法布里-珀罗标准具的调节

简要介绍了法布里－珀罗标准具及在标准状态的结果．讨论了在不平行状态时对结果的影响,并据此对标准具进行了实际调节并取得了较满意的结果．     

共焦法布里—珀罗干涉仪的共轭分析

分析了共焦法布里－珀罗干涉仪的反射光和特点,提出了一种激光超声的干涉仪共轭探测方法并给予实验验证,这种方法能将激光超声探测系统的探测灵敏度至少提高２倍。     

法布里-珀罗半导体激光器的波长连续可调光脉冲生成技术研究（英文）

文章论述了基于注入锁定增益开关调制法布里-珀罗半导体激光器(FP-LD)的波长连续可调脉冲生产技术.包括两方面的内容:1自激注入锁定FP-LD系统以获得波长连续可调脉冲输出,在48 nm波长范围获得37 dB以上的边模抑制比(SMSR),重复频率为2.5 GHz;2带有波长选择反馈环的外注入锁定FP-LD系统以获得波长连续可调脉冲输出.在20.4 nm的波长调节范围内获得31 dB以上的边模抑制比(SMSR).系统结构简单,可工作在任意重复频率上.     

High brightness electron beam from a multi-walled carbon nanotube

Carbon nanotubes can act as electron sources with very rigid structures, making them particularly interesting for use as point electron sources in high-resolution electron-beam instruments. Promising results have been reported with respect to some important requirements for such applications: a stable emitted current and a long lifetime. Two parameters of an electron source affect the resolution of these instruments: the energy spread of the emitted electrons and a parameter called the reduced brightness, which depends on the angular current density and the virtual source size. Several authors have measured a low energy spread associated with electron emission. Here we measure the reduced brightness, and find a value that is more than a factor of ten larger than provided by state-of-the-art electron sources in electron microscopes. In addition, we show that an individual multi-walled carbon nanotube emits most current into a single narrow beam. On the basis of these results, we expect that carbon nanotube electron sources will lead to a significant improvement in the performance of high-resolution electron-beam instruments.     

单根碳纳米管的低温电输运性质

报道了单根碳纳米管的低温电输运测量结果,特别关注了由于碳纳米管在长度方向的尺寸较小时产生的库仑阻塞性质,碳纳米管的低温电输运出现了零偏置反常和库仑振荡。因此碳纳米管在小的尺寸和低温时不仅出现能量量子化而且可以出现电荷量子化-量子点的行为。     

单个散射杂质对电子波导影响的理论研究

本文用一双波导模型模拟漏波导，用δ函数模拟散射势，从理论上研究了单个散射杂质对漏波导传输特性的影响，结果表明，波导中即使存在单个散射杂质也会极大地影响无杂质漏波导中所观察到的电导台阶和隧穿电流的振荡，而位于隧穿势垒外的散射杂质对电导和隧穿势电流的影响均忽略，计算结果还显示，当散射势足够强时，其影响将趋于饱和，散射杂质对波导中的每一传播模的影响也作了讨论。     

半导体T-stub波导中电子的磁输运

用格点格林函数理论研究与两个引线连接的T-stub量子波导中电子输运性质。通过调节施加在波导一端上的栅压,可以在其上面定义一个侧臂。侧臂的存在使得电子在运动过程中发生量子干涉效应,从而对透射概率或电流、电导有明显的作用。外加垂直磁场能够改变不同自旋方向电子的能量和干涉效应,能够进一步调控上述物理量。本文研究的系统可以用作量子调制三极管,在半导体器件设计中有实际的应用价值。     

PLC控制系统传导干扰源与抗干扰分析

分析了PLC控制系统在实际应用中可能受到的传导干扰类型,提出了针对性的抗干扰措施。     

一种波导低通滤波器的设计

波导低通滤波器是微波网络中的重要元件.在实际的工程应用中,要得到某频率响应所对应的滤波器结构的精确尺寸非常困难.于是在滤波器的设计中,必须考虑所设计的滤波器的可调试性.对一种用螺钉来实现滤波的低通滤波器进行理论分析,针对某一频段进行滤波器的设计,并用实物的实验结果来验证设计.     

温度对激光场引起的纳米管声子增益影响

讨论了强激光场下单壁纳米管的声子增益效应. 采用含时微扰方法计算了不同温度下声子占据数随时间的变化率(声子增益系数). 计算结果表明,在强激光场下纳米管中的声子占据数随时间非线性增加,增益系数与温度和激光场强都有关系. 随着温度升高,声子增益系数迅速减小;在确定的温度情况下,激光场强越强,声子增益效应越明显,并对这个现象给出了合理的物理解释.     

Time-division phase modulated single-photon interference in a Sagnac interferometer

We introduce a stable, long-distance singlephoton Sagnac interferometer, which has a balanced configuration to efficiently compensate phase drift caused by change of the fiber-optic path. By using time-division phase modulation, single-photon interference was realized at 1550nm in a 5-km-long as well as 27-km-long Sagnac fiber loops,with a fringe visibility higher than 90% and long-term stability. The stable performance of the single-photon interference indicated that the time-division phase-modulated Sagnac interferometer might readily lead to practical applications in single-photon routing and quantum cryptography.     

大型平面波导阵列天线的结构设计

相比传统的反射面天线,平面波导阵列天线具有结构紧凑、效率高、剖面低、重量轻等优点,尤其大型平面波导阵列天线可用于舰载、车载等平台,对于减小占用空间、简化安装具有重要作用。针对大型平面波导阵列天线结构设计的要求,从天线的结构组成、结构设计、制造工艺等几个方面,详细论述了该类型天线的结构设计和工艺制造的关键点,并提出了使用非金属材料进行天线设计加工的设想。     

轴压作用下双层碳纳米管屈曲问题的理论分析

考虑双层碳纳米管层间范德华力和弹性介质的作用,利用弹性梁理论,建立了轴压作用下弹性介质中碳纳米管屈曲问题的理论分析模型,并给出了相应的临界屈曲应力。     

Yb-Er共掺光波导放大器增益特性模拟及优化

为提高光波导放大器的增益特性,从Yb-Er共掺系统的能级结构及能量传递过程出发,建立了Yb-Er共掺光波导放大器增益的理论模型,对增益特性进行数值模拟;讨论了铒离子的掺杂浓度、泵浦光功率和信号光功率等因素对光波导放大器增益的影响,并进行优化。数值模拟结果表明:当波导长度小于其最佳值时,增益随铒离子的掺杂浓度和泵浦光功率的增加而显著增大;超过最佳波导长度,增益随之下降;泵浦光功率一致,信号光功率增强时,增益下降。抽运功率为70 mW时,长度为2.24 cm的光波导放大器,单位长度增益为4.73 dB/cm,该结果与实验数据基本吻合。     

使用碳纳米管AFM针尖的蛋白质高分辨率成像

原子力显微镜(AFM)是分析生物分子结构的有效手段,而目前使用的探针针尖的性质限制了高分辨率图像的获得。该文将碳纳米管安装到原子力显微镜的传统针尖上,制作出碳纳米管针尖以解决这个问题。运用碳纳米管针尖在大气常温条件下获得了由3个单元组成的小鼠抗体IgG蛋白质的Y形结构,并且分子的尺寸与X射线晶体衍射的结果非常接近,这种效果用传统针尖是无法获得的。获得的蛋白质分子超微结构的高分辨率图像为研究蛋白质分子功能提供了有价值的信息。     

单层光学薄膜中薄膜-衬底体系的三光束干涉效应

从高斯光束的传输规律出发,研究了单层光学薄膜中薄膜-衬底体系的反射光干涉问题.给出了聚焦激光束照射单层膜系时反射光干涉的光强分布,分析并讨论了干涉条纹的特点和几个主要因素对干涉条纹的影响.以ZnS薄膜-玻璃单层膜系和未蒸镀薄膜的同性质衬底为样品进行了实验,理论和实验测量结果一致.     

Water conduction through the hydrophobic channel of a carbon nanotube.

Confinement of matter on the nanometre scale can induce phase transitions not seen in bulk systems. In the case of water, so-called drying transitions occur on this scale as a result of strong hydrogen-bonding between water molecules, which can cause the liquid to recede from nonpolar surfaces to form a vapour layer separating the bulk phase from the surface. Here we report molecular dynamics simulations showing spontaneous and continuous filling of a nonpolar carbon nanotube with a one-dimensionally ordered chain of water molecules. Although the molecules forming the chain are in chemical and thermal equilibrium with the surrounding bath, we observe pulse-like transmission of water through the nanotube. These transmission bursts result from the tight hydrogen-bonding network inside the tube, which ensures that density fluctuations in the surrounding bath lead to concerted and rapid motion along the tube axis. We also find that a minute reduction in the attraction between the tube wall and water dramatically affects pore hydration, leading to sharp, two-state transitions between empty and filled states on a nanosecond timescale. These observations suggest that carbon nanotubes, with their rigid nonpolar structures, might be exploited as unique molecular channels for water and protons, with the channel occupancy and conductivity tunable by changes in the local channel polarity and solvent conditions.     

RNA interference in adult mice

RNA interference is an evolutionarily conserved surveillance mechanism that responds to double-stranded RNA by sequence-specific silencing of homologous genes. Here we show that transgene expression can be suppressed in adult mice by synthetic small interfering RNAs and by small-hairpin RNAs transcribed in vivo from DNA templates. We also show the therapeutic potential of this technique by demonstrating effective targeting of a sequence from hepatitis C virus by RNA interference in vivo.