C-S-H表面上吸附态C1~-离子的分布特点

应用表面物理化学理论,分析了C-S-H在不同浓度、不同种类氯化物溶液中浸泡后ζ电位发生变化的原因,并在此基础上推测了被吸附的C1-离子在C-S-H表面上的分布状态。C1-离子似乎是C-S-H的特性吸附离子,只要C-S-H浸泡于氯化物溶液中,C1-离子将优先进入吸附层。吸附于C-S-H表面的C1-离子的总量包括吸附层中的C1-离子量和扩散层中的C1-离子量。随浸泡液中C1-离子浓度的增大,C1-离子不断进入吸附层,但吸附层的空间是有限的,吸附层中C1-离子增加的速度逐渐减慢。扩散层的C1-离子量取决于ζ电位的大小。在较高浓度的A lC l3溶液中浸泡的C-S-H对C1-离子的吸附量显著增大,由于此时双电层已显著变薄,因而不能忽略C-S-H表面长程范氏力对C1-离子的吸引作用。     

C-S-H表面上吸附态C1-离子的分布特点

应用表面物理化学理论,分析了C-S-H在不同浓度、不同种类氯化物溶液中浸泡后ζ电位发生变化的原因,并在此基础上推测了被吸附的C1-离子在C-S-H表面上的分布状态.C1-离子似乎是C-S-H的特性吸附离子,只要C-S-H浸泡于氯化物溶液中,C1-离子将优先进入吸附层.吸附于C-S-H表面的C1-离子的总量包括吸附层中的C1-离子量和扩散层中的C1-离子量.随浸泡液中C1-离子浓度的增大,C1-离子不断进入吸附层,但吸附层的空间是有限的,吸附层中C1-离子增加的速度逐渐减慢.扩散层的C1-离子量取决于ζ电位的大小.在较高浓度的AlCl3溶液中浸泡的C-S-H对C1-离子的吸附量显著增大,由于此时双电层已显著变薄,因而不能忽略C-S-H表面长程范氏力对C1-离子的吸引作用.     

Multiple pathways cooperate in the suppression of genome instability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Gross chromosome rearrangements (GCRs), such as translocations, deletion of a chromosome arm, interstitial deletions and inversions, are often observed in cancer cells. Spontaneous GCRs are rare in Saccharomyces cerevisiae; however, the existence of mutator mutants with increased genome instability suggests that GCRs are actively suppressed. Here we show by genetic analysis that these genome rearrangements probably result from DNA replication errors and are suppressed by at least three interacting pathways or groups of proteins: S-phase checkpoint functions, recombination proteins and proteins that prevent de novo addition of telomeres at double-strand breaks (DSBs). Mutations that inactivate these pathways cause high rates of GCRs and show synergistic interactions, indicating that the pathways that suppress GCRs all compete for the same DNA substrates.     

Superoxide involvement in the bactericidal effects of negative air ions on Staphylococcus albus.

The physical nature of small air ions is well established and it is recognized that they can produce a variety of biological effects. However, in only a few instances have any underlying biochemical changes been detected. Theoretically, one can consider the hydrated superoxide radical anion (O2) (H2O)n with n congruent to 4-8 as a likely candidate for a biologically active species of negative air ion. The chemical and biological reactivity of superoxide is high and includes a leading role in bacterial killing caused by radiation, in which superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that catalyses the reaction: O2 + O2 +2H leads to H2O2 +O2 protected markedly. Other studies have also demonstrated the bactericidal effect of O2 (refs 9-11). Inasmuch as the bactericidal action of small negative air ions has been repeatedly confirmed, we decided to test for the involvement of O2 in this phenomenon by evaluating the protective effect of SOD. Our results show strong O2 involvement in negative air ion bacterial kill.     

西比灵联合维生素B1及维生素E治疗偏头痛24例观察

根据三叉神经血管反射学说 ,在 2 0 0 1年至2 0 0 2年 3月用西比灵加维生素B1和维生素E治疗 2 4例偏头痛患者 ,取得一定效果。1　资料与方法1 .1　病例选择　 2 4例患者的选择均参照 1 990年国际偏头痛会议制定的 4条诊断标准 ,病程 1a以上。男 5例 ,女 1 9例 ,年龄均在 40岁以上 ,最大5 6岁 ,最小 40岁。1 .2　分组及用药方法　 2 4例随机分为 3组。第1组 (西比灵 Vit.B1 Vit.E) 8例 ,男 2例 ,女 6例 ,西比灵 5mg睡前口服 ,Vit.B11 0mg、Vit.E5 0mg ,每日 3次口服。第 2组 (Vit.B1 Vit.E) 8例 ,男 2例 ,女 6例 ,Vit.B11 0mg ,Vit.…     

MDC1 is coupled to activated CHK2 in mammalian DNA damage response pathways

Forkhead-homology-associated (FHA) domains function as protein-protein modules that recognize phosphorylated serine/threonine motifs. Interactions between FHA domains and phosphorylated proteins are thought to have essential roles in the transduction of DNA damage signals; however, it is unclear how FHA-domain-containing proteins participate in mammalian DNA damage responses. Here we report that a FHA-domain-containing protein-mediator of DNA damage checkpoint protein 1 (MDC1; previously known as KIAA0170)--is involved in DNA damage responses. MDC1 localizes to sites of DNA breaks and associates with CHK2 after DNA damage. This association is mediated by the MDC1 FHA domain and the phosphorylated Thr 68 of CHK2. Furthermore, MDC1 is phosphorylated in an ATM/CHK2-dependent manner after DNA damage, suggesting that MDC1 may function in the ATM-CHK2 pathway. Consistent with this hypothesis, suppression of MDC1 expression results in defective S-phase checkpoint and reduced apoptosis in response to DNA damage, which can be restored by the expression of wild-type MDC1 but not MDC1 with a deleted FHA domain. Suppression of MDC1 expression results in decreased p53 stabilization in response to DNA damage. These results suggest that MDC1 is recruited through its FHA domain to the activated CHK2, and has a critical role in CHK2-mediated DNA damage responses.     

输卵管上皮扫描电镜观察

利用同一技术方法处理幼兔、成兔和成人输卵管粘膜上皮,进行扫描电镜观察。结果表明:输卵管粘膜上皮的纤毛细胞表面纤毛有匍匐型,直立型和混合型三种类型;人无纤毛细胞的微绒毛多而长,幼兔少而短;壶腹部、漏斗部和伞部皱襞中上部有大量纤毛细胞,其余则主要是无纤毛细胞。     

论体育教学与训练的医学观察

文章阐述了关于体育教学与训练医学观察的意义、内容、秩序，体育课的组织方法，并就体育课的环境与器材条件等问题进行了分析。     

吸附法除铁离子的吸附剂研究

将ＫＭｎＯ４于２００～１０００℃范围内的不同温度下恒温分解，制得Ｋ４Ｍｎ７Ｏ１６·ｎＨ２Ｏ（ｎ≈３）、ＫＭｎ８Ｏ１６等不溶性锰酸盐．实验证明，这些锰酸盐对铁离子均有吸附作用，其中吸附量最大的吸附剂是在５５０℃下制备的ＫＭｎ８Ｏ１６在吸附除铁过程中存在着离子交换作用．     

Cold ions in the hot plasma sheet of Earth's magnetotail

Most visible matter in the Universe exists as plasma. How this plasma is heated, and especially how the initial non-equilibrium plasma distributions relax to thermal equilibrium (as predicted by Maxwell-Boltzman statistics), is a fundamental question in studies of astrophysical and laboratory plasmas. Astrophysical plasmas are often so tenuous that binary collisions can be ignored, and it is not clear how thermal equilibrium develops for these 'collisionless' plasmas. One example of a collisionless plasma is the Earth's plasma sheet, where thermalized hot plasma with ion temperatures of about 5 x 10(7) K has been observed. Here we report direct observations of a plasma distribution function during a solar eclipse, revealing cold ions in the Earth's plasma sheet in coexistence with thermalized hot ions. This cold component cannot be detected by plasma sensors on satellites that are positively charged in sunlight, but our observations in the Earth's shadow show that the density of the cold ions is comparable to that of hot ions. This high density is difficult to explain within existing theories, as it requires a mechanism that permits half of the source plasma to remain cold upon entry into the hot turbulent plasma sheet.     

A mouse knock-in model exposes sequential proteolytic pathways that regulate p27Kip1 in G1 and S phase

The protein p27Kip1 is an inhibitor of cell division. An increase in p27 causes proliferating cells to exit from the cell cycle, and a decrease in p27 is necessary for quiescent cells to resume division. Abnormally low amounts of p27 are associated with pathological states of excessive cell proliferation, especially cancers. In normal and tumour cells, p27 is regulated primarily at the level of translation and protein turnover. Phosphorylation of p27 on threonine 187 (T187) by cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2) is thought to initiate the major pathway for p27 proteolysis. To critically test the importance of this pathway in vivo, we replaced the murine p27 gene with one that encoded alanine instead of threonine at position 187 (p27T187A). Here we show that cells expressing p27T187A were unable to downregulate p27 during the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle, but that this had a surprisingly modest effect on cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Our efforts to explain this unexpected result led to the discovery of a second proteolytic pathway for controlling p27, one that is activated by mitogens and degrades p27 exclusively during G1.     

Effect of ions on the light-sensitive current in retinal rods

The effect of ions on the light-sensitive current of retinal rods was studied by sucking the inner segment into a tightly fitting capillary with the outer segment projecting into a flowing solution. This new method showed that the light-sensitive pathway, in which Na+ is the normal carrier of current, has an ionic selectivity different from that of other known sodium channels. Externàl calcium has a striking effect on the current, which increased about 20-fold when all calcium was removed. Reducing the sodium concentration gradient greatly prolonged the response to a flash of light, as would be expected if internal calcium blocks sodium channels and if light releases calcium which is subsequently extruded by a sodium-calcium exchange mechanism.     

风兜地钱基本组织细胞超微结构观察

用透射电镜观察风兜地钱垢基本组织，可以分辨出三种不同类型的细胞：（１）薄壁细胞。基本组织主要由这种细胞构成，在这种细胞之间主要靠胞间连丝联络；（２）蛋白质储藏细胞。单个地分布在近气室底部；（３）脂肪贮藏细胞，体积明显大于周围细胞，分布在原叶体近下表皮部位。     

Observation of moist convection in Jupiter's atmosphere. Galileo Imaging Team

The energy source driving Jupiter's active meteorology is not understood. There are two main candidates: a poorly understood internal heat source and sunlight. Here we report observations of an active storm system possessing both lightning and condensation of water. The storm has a vertical extent of at least 50 km and a length of about 4,000 km. Previous observations of lightning on Jupiter have revealed both its frequency of occurrence and its spatial distribution, but they did not permit analysis of the detailed cloud structure and its dynamics. The present observations reveal the storm (on the day side of the planet) at the same location and within just a few hours of a lightning detection (on the night side). We estimate that the total vertical transport of heat by storms like the one observed here is of the same order as the planet's internal heat source. We therefore conclude that moist convection-similar to large clusters of thunderstorm cells on the Earth-is a dominant factor in converting heat flow into kinetic energy in the jovian atmosphere.     

谈体育教师的示范与学生的观察

就体育教学中教师的示范与学生的观察的涵义及其属性进行了分析,并提出了在示范与观察中应注意的问题.     

幼叶黄化油菜(Brassica napus L.)突变体Cr3529叶绿体超微结构观察

对油菜Cr3529叶片细胞中的叶绿体数目及结构进行了显微及亚显微观察。结果显示,突变与野生型细胞中叶绿体的数目没有显著性的差异,但叶绿体的结构有较大的差异,较之正常油菜,Cr3529油菜叶绿体基粒类囊体数较少,基质类囊体数较多,而且,在基粒类囊体中基粒片层数也较少,大部分基粒只有几个片层,基粒的平均片层数为5．46,约为野生型的一半,作者认为,较少的基粒片层数可能是引起Cr3529油菜叶绿素含量减少,并最终导致植株显著减产的重要原因。