved scheme with cooperative diversity based on distributed space-time block coding (WCD-DSTBC) is proposed, which effectively achieves diversity gains and improves the performance of the system by sharing some single-antenna users' antennas to form a virtual antenna array and combining with distributed space-time block coding (DSTBC) mode. Then the relation between the system BER and the interuser BER for WCD-DSTBC scheme is theoretically derived and the closed-form expression of BER for WCD-DSTBC system is obtained. The simulation results show that the proposed WCD-DSTBC scheme achieves distinct gains over the non-cooperative multi-carrier CDMA (MC-CDMA) system. When system BER is le-3 and interuser BER is le-3, about 2.5 dB gain can be gotten. When interuser channel state information (CSI) outgoes the users' individual CSI, about 3 dB gain is also achieved.     

一种用于下行传输的特征波束发射分集方案

发射分集要求不同发射天线的信道衰落是相互独立的,而作为智能天线核心技术之一的特征波束形成则需要利用发射天线之间的相关性来实现,它可以将衰落相关信道转换为相互独立的衰落信道。将发射分集技术和特征波束形成技术相结合,研究了一种用于下行传输衰落相关信道的发射分集实现方案。利用空域协方差矩阵的特征矢量作为空时码矩阵的加权因子,即利用相互正交的特征波束来承载空时码。载有空时码的特征波束可以选择空间能量最集中的方向发射信息,从而提高了发射分集在衰落相关信道中的传输性能,降低了系统实现的复杂度。     

Efficient coding schemes with power allocation using space-time-frequency spreading

1 .INTRODUCTIONOver the last few years , space-ti me coding[1]hasreceived a lot of attention among communicationand information theory community , which in-tegrates the technique of antenna array spatial di-versity and channel coding,and can effectivelyi m-prove capacity gains and spectral efficiency . Mostwork on space-ti me coding has focused on the nar-row-band flat fading channels . However , non-flatfading channels such as frequency selective mul-tipath fading channels are the typical…     

基于Frobenius范数的正交空时多格形编码设计

基于Frobenius范数理论,提出了正交空时多格形编码(OST-MTCM)方法.新方法通过在编码网格图中的每个网格传输分支上引入正交码字矩阵,并采用Ungerboeck的星座图扩展和集分割思想,从而在获得满分集增益的同时,也获得优秀的编码增益.仿真结果表明,相对于原有的空时多格形编码方法,在相同的码速率和编码状态数的情况下,新方法可以获得大约1.5 dB左右的性能改善;并且,网格分支上传输码字矩阵正交性的确定极大简化了好码的搜寻过程,无需针对不同的信道衰落条件设计不同的编码方案.     

MIMO系统的发射天线选择及自适应链路实现

针对多输入多输出(MIMO)系统信道低秩引起信道容量下降的问题,提出了一种依据信道状态信息进行发射天线选择的算法,并给出了以此算法为基础的VBLAST自适应链路的实现方法。发射天线的选择依据权系数的范数大小进行,该方法可以有效降低天线选择的运算量。仿真结果表明,该方法的选择效果逼近最大容量法的选择效果。自适应链路实现方法将发射天线数的确定和天线选择并行进行,保证了在所处通信环境下达到最大的空间复用系数。     

基于四天线的并行空时分组编码方案

空时编码是一种结合信道编码和分集技术的新型的编码和信号处理方法,可以不需增加带宽而大幅度的提高无线通信系统的信道容量和传输速率,从而提供远高于传统单天线系统的频带利用率,空时分组码以其译码的简单性获得人们的广泛关注。为提高空时分组码的码元速率,在现有的空时分组编码方案的基础上,结合并行传输策略,提出了基于四天线的并行空时分组编码方案。与传统的空时分组编码方案相比,该方案能够在保证误码性能的同时提高码元速率,从而进一步提高了系统的性能。仿真结果验证了所提出的编码方案所具有的良好性能。     

适于高速无线通信系统的空时分组码组合QAM调制方案

空时分组码 (STBC)利用多输入 多输出 (MIMO)无线通信系统的本质特性 ,通过提供发射天线分集和接收端的信号处理 ,从本质上提高了无线通信系统的容量 ,并以其编译码算法简单的特点获得了广泛关注和应用。在介绍了空时码和多输入 多输出无线通信系统的系统模型后 ,以基本的两天线空时分组码C2 为例给出了其编码和解码算法 ,并基于此提出了适于高速无线通信系统的空时分组编码结合正交调制 (QAM)的通信方案。最后给出了该方案在 16 QAM调制条件下几种典型空时分组码的误符率和误码率的性能仿真结果。结果表明 ,该方案是一种适于高速无线通信系统的优选方案     

Performance and EXIT analysis of parallel concatenated space time trellis codes

Space time trellis coding (STTC) techniques have been proposed to achieve both diversity and coding gains in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) fading channels. But with more transmit antennas STTCs suffer from the design difficulty and complexity increasing. This paper proposes a scheme, named parallel concatenated space time trellis codes (PC-STTC), to achieve the tradeoff between the performances and complexity of STTCs for a large number of transmit antennas. Simulation results and complexity comparison are provided to demonstrate the performance and superiority of the proposed scheme over conventional schemes in fast fading channels in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regions. And an EXIT (extrinsic information transform) chart is given to analyze the iterative convergence of the proposed scheme. It shows that PC-STTC has better iterative convergence in low SNR regions.     

双联合收发空间调制方案设计与性能分析

针对当前社会对高速率以及高效率日益增长的需求,提出了一种双联合收发空间调制(double joint transceiver spatial modulation, DJSM)方案, 在传统联合收发空间调制(joint transceiver spatial modulation, JSM)的基础上加入双空间调制(double spatial modulation, DSM), 提高空间调制(spatial modulation, SM)系统的信息传输速率和可靠性。DJSM方案中, 发送端通过进行两次独立SM过程, 将输入信息的比特序列分别映射至两个调制符号以及各自对应的激活发送天线分组, 从而显著提高系统频谱效率。为区分两调制符号, 在发送前会对其进行角度旋转最优化处理。基于联合上界技术,本文给出了DJSM方案的平均比特错误概率(average bit error probability, ABEP)。仿真结果表明本文所提DJSM方案的ABEP性能明显优于传统JSM方案和正交联合收发空间调制方案。     

基于LDPC码与星座旋转准正交STBC的级联编译码方法

在4×4多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output, MIMO)系统中,为了同时达到全分集增益和全速率数据传输,进而达到降低系统误码率及提高系统可靠性的要求,提出将低密度奇偶校验(low density parity check, LDPC)码与基于星座旋转的准正交空时分组码级联的编码方案,并找出了在全数据传输速率的前提下能够获得满分集增益的最优旋转角度。仿真结果表明,该级联编码方案误码率低于传统的LDPC编码与空时分组码级联的编码方案,在误码率为10^-5的情况下,比LDPC码与正交空时分组码级联的编码方案有8 dB左右的增益。     

多天线系统中BLAST算法和STBC算法的结合

提出了一种BLAST与STBC结合的算法,本算法适用于所有接收天线大于等于发射天线数的天线阵列.对于STBC的发射矩阵,每次只传榆矩阵的一行,在接收端对已接收的每行数据都进行检测.如果解码成功,发射端则停止发送矩阵数据;如果失败,就继续发射下一行.这样在发送第一行时等效于发送BLAST,可以获得空间复用增益,而在传输完最后一行时是完整的STBC,可以获得空问分集增益,在中间状态则可以获得部分的分集增益和部分的复用增益.本算法结合了BLAST和STBC的优势,相对于BALST算法有更低的误码率,而相对于STBC算法则有更高的传输速率.分别对基于正交空时码和准正交空时码的推荐算法进行了仿真,仿真结果支持了理论分析的结果.     

多用户MIMO系统中结合天线选择的协同差分空时传输方案

针对多用户多入多出(MIMO)系统中存在部分信道估计困难的情况,提出了一种新的协同差分空时传输方案。在此方案中引入了一种简单的自适应放大转发中继协议,该协议在中继节点结合了接收选择合并和发送天线选择,仅需要部分信道状态信息(CSI)。得出了最大似然差分检测方法,分析了系统的成对码字差错概率(PEP)性能。仿真结果显示,在相同收发天线数、功率及频谱效率条件下,所提方案比点对点MIMO系统中的差分传输方案获得了更高的分集增益和更好的误比特率(BER)性能。且在高信噪比情况下,还优于采用相干检测的非协同Alamouti传输方案。     

Throughput-based mode switching for MIMO ARQ systems in presence of transmit correlation

The mode switching between spatial multiplexing(SM) and space-time block code(STBC) diversity is investigated for the multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) automatic repeat request (ARQ) system.Five important practical factors are considered in the proposed switching scheme:transmit correlation,ARQ technique, packet loss probability(PLP) constraint,discrete rate transmission (DRT) and channel coding.Under the spatially correlated channel,the distributions of the post signal-to-interference-plusnoise ratio(SINR) for the SM mode and the STBC mode are obtained by using Gamma approximations.Then this paper derives the closed-form expressions of the PLP and the throughput for different modes when the ARQ technique is employed,based on which the mode switching algorithm is proposed to improve the spectral efficency.In the simulation,the correction of the expressions is first verified.Then,the significant gain observed by the proposed algorithm is presented.Since the switching point is the key parameter to implement the mode switching,this paper also shows how the switching point is affected by the practical factors considered.     

基于二进制二次规划全局最优性条件的GSSK系统的检测算法

广义空间位移键控(generalized space shift keying, GSSK)技术作为大天线技术和绿色通信技术相融合的优选方案受到了业界的广泛兴趣,其特点是在每一时刻只激活几根天线发送已知信号,利用激活天线的序号来传递信息。基于最大似然(maximum likelihood, ML)准则的GSSK检测器,当天线数较多时,其计算量太大,给实际应用带来困难,为此人们热衷于研究简化的次优检测算法。给出了一种基于二进制二次规划全局最优性条件的GSSK系统的检测算法。该算法首先利用最优判决准则判断发送信息,然后根据已判断出的发送信息来确定发送天线的组合,进而得到发送的二进制比特流。仿真结果表明,所提出的新算法在性能上优于已有的正交匹配追踪(orthogonal matching pursuit, OMP)、凸超集松弛(convex superset relaxation, CSR)等次优检测算法,复杂度又低于ML算法,在性能和复杂度之间得到较好的折中。     

一种基于匹配滤波的空时分组码译码方法

空时分组码译码采用直接法构造判决统计量。两副发射天线、一副接收天线的空时分组码系统的判决统计量还有另外一种构造方法——匹配滤波法。将匹配滤波法进一步推广到多维空时分组码系统,给出了匹配滤波器的构造方法,并在SPW平台上对这种方法进行了仿真。分析和仿真结果表明:提出的增强匹配滤波法易于实现,适用于多维空时分组码系统,其误码性能与直接法相同。     

Power control scheme for multiple antenna systems with space-time coding in Rayleigh fading channels

Two optimal power control(PC) schemes under the power constraint for space-time coded multiple input multiple output systems over the flat Rayleigh fading channel with the imperfect channel state information(CSI) are presented.One is based on the minimization of a bit error rate(BER),and the other is based on the maximization of a fuzzy signal-to-noise ratio.In these schemes,different powers are allocated to individual transmit antennas rather than equal power in the conventional one.For the first scheme,the optimal PC procedure is developed.It is shown that the Lagrange multiplier for the constrained optimization in the power control does exist and is unique.A practical iterative algorithm based on Newton’s method for finding the Lagrange multiplier is proposed.In the second scheme,some existing schemes are included,and a suboptimal PC procedure is developed by means of the asymptotic performance analysis.With this suboptimal scheme,a simple PC calculation formula is provided,and thus the calculation of the PC will be straightforward.Moreover,the suboptimal scheme has the BER performance close to the optimal scheme.Simulation results show that the two PC schemes can provide BER lower than the equal PC and antenna selection scheme under the imperfect CSI.