基于矢量矩阵束方法的大型接地网暂态分析

为快速准确地计算接地网的暂态响应,提出了一种基于场路耦合的接地网暂态计算模型。该模型将接地网划分成若干导体段,对导体段采用自感和互感参数以模拟接地网导体的感性耦合,导体段间的阻性耦合和容性耦合则采用电磁场理论中似稳电流场的方法予以分析。基于上述模型,利用电磁暂态计算程序(EMTP)可得到任意电流波形激励情况下接地网暂态响应的时域波形。为进一步提高暂态接地网的分析效率,采用矢量矩阵束方法外推接地网暂态时域响应,借助矩阵束方法,将接地网暂态响应表示成一系列复指数项的叠加,提高计算效率、抑止单纯时域方法导致的接地网晚时响应的数值振荡。通过与CurrentDistributionElec-tromagneticInterferenceGroundingandSoilStructureAnalysis(CDEGS)软件计算结果的比较,验证了该文方法的正确性和有效性。该文模型提供接地网与EMTP软件的接口,可显著提高变电站电磁兼容问题的分析效率。     

模块化多电平换流器的快速数字仿真模型

模块化多电平换流器(Modular Multilevel Converter,MMC)拓扑中含有大量电力电子开关元件,因而在基于器件电气物理模块的电磁暂态仿真环境中仿真速度十分缓慢.提出了一种基于简化阻抗变换矩阵的MMC快速数字仿真模型,将电气开关等效为两个状态的可控等效电阻,电容则等效为其暂态等值模型,从而构建了单个子模块的等效阻抗变换矩阵,通过等效电阻串联的方式,简化了矩阵计算,大幅降低了MMC的仿真时间.在Matlab/Simulink环境下搭建了MMC快速数字仿真模型,验证了该模型的有效性.     

变结构与变参数电力系统短路故障的快速计算

本文提出了变结构与变参数电力系统短路故障口的各序等值电路参数和口电流的一种新的数字仿真计算模型。同时只需详细计算单相接地短路电流的电气量值,利用同序口电流比例系数,便可快速算出同一位置其它各型短路电气量值。本方法完全避免了各序网节点导纳或阻抗矩阵的修正计算与各型故障计算中的重复计算,具有通用、精确和快速计算的特点。     

基于扰动后暂态量的戴维南等值参数辨识方法

针对现有戴维南等值参数辨识算法对等值系统发生扰动时适应能力不强的情况,提出了基于系统扰动后暂态量的戴维南等值参数辨识方法.首先对等值系统扰动下传统等值方法无法辨识戴维南等值参数进行了分析,然后阐明了基于扰动后暂态电压电流信号辨识等值参数的实现原理,利用最小二乘法求出端口电流电压约束关系下微分方程的系数,对比等值网络稳态时的等值参数,从而获得该等值网络暂态状态的戴维南等值参数.通过对简单电路网络和IEEE9节点系统进行仿真分析,结果验证了此方法在等值系统扰动后对戴维南等值参数进行跟踪辨识的可行性和有效性.     

用于电力系统电磁暂态分析的网络等值研究

在电力系统电磁暂态模拟中,等值网络的应用能有效地减小模拟设备(TNA)的规模及所需计算机的内存和时间.为拟合一端口被等值网络的频率特性,本文对移去与谐振点相对应的极点的一端口网络综合方法进行了改进,井首次用最小二乘法的量测方程求取等值网络参数,克服了用优化方法求等值网络参数稳定性差和计算时间长的缺点.     

有限大底板微带天线分析软件包的研究与实现

开发了一款用于有限大底板微带天线计算的软件包. 利用矩量法对微带天线进行三角形和四面体剖分,将阻抗矩阵分为导体对导体作用、导体对介质作用、介质对导体作用和介质对介质作用的4类阻抗矩阵;通过计算4类阻抗矩阵,求得电流系数,完成对天线性能的分析;最后基于矩阵实验室编程环境,实现软件包. 通过与FEKO软件的仿真结果对比表明,该软件包操作简单、可视性强、计算精度较高,可用于有限大底板微带天线的分析和计算.     

考虑寄生参数的220kV柱式电压互感器的暂态电路模型

220kV柱式电压互感器是高压电网中重要的电气设备,建立高压柱式电压互感器的暂态电路模型对研究其快速暂态过电压分布具有重要意义。首先利用矢量网络分析仪测量得到了高压220kV柱式电压互感器的宽频阻抗参数,然后根据220kV柱式互感器的内部结构,建立了考虑寄生电感和杂散电容影响的互感器暂态电路模型,并将该暂态电路模型与测量得到的宽频阻抗参数进行对比,验证了互感器暂态电路模型的有效性;最后利用考虑寄生电感和杂散电容影响的暂态电路模型计算了在工频和雷电冲击电压作用下柱式电压互感器二次回路输出电压,获得了柱式电压互感器的宽频传递特性。     

一种快速计算阻抗矩阵的有效方法

文章以矩量法和RWG基函数为基础,将导体表面剖分成一定数量的三角单元,然后将每个三角单元分成9个完全一样的小三角块,假设被积函数在每个小三角块上为常数,那么阻抗矩阵元素计算中的积分就可以用求和来代替;应用该方法计算了导体平板和导体球的双站RCS,数值计算表明:该方法所得结果与矩量法计算结果吻合良好,而阻抗矩阵填充时间大...     

相邻两节点等值算法在复杂电网简化中的应用

实际电力系统呈现非辐射状网络的特点,评估研究其稳定性往往需要建立电磁暂态仿真模型,这就要求首先对系统进行简化等值。采用考虑了等值节点之间耦合阻抗的相邻两节点等值算法,成功实现了对实际复杂大电网的简化建模。德宝高压直流输电系统和南方某实际超高压交流输电系统的仿真分析表明,等值后系统的静态性能与原系统一致,同时也具备比较接近的动态响应,满足等值要求,为后续稳定性的相关研究奠定基础。     

西藏电网暂态稳定分析的动态负荷模型及发电机参数等值

提出适用于西藏电力系统暂态稳定分析的广义实用负荷模型，并给出等值同步发电机参数。利用线性前馈网络连接权与差分方程负荷模型系数的映射关系，对西藏特殊电力负荷的差分方程参数进行辨识，在线性前馈网络算法中提出为了避免在极值点附近出现振荡现象，对初始权值搜索应满足的条件。比较了线性前馈网络和线性规划方法辨识差分方程的输出响应特性，表明线性前馈网络参数辨识的负荷模型内插能力优于线性规划方法，两种方法的外推能力基本一致。通过算例验证了用综合性质的差分等值动态负荷模型代替等值静态负荷和感应电动机模型的有效性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the