The Important Role of Context of Culture in Translation

This paper presents the indispensable role of context of culture in the translation of meaning of language in-use,showing it to be the source of contextual background of a particular text and of which the contextual features derive.It pays special attention to the tactics for understanding as well as interpreting words in the light of context.It maintains that the context of culture in which the translator works in mainly affects and limits the choice of words in translation.     

On Moll Flanders from the Perspective of Feminist Post Colonialism

This paper discloses the marginalized position of the low-class women in the man-dominated, money-orientated society. Emerging as an orphan from the lowest social class, Moll courageously defies her birth and manages to achieve the self-designated identity of a gentlewoman. Centering on Moll＇s search for personal identity, this paper discusses the various roles she has assumed to obtain gentlewom- an-ship, a maid, mistress, wife, thief, prisoner, penitent and finally a prosperous gentlewoman, with a view of unmasking the real Moll underneath the multi-layered disguises. In fact Moll is nobody but an outsider being marginalized in the patriarchal society.     

The Female Bonding in The Color Purple

This paper aims at a survey of the female bonding in The Color Purple,which plays an important role in the heroine's finding her voice and sense of self.By examining the black women's struggle to explore their identity and claim their selves under sexual and racial oppressions,Alice Walker,the author,shows her understanding of the process that black women must undergo to achieve their vision.     

试析中国书法艺术元素在设计中的应用及其走向

Jane Eyre is a distinctive figure in literature history. Her appearance changes the stale impression of woman in literature in people＇s mind,also her self-esteem and her independence arose praise,discussion,love and thinking in readers. No doubt,Jane Eyre is a bright star shining on the way of women＇s liberation and growth.Jane Eyre is a vivid and well-developed figure. She has substantial internal world. There is not only self-esteem and independence but also sense of inferiority as well as longing for beauty and classy life in her. She develops her character in series of conflicts between her internal world and the reality. Jane Eyre steps through these conflicts to find the balanced state in her life bravely. The equality is always what she longs for whenever she is an orphan or the governess. She regards this as the essence of life. In her emaciated body there is a sensible and stanch heart full of fierce emotion. Jane Eyre is a self-governed woman who is very faithful to her own sense and feeling. Every change in her life; every decision she makes at the pivotal moment show her strong will. She leads her own fate and achieves the dreamed life and love finally. Jane Eyre is plain looking while her self-respect,her independence,her pursuing for love and equality and her wisdom make her unforgettable.     

Can PC format CV reveal the true value of environmental resources in developing countries？ A laboratory experiment in China

This is a report on payment card format contingent valuation prediction validity in China based on the individual level comparison in a world heritage site evaluation. An evaluation index system of indicators is set up according to the consistency of the individual willingness to pay as well as the mean （or median）, the positive （or negative） proportion in the hypothetical context and those in the actual donation context. We took the conservation of a combined world heritage site Wuyi Mountain in China as the case study. By one-to-one individual level comparison, we demonstrate that people usually overstate their paying intention and overestimate their paying abilities, and the hypothetical individual WTP, mean, median, positive proportion and negative proportion are all significantly different from those in the actual context in this case. However, although the relationship between WTP and socioeconomic characteristics in the hypothetical context was not consistent with that in the actual situation, the survey still demonstrated the maximum support proportion and the least opponent proportion to the project when it was carried out. So we can conclude that in this case PC format CV is a poor indicator, partly owning to its free binding. We also find that when a person decides whether to pay （intention）, he or she is more affected by his/her knowledge structure and social duty; when he/she really decides on how much he/she will pay, income becomes the most important factor.     

A preliminary study of context and translation

As we know when we do translation we must know the meaning of every word or phrase first and then translate them.But translation is not as simple as just translate English into Chinese or Chinese into English,and we couldn't know the exact meaning until we consider those words,phrases or even sentences in a specific context.Now you may be eager to know the relationship between translation and context and what context is.So in this paper I will make a brief introduction about it.In this paper I classify context into two groups: context of situation and context of culture.Then I will give a detailed introduction about the influences of context on translating.The English translator and theorist Peter Newmark had said:"a common mistake is to ignore context.A not uncommon mistake is to make context the excuse for inaccurate translation".In the last chapter I will discuss the function of context in translation,how to find useful information from context and make it serve for translating better.     

Helen Huntingdon——A Good Model for Women of All Times

Anne Bront? was the youngest of the Bront? sisters.Together the three sisters left a brilliant page in the history of English literature.Her work The Tenant of Wildfell Hall was a great success the moment it was published and was highly praised by many outstanding British critics.He heroine in the book，Helen Huntingdon,was a young lady with noble-minded and gentle nature.With her spirit of self-esteem and self-reliance as well as her wonderful deed of slamming her bedroom door against her husband，Helen fought bravely with the inequality between men and women in the old British society in the mid 19th century.The purpose of this article is to pay good tribute to Helen's great personality，and moreover，to acknowledge and reorganize the almost forgotten literary genius Anne Bront?.     

Code-Switching From the Perspective of Intercultural Communication

In no other time could people travel so many countries and reach so far to communicate as in the 21st century.It is impossible for anyone to speak only one language or style on every occasion.Therefore,the choice of the appropriate code and the switch from one code to another code may be a request for the speakers to make on account of different communication context.On the bases of definitions and a brief history of research work of code choice and code-switching,this paper will observe some factors to account for the code choice and code-switching with some Intercultural Communication theories.Mainly the discussion will focus on three respects:identity,in-group and out-group,and role relationships.     

A Feminist Reading of Sister Carrie：Carrie——the Aspiring Cinderella

Like Cinderella in the fairy tale Cinderella, Carrie is beautiful, innocent and poor. But unlike the traditional Cinderella who mindlessly waits around for a handsome prince to come to her rescue, Carrie, the aspiring Cinderella, resolvedly leaves the men she ever depended on and eventually becomes a successful actress. Sister Carrie, the most impressive heroine of Theodore Dreiser, is a contradictory character. Some accuse her of realizing her ambition with immoral means. However, some others take sympathy with her courage, determination, and aspiration.
By analyzing the most distinguished quality of Sister Carrie -her aspiration, this essay is to illustrate from the perspective of feminism that women are not limited by their sex. Ignoring her own sex as well as the conventional attitude toward women in a maledominated society, sister Carrie, full of aspiration, takes an active part in creating and determining her own lives and her own futures.     

Efficient hierarchical identity based signature scheme in the standard model

Hierarchical identity based cryptography is a generalization of identity based encryption that mirrors an organizational hierarchy. It allows a root public key generator to distribute the workload by delegating public key generation and identity authentication to lower-level public key generators. Most hierarchical identity based signature schemes are provably secure in the random oracle model or the weak models without random oracles such as gauntlet-ID model. Currently, there is no hierarchical identity based signature scheme that is fully secure in the standard model, with short public parameters and a tight reduction. In this paper, a hierarchical identity based signature scheme based on the q-SDH problem that is fully secure in the standard model is proposed. The signature size is independent of the level of the hierarchy. Moreover, our scheme has short public parameters, high efficiency and a tight reduction.     

Introduction about Eileen Chang’s translation of the Old Men and the Sea

People in our country know Eileen Chang mainly as an outstanding writer and literator.In fact she is appreciated more than being a writer internationally.Yet Chang’s outstanding talent as a trans1ator is known very 1ittle in mainland China.This thesis selects Eileen Chang’s translation phenomenon as the object of study. Mainly because at first, the translator is of course the decisive factor that makes the target text equivalent to the source text,and case study of outstanding translators obviously is a very important part of both translation theories and practice. Among the factors influencing translation, the subjectivity of the translator is the key one. For a translator who is also a writer,his/ her writing view influences his/ her translating ractice. Eileen Chang’s writing view is inflected in her translation of The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway. In my thesis, I would analysis her skill when translating the Old Man and the Sea. I found that she reflected her own attitude to the life when translating the novel.     

A Feminist Reading of Margaret Atwood's Surfacing

Margaret Atwood (1939- ) is one of the most distinguished female writers in contemporary Canada. Surfacing is her second novel, published in 1972. Through the novel, Atwood expresses her deep concern about the women. Literally, it is about a journey back to hometown and nature; but at the same time it also symbolizes a psychological journey for the heroine to find her true self. By analyzing the protagonist's personal experience with camera, language and abortion which serve as symbols of masculine power, this paper reveals women's dominated and victimized position in a male-oriented society, the gradual formation of the protagonist's feminist awareness and the process of her self-rediscovery.     

Development and Utilization of Global/World Models in International Affairs

The development and utilization of global/world models in the context of political implications of world economic trends is overviewed in terms of three streams of research, that of the multidisciplinary social scientists, of the econometricians, and of the system engineers. Socio-political processes impinge on world economic trends, just as such trends in turn impact on politics, both national and international. The use of simulations rich in system dynamics for the study of international affairs is found to have much potential, as documented in findings obtained by researchers throughout the world.     

From Loss to Awakening

Katherine Mansfield's short story A Dill Pickle(1917)shows a full picture of the female image to the readers:Vera's loss in love and her awakening from the sorrow and despair.Vera changes during the talk with her former boyfriend and achieves in awakening as a female at last.     

On Modernism and Psychological Time in Virginia Woolf''''s Fictions

Virginia Woolf claimed that the novelists should capture the evanescent moments of being and not conform to the conventional plot and characterization,since the "material" writers spent immense skill and industry making the trivial and the transitory appear the true and the enduring,but did not contain the essential thing such as life and spirit.So she advocated the modernism and carried out the experiment in her writing.The use of the psychological time in her fictions is an example.     

Appreciating and analyzing of the language in Journey to the West

W.J.F.jenner is a well-known English writer and translator, whose English version Journey to the West was published by Foreign Language Press in 1984. ﹙first edition ,1982. second edition, 1984.﹚The writing in the English version is pure and fluent, and the selection of word is concise and precise .On top of this ,the English version is loyal to the content and style of the original book .Besides, Jenner's Translation is flexible according to different context . For example , the two Chinese Word "泼猴"appear many times in the first eight chapters in the original book , but Jenner translated them each time differently,as well as marvelously and appropriately . The flexibility of transition matches the concrete context and it is not only loyal to the original language, but it corresponds to the style of English language. All this is what we should learn from in our practice of translation.     

Constructing Chinese Cultural Identity in Confucius School Under Globalization

Confucius school has been labeled as transmitting traditional Chinese culture and been widely accepted in globalization. The present study aims to interpret Chinese cultural identity and soft power of Confucius school from the perspective of national state and to deny Chinese imperialism by constructing Confucius school in the world.     

Language Is Character;Character,Language——Comments on the connections between Elizabeth's language and character in Pride and Prejudice

Jane Austen( 1775-1817), who was the daughter of a country clergyman and never married, lived most of her life in a community much like the one we find in Pride and Prejudice. All of her six novels deal with "the business of getting married"are comedies involving either solitary heroines or young women educated by events to east aside their illusions. Pride and Prejudice was first written in 1796 as First Impressions. It was rewritten(and retitled in     

Clues to "the Monstrous Joy" of Mrs.MallardIn " The Story of an Hour "

The author of the present article aims to seek plausible explanations as to Mrs. Mallard＇s controversial response to her husband＇s assumed death by sorting out a couple of clues like address forms the heart trouble of Mrs. Mallard, and her repression as well as her strength. The following textual analysis leads to the conclusion that Mrs. Mallard felt the joy of freedom from her husband＇s manipulation and dominance over herself as well as the domestic affairs, over her body as well as her soul at the assumed death of her husband.