La0.85Te0.15MnO3的电磁输运性质及其内耗的研究

研究了La0.85Te0.15MnO3的电磁输运行为及其内耗。其磁化强度随温度的变化曲线经历了一个从顺磁到铁磁的转变,其电阻率随温度变化曲线出现了2个转变峰,其中高温峰在居里温度TC对应于顺磁到铁磁的磁转变。在金属到绝缘转变区域出现了内耗峰,并且模量也出现了变化。     

La_(0.85)Na_(0.15)MnO_3的结构、磁性质和输运性质

实验研究了由 Pechini方法制备的 L a0 .85Na0 .1 5Mn O3多晶陶瓷样品的结构、磁性质和输运性质 .发现 L a0 .85Na0 .1 5Mn O3的居里温度正好接近室温 ,在该温度附近 ,伴随铁磁相到顺磁相的转变 ,同时发生金属 -半导体转变 ,且在居里温度附近 ,0 .5 T外磁场下的最大磁电阻可达 14 % .理论与实验对比可知 ,在居里温度以上小极化子非对角跳跃为主要导电机制 .     

La_(1-x)Ca_xMnO_3薄膜的制备及结构和磁性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶旋涂法在表面氧化的Si(100)基片上制备了La1-xCaxMnO3(x=0,0.1,0.15)薄膜.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、扫描电镜(SEM)及振动样品磁强计(VSM)对样品的结构、形貌和磁性进行了研究.结果表明:薄膜为正交钙钛矿结构,具有平整的表面,La0.85Ca0.15MnO3样品的薄膜厚度为334nm.样品在居里温度附近发生铁磁-顺磁转变,随着Ca2+掺杂浓度的增加,样品的居里温度变大,x=0.15时,样品的居里温度为299K.     

La0.67 Sr0.18 □0.15MnO3的结构、磁性和电输运性质

利用溶胶一凝胶法制备了La0．67Sr0．18□0．15MnO3样品,并对其结构、磁性质和电输运性质进行了研究。x射线衍射研究表明,样品具有单相菱方六面体结构。磁性研究表明,样品存在铁磁一顺磁转变,居里温度约280K。电输运性质研究表明,在低温范围,样品电阻率的来源主要是电子与电子之间的散射,样品在高温范围符合非绝热近似下的小极化子导电行为。     

Nd掺杂对La0.7-x NdxBa0.3MnO3磁热性质的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了系列La0．7-xNdxBa0．3MnO3钙钛矿材料．实验结果表明掺人少量Nd可显著调节样品的居里温度,有效提高其磁熵变．当x=0．15时样品磁熵变达到2．22J／kg．K,Tc=269K．该系列样品低磁场下在室温附近具有较大的磁熵变,可作为室温磁致冷材料。     

Dy掺杂对(La1-xDyx)2/3(Sr)1/3MnO3居里温度和磁熵变的影响

用固相反应法制备了(La1-xDyx)2/3(Sr)1/3MnO3(x=0～0.20).X射线衍射分析表明,样品为单相钙钛矿菱面结构,不存在其他杂相.扫描电镜照片显示样品的颗粒均匀,平均粒径分布在200～300nm之间.利用振动样品磁强计测量了样品的M-T曲线和居里温度附近的等温M-H曲线,研究了样品的居里温度和磁熵变随Dy掺杂量的变化规律.结果表明,随着Dy掺杂量的增加,系列样品的居里温度降低,磁熵变先增大后减小,在x＝0.05处达到最大.     

La0.55Eu0.1Sr0.15Na0.2MnO3的制备及其磁性

采用溶胶-凝胶方法制备钙钛矿型稀土锰氧化物La0.55Eu0.1Sr0.15Na0.2MnO3, 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和磁性测量系统(MPMS)对样品的结构、居里温度、磁卡效应和磁电阻效应进行研究. 结果表明, 样品具有单相六角钙钛矿结构, 居里温度为310 K, 磁电阻变化率为11.18%, 最大磁熵变为1.45 J/(kg·K).     

La0.67Sr0.33MnO3/α-Fe2O3复合体系的低场磁卡效应

用化学方法制备了La0.67Sr0.33MnO3α-Fe2O3纳米颗粒复合样品,通过X射线衍射和振动样品磁强计对样品的结构和磁性进行了研究。由M-T曲线可知,居里温度Tc=358K,这表明α-Fe2O3的掺入可用于调节居里温度。由M-H曲线计算了样品在较低磁场下的磁熵变,并由La0.67Sr0.33MnO3与α-Fe2O3晶界间的反铁磁偶合微观机制对其磁性进行了解释。     

钙钛矿La0.7Pb0.3MnO3的磁电阻效应及输运特性

采用固相反应烧结法成功制备了钙钛矿La0.7Pb0.3MnO3单相多晶样品,利用超导量子干涉仪和直流四探针法主要研究了La0.7Pb0.3MnO3块体的磁电阻效应及输运特性.结果表明,此样品在居里点附近由铁磁向顺磁过渡,且表现出典型的团簇玻璃特征.磁电阻的极大值出现在居里温度附近.当H=0.5T时,磁电阻的极大值为6.8%,当H=1T时,磁电阻的极大值为12.4%.输运结果表明,T1区金属导电是由于电子散射造成的,T2区半导体特性是由于小极化子跃迁引起的.     

La位Dy3+的替代对(La1-x Dyx)0.67 Ca0.33 MnO3传输性质的影响

在La0.67Ca0.33MnO3中用Dy对La进行了部分替代,随替代量增加,材料的居里温度和金属-绝缘体相变温度单调下降,峰值电阻率单调增加,磁电阻比急剧增大。这些变化可以用稀土离子平均直径的减小和自旋团簇模型来解释。Dy掺杂引起的磁结构变化将导致CMR效应。     

Lead-bismuth-free piezoceramics （Na0.5K0.44Li0.06）Nb0.95Sb0.05O3-Na5.6Cu1.2Sb10O29

Newly developed sintering aid Na5.6Cu1.2Sb10O29 (NCS) and lead-bismuth-free piezoceramics (Na0.5K0.44Li0.06) Nb0.95Sb0.05O3 (NKLNS) were prepared by the conventional solid state reaction. The effects of sintering aid NCS on the electrical properties of NKLNS were investigated. It was found that the addition of a proper amount of sintering aid NCS to NKLNS is effective not only on improving the density and the piezoelectric activity, but also on reducing the dielectric loss of NKLNS. The NKLNS doped with 0.4 mol% NCS has a piezoelectric constant d33 as high as 261pC/N and an electromechanical coupling factor k33 above 60%. These results show that NCS-doped NKLNS is a promising and practicable candidate for lead-bismuth-free piezoceramics.     

Single-negative properties of Ba2Co1.8Cu0.2Fe12O22 and Ba3Co2Fe23.4Zn0.6O41 hexagonal ferrites

The electromagnetic properties of Ba₂Co_1.8Cu_0.2Fe₁₂O₂₂ (Co₂Y) and Ba₃Co₂Fe_23.4Zn_0.6O₄₁ (Co₂Z) were studied by measuring microwave scattering parameters. In the transmission spectra of Ba₂Co_1.8Cu_0.2Fe₁₂O₂₂, a forbidden band emerges due to ferromagnetic resonance, and the permeability will turn to negative in the vicinity of the ferromagnetic resonance frequency. In the complex permittivity spectra of Ba₃Co₂Fe_23.4Zn_0.6O₄₁, the negative permittivity can be obtained due to dielectric resonance. Therefore, Co₂Y and Co₂Z can be used to construct left-handed materials possessing negative permeability and negative permittivity simultaneously.     

TiO2/Al2O3-Al2O3-TiO2/Al2O3绝缘结构的真空沿面闪络特性

基于变插入层介电常数的多层绝缘结构能改善电场分布、提高真空沿面闪络特性.通过真空热压烧结制备了TiO2/Al2O3-Al2O3-TiO2/Al2O3(A-B-A)3层绝缘结构,A层w(TiO2)为0.5%到20%.测量了该绝缘结构的真空沿面闪络特性,发现闪络特性随w(TiO2)的增加而提高,当w(TiO2)为20%时,其脉冲初次闪络电压较同等厚度的Al2O3陶瓷提高了63%.研究发现:A层的介电常数可由w(TiO2)调控,介电常数的增大能有效降低真空-绝缘子-阴极三结合点处的电场强度;A层表面存在的TiO2颗粒可以减小二次电子发射系数并改善表面电荷分布;TiO2的电导率虽比Al2O3高,但其仍为绝缘体,即使TiO2含量较高时也不会形成贯穿的导电通道.     

CaO-ZrO2-TiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2玻璃陶瓷的制备及化学稳定性研究

玻璃陶瓷是固化处理中、高放废物和α废物较为理想的候选材料之一。研究了特定条件下制备的CaO-ZrO2-TiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2体系玻璃陶瓷在水淬和空气中自然冷却的两种冷却制度对其结晶行为和显微结构的影响,用粉末浸泡实验方法测试了其化学稳定性。结果表明:自然冷却形成的玻璃陶瓷晶相主要是ZrSiO4和ZrTiO4;在25～70℃范围内,温度对玻璃陶瓷浸出率无明显影响,90℃下浸出率比25℃,40℃,70℃的浸出率高一个数量级;7 d元素总的归一化浸出为1.87 g/m2。     

在Na3AlF6-AlF3-CaF2-LiF-Al2O3体系中低温铝电解

Based on the main physico-chemical properties of Na₃AlF₆-AlF₃-CaF₂-LiF-Al₂O₃ system studied, including liquidus temperature、electrical conductivity and bath density, a laboratory scale vertical discharging aluminum type electrolysis cell of about 100A capacity was run with TiB₂ cathodes and low molar ratio(1.5～2.0) electrolytes at 800～930℃ range. Aluminum metal was obtained with 84.6%～88.3% current efficiencies and 11.54～11.83 kW^.h/kg specific energy consumption.     

关于Euler-致型方程x^2-D1y^2=2s^2和x^2-D2y^2=-2t^2

设D1，D2是无平方因子正整数，该文给出了方程组x^2-D1y^2=2s^2和x^2-D2y^2=-2t^2有本原整数解(x，y，s，t)的必要条件。     

Crystallization Mechanism of Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-F- Glass Containing Cr2O3

The effect of Cr₂O₃ on the nucleation and crystallization of Na₂O-CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-F- glass has been investigated by means of ESR(Electron Spin Resonance), SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope), EDS(Energy Dispersive Specrometer) and so on. Computer pattern recognition is applied to optimize the heat-treatment schedules. The experimental results show that the base glass containing more than 1.5 % (mass fraction) Cr₂O₃ can be nucleated internally and converted to spheroidal crystal glass materials. The spheroidal crystal consisted of fibrous wollastonite crystals radiating from a center. The residual glass phase filled in the interstices between the fibers and between the spherulites. During heat treatment process, the valence states ofchromium changed from Cr6- to Cr3-, and the Cr-spinel solidsolution [CaCr₂O₄] precipitated followed this valence change. At the primary stage of crystallization, the Cr-spinel could act as a nucleating center on which the principal or}stalline phase β-CaSiO₃ grew epitaxially.     

二维磁性NbSi2N4-WSi2N4-NbSi2N4异质结的光生电流效应

采用量子输运方法研究了二维(2D)磁性NbSi₂N₄-WSi₂N₄-NbSi₂N₄面内异质结的光生电流效应.该异质结具有C2v非空间反演对称性,在可见光范围内,用线偏光垂直及倾斜照射时,均能激发显著的光生电流效应,产生自旋极化且偏振敏感的光电流.光电流与偏振角(θ)和入射角(α)均为余弦依赖(cos(2θ),cos(2α))关系.两种照射方式下均能产生纯自旋流及完全自旋极化的光电流.在垂直照射时,能取得完美的自旋阀效应.这些结果表明,二维磁性NbSi₂N₄-WSi₂N₄-NbSi₂N₄异质结在低能耗自旋电子学及低维光电探测领域具有应用潜力.