On Character of Tess of the D''''URBERVILLS

托马斯·哈代在《德伯家的苔丝》中以看似互相矛盾的景物描写为切入点 ,引出了苔丝性格之中的矛盾与不一致性 ,也为苔丝最终的悲剧埋下伏笔 ,充分展示作者独具匠心的巧妙设计和审美价值 ,同时籍此区别于同时代的其他作家     

Existence of Young measure solutions of a class of singular diffusion equations

The first initial-boundary value problem of a class of singular diffusion equations with the flux sublinear growth and the potential without convexity is investigated. Such equations may be strongly degenerate, singular and forward-backward. Inspired by the idea in a recent work of Demoulini, we first discuss the regular case by introducing the Young measure solutions and prove the existence of such solutions. Consequently, we approximate the extreme case by the method of regularization. By means of some uniform estimates and some techniques, the existence of Young measure solutions with bounded variation is established.     

A new approach of cascade utilization of the chemical energy of fuel

The indirect release of chemical energy of fuel is investigated, and a new mechanism is proposed to identify the cascade utilization of chemical energy of fuel more clearly. Based on the concept of energy level, the internal phenomenon of the indirect chemical energy release is disclosed, and the equations of energy level describing the utilization of chemical energy and thermal energy during the indirect chemical energy release process are obtained. From theoretical analysis, we find that the superiority of the indirect chemical energy release of fuel comes from the cascade utilization of the fuel's chemical energy. Moreover, the cascade utilization of chemical energy is verified by the investigation of CRGT (chemically recuperated gas turbine). As a result, the thermal exergy obtained from the chemical energy release of fuel increases by 2%?3%. The results obtained here may help a deeper understanding of indirect chemical energy release of fuel and provide a theoretical basis for the synthesis of innovative energy systems.     

Effect of Quantum Biology of Benzene

The purpose of the paper is to elucidate the biological effect of benzene on the basis of benzene constitution, quantum chemistry and quantum biology. In addition, we also have examined the toxicological mechanism of benzene in view of action of benzene on energy.     

Effects of temperature-gradient-induced damage of zirconia metering nozzles

The effects of temperature-gradient-induced damage of zirconia metering nozzles were investigated through analysis of the phase composition and microstructure of nozzle samples. The analysis was carried out using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy after the samples were subjected to a heat treatment based on the temperatures of the affected, transition, and original layers of zirconia metering nozzles during the continuous casting of steel. The results showed that, after heat treatment at 1540, 1410, or 1300℃ for a dwell time of 5 h, the monoclinic zirconia phase was gradually stabilized with increasing heat-treatment temperature. Moreover, a transformation to the cubic zirconia phase occurred, accompanied by grain growth, which illustrates that the temperature gradient in zirconia metering nozzles affects the mineral composition and microstructure of the nozzles and accelerates damage, thereby deteriorating the quality and service life of the nozzles.     

Molecular Basis of Transfer of Transfer of Induced Resistance in Plants

ＭｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒＢａｓｉｓｏｆＴｒａｎｓｆｅｒｏｆＩｎｄｕｃｅｄＲｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅｉｎＰｌａｎｔｓ＊ＸｕＷｅｎｌｉａｎ（徐文联），ＤｏｎｇＨａｎｓｏｎｇ（董汉松）＋，ＰａｎＪｕｎ（潘军）＋，ＪｉａｎｇＷｕｌｉｎｇ（蒋五玲），ＬｉｕＡｉｘｉｎ（刘爱...     

Application of FLUPD-DD-PCR to the study of mRNA expression of glioma cells cultured under the condition of serum starvation

Fluorescently labeled universal primer directed differential display polymerase chain reaction technique (FLUPD-DD-PCR), an improved DD-PCR, is reported for the study of mRNA expression of glioma cells cultured with the serum starvation. The fluorescently labeled universal primer (FLUP) facilitates analysis of PCR products on an auto-sequencer. Compared with the traditional DD-PCR, FLUPD-DD-PCR has advantages of separation of target bands and measurement of mRNA expression quantitatively by adopting Cy5-labeled universal primer. And then the silver staining method has been used to recover the bands for use as template in re-pcr. In this study, 4 differential ESTs, of which 3 are novel ESTs, have been obtained. This work indicates some special novel genes, which can be induced to express under serum absent condition, are involved in coping with serum starvation stress on glioma cells growth.     

Identification of the Material Parameters of Laminated Plates

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＦｏｒｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌｍｅｍｂｅｒｓｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｅｄｏｆｉｓｏｔｒｏｐｉｃｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ,ｔｈｅｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｃａｎｂｅｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｄｂｙｒｏｕｔｉｎｅｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔｓｏｆｔｙｐｉｃａｌｓｐｅｃｉｍｅｎｓ.Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,ｆｏｒｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｅｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ,ｔｈｅｈｅｔｅｒｏｇｅｎｅｉｔｙａｎｄａｎｉｓｏｔｒｏｐｙｍａｋｅｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｍｏｒｅｃｏｍｐｌｉｃａ…     

Photocatalytic degradation of trace-level of MicrocystinLR by nano-film of titanium dioxide

The occurrence of toxic water bloom of cyanobacte-ria algae, widely reported in eutrophic freshwater, hasbeen a serious pollution problem in recent years[1]. Mi-crocystins (MCs), the most common cyanobacteriatoxin with a cyclic heptapeptide structure (Fig…     

Effect of internal deletion of Myosin Ⅱ on growth and development of Dictyostelium discoideum

Four deletion mutant Dictyostelium myosin Ⅱ heavy chain genes, MyΔ824-941 (Δ1/ 3S2), MyΔ934-1454 (ΔS2), MyΔ934-1194 (ΔS2-1) and MyΔ1157-1454 (ΔS2-2), were transformed by standard electroporation into mhcA- cells (T-null), a mutant Dictyostelium cell devoid of endogenous myosin Ⅱ heavy chain gene. The growth, development and formation of fruiting bodies of cells expressing those mutant myosin Ⅱ s under suspension culture were investigated by comparison with the wild type cell. The results indicate that internal deletion of myosin Ⅱ affects the growth and development of Dictyostelium. Furthermore, the longer the length of deletion , the more serious the defect in phenotype.     

An Analysis of Self-Destruction In The Picture of Dorian Gray and Heart of Darkness

This essay is intended to give an analysis of self- destruction in The Picture of Dorian Gray and Heart of Darkness based on Freud’stheory of psychoanalysis. There is an exploration into the dark depth of man’s psyche in both novels, which helps us gain profound self- knowledge.     

Effects of biological pre-treatment of pine chips on the beating performance of Kraft pulp

The Calabrien pine (Pinus brutia) wood chips prior to kraft pulping were biologically pre-treated with selected white-rot fungi (Ceriporiopsis subvermispora), which was recorded to be preferentially attacking the lignin component of the wood. The effects of this treatment on beating performance and physical strength of resultant papers were studied in detail. Bio-treated samples showed comparable and, in most cases, higher physico-mechanical properties than those obtained from untreated controls. Under the same beating conditions the bio-treated kraft pulp was noted to have the lower SR° indicating a lower degree of external fibrillation. The paper made from bio-treated kraft pulp has a higher density, tensile property, air permeability and swellability. Furthermore, remarkable energy savings up to 33 % were observed when beating bio-treated kraft pulp. This study contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms taking place during bio-treatment and the modification processes of cell wall components.     

Molecular mechanism of abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein

The abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) is thought to be closely associated with Parkinson's disease, but the pathogenesis is still unclear. In this review, we survey the latest development in the molecular mechanism of abnormal α-Syn aggregation, especially in the aspects of the core sequences, aggregation inhibitors, structural transformation and filament morphologies. By exploring the mecha-nism of α-Syn aggregation, we will have a better understanding of the disease pathogenesis, and de-velop strategies for preventing and treating this severe disease.     

Genetic polymorphisms of milk epithelial mucin of yaks

Milk epithelial mucin (MUC1) of yaks was separated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A total of nine types of MUC1 were revealed in 427 yaks from five yak breeds including Maiwa yak, Jiulong yak, Tianzhu white yak, Qinghai yak and Tibetan yak. The molecular weights of MUC1 are from 163 kD to 208 kD, most of which are larger than those of bovine. Population genetic analysis shows that the gene frequency and genotype frequency of yak MUC1 differ among breeds, with relatively high gene heterozygosity. The five yak breeds studied fall into two groups according to their milk MUC1 gene frequency, suggesting that milk MUC1 exhibits specificities for local yak groups.     

Reappraisal of phylogenetic status and genetic diversity analysis of Asian population of Lentinula edodes

Phylogenetic relationship within the Lentinula genus is constructed based on the sequenced ITS fragments of the 60 Chinese wild L. edodes isolates and the sequence data of 48 isolates of different species from other districts downloaded from the GenBank. The 108 isolates of Lentinula genus are divided into two branches and seven groups, one branch and two groups in the New World, and the other branch and five groups in the Old World, and the isolates clustering of different groups corresponds obviously with the classification of the morphological species. Asian isolates are partitioned in group Ⅰ and Ⅴ, two of the five groups of the Old World, by which the germplasm resources status represented is of great importance shown by the phylogenetic analysis. Group Ⅴ which fills up the blank of geographic distribution has become one of the mainstream groups with an increased isolate number, while group Ⅰ has a tendency to dissimilate into two subgroups (Ia and Ib) with a huge isolate quantity and a coverage of most tested districts, suggesting that China (or Asia) is an important genetic diversity center of the natural population of Lentinula genus. Genetic analysis of Asian isolates based on groups Ia, Ib and group Ⅴ indicates that the diversity of the east coastal-land, northwestern highland and southwestern China and Himalayas districts is the most plentiful, which is the three priorities in diversity protection of Asian Lentinula population.     

Effect of frequency and intensity of rotating magneticfield on the microstructures of Pb-Sn alloys

The solidification microstructures of Pb-45% Sn hypoeutectic and Pb-85%Sn hypereutectic alloys were studied in rotating magnetic field （RMF）. A transition of primary phase from dendrite to spherical growth was caused by the RMF, which simultaneously fractured and fined grains. The fracture and refinement increased first and then decreased with the increase in RMF intensity. When magnetic intensity exceeded a critical value, the size of the primary phase became bigger on the contrary. Therefore, there existed an optimum value of magnetic intensity in fracture and refinement of grain. Moreover, the rotating frequency determined the skin depth of magnetic field, and further affected the homogenization of temperature and solute. The rotating frequency and magnetic intensity were key factors affecting refinement and uniformity of solidification microstructures. The introduction of RMF not only changed the solidification thermodynamics, but also led to a reduction in Gibbs free energy associated with the formation of critical crystal nucleus and atom diffusion activation energy, thus enhancing the rate of nucleation.     

Ultrastructure of Hepatopancreas Cells of Macrobrachium nipponensis

ＵｌｔｒａｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆＨｅｐａｔｏｐａｎｃｒｅａｓＣｅｌｓｏｆＭａｃｒｏｂｒａｃｈｉｕｍｎｉｐｐｏｎｅｎｓｉｓＷａｎｇＷｅｉｎａＷａｎｇＡｎｌｉＷｅｉＸｕａｎｈｕｉＧｕｏＭｉｎｇｓｈｅｎ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＢｉｏｌｏｇｙ，ＨｅｂｅｉＵ...     

Modeling Experiment of Break of Debris-Flow Dam

Glaciers are extensively developed in the southwest of Tibet and the moraines are widely distributed with large depth. Large-scale debris flows are often reported which blocked rivers and formed dams. In this paper, seven large debris flows in four valleys are discussed, among which five dams developed. 13 sets of experiments have been conducted in laboratory to simulate the formation and failure of the dam. Finally, a model of dam failure is proposed and a formula is established to calculate the flood discharge： Q=kbnnk/TB^-/LG^0.1,where bk is the outlet width of the dam at the original water level, hk the erosive depth, T the time from overflow to final state of failure, the average width of lake; L the length of the lake, and G the total potential energy of the water in the lake.     

The orientational preferences of backbones of proteins

The orientation between the backbone residues of proteins is defined based on the local configurations and the corresponding preferences are analyzed by statistics.It is found that all the residue pairs have some specific preferences of orientations.The statistical analysis is mainly concen-trated in the orientational distributions for two kinds of groupings of residues based on the hydrophobicity and secondary structural features.The statistics for such two types of groupings shows different orienta-tional preferences.It is found that for the former grouping the orientational preference is rather weak, while for the later a kind of strong orientational pref-erences.This suggests that the formation of local structures and of secondary structures are highly related to the orientational preferences.