八肋游仆虫第一类肽链释放因子eRF1a多克隆抗体的制备、纯化及鉴定

将八肋游仆虫第一类肽链释放因子基因eRF1a克隆入表达载体pRSETc,并在大肠杆菌Bl21(DE3)中进行诱导表达.表达形成的包含体经切胶回收,然后免疫大鼠制备抗血清.所获得的抗血清用Amersham Biosciences抗体纯化试剂盒进行纯化,SDS-PAGE电泳分析表明纯化后的抗体纯度很高.Western blotting印迹和ELISA鉴定结果表明抗体特异性好,效价为1∶5000.     

E-cadherin前体蛋白抗体的制备与鉴定

E-cadherin是一种重要的肿瘤转移抑制因子,它的功能异常能够导致肿瘤细胞的转移.细胞内成熟的E-cadherin由其前体蛋白剪切而成,目前还没有针对该前体蛋白的特异性抗体.为了得到能用于检测内源性E-cadherin前体蛋白(E-cadherin pre)的抗体,对E-cadherin基因用限制性内切酶PstⅠ和PvuⅡ进行双酶切,获取E-cadherin基因的N-端片段,将其重组入原核表达载体pGEX-4T-2中,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株中表达重组蛋白,经谷胱甘肽-琼脂糖珠子纯化后,得到较高纯度的E-cadherin前体抗原.用该抗原免疫新西兰兔,获得抗血清,进一步纯化血清得到抗E-cadherinpre的多克隆抗体.用Western blot检测了外源性和内源性E-cadherin pre,发现该抗体效价高且特异性强;免疫荧光实验表明该抗体可以用于细胞染色,为深入研究E-cadherin pre在细胞内的功能奠定了基础.     

拟南芥转录因子TDF1的原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

在拟南芥花药发育过程中,MYB家族转录因子TDF1在调控绒毡层发育及后期功能上起到关键的作用．利用PCR方法扩增TDF1基因并克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a．将表达载体TDF1-pET32a转入大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）,用IPTG成功诱导表达了分子量约为56KD的TDF1融合蛋白．该融合蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在,分离出包涵体后进行可溶性处理作为抗原免疫家兔．制备出的多克隆抗血清经ELISA测定效价为1：2560,Westernblot检测表明该抗血清与TDF1融合蛋白识别良好．TDF1抗体的制备有助于进一步从生化水平上研究TDF1在花药发育中的功能．     

VMP1基因的克隆及其抗体的制备与鉴定

为了得到效价高、特异性强、能用于检测内源性 VMP1 蛋白的抗体,采用RT-PCR 法,从L929细胞株中克隆鼠VMP1基因,重组入pCMV5载体,用 PCR 扩增与其氨基酸 132-239 区域对应的DNA片断,将该片段连接到原核表达载体 pGST parallel 中,在大肠杆菌 BL21 菌株中大量表达,经谷胱甘肽-琼脂糖树脂纯化后,得到高纯度的 VMP1抗原.免疫新西兰兔,获得抗 VMP1 蛋白的兔抗血清,将血清纯化后即得到抗 VMP1 的多克隆抗体.用 Western blot 分析手段检测了该抗体的特异性及效价.在用该抗体检测外源性和内源性 VMP1 蛋白的试验中,证实该抗体效价高,特异性强,效果很理想.此方法可用于获得大量廉价的抗 VMP1 蛋白的高滴度和高特异性的抗体,为进一步研究 VMP1 在细胞内,尤其是在信号转导通路中的功能和作用奠定了基础.     

VMP1基因的克隆及其抗体的制备与鉴定

为了得到效价高、特异性强、能用于检测内源性VMP1蛋白的抗体，采用RT-PCR法，从L929细胞株中克隆鼠VMP1基因，重组入pCMVS载体，用PCR扩增与其氨基酸132-239区域对应的DNA片断，将该片段连接到原核表达载体pGST parallel中，在大肠杆菌BL21菌株中大量表达，经谷胱甘肽-琼脂糖树脂纯化后，得到高纯度的VMP1抗原．免疫新西兰兔，获得抗VMP1蛋白的兔抗血清，将血清纯化后即得到抗VMP1的多克隆抗体．用Western blot分析手段检测了该抗体的特异性及效价．在用该抗体检测外源性和内源性VMP1蛋白的试验中，证实该抗体效价高，特异性强，效果很理想．此方法可用于获得大量廉价的抗VMP1蛋白的高滴度和高特异性的抗体，为进一步研究VMP1在细胞内，尤其是在信号转导通路中的功能和作用奠定了基础．     

八肋游仆虫第一类肽链释放因子eRFla多克隆抗体的制备、纯化及鉴定

将八肋游仆虫第一类肽链释放因子基因eRFla克隆入表达载体pRSETc,并在大肠杆茵B121(DE3)中进行诱导表达.表达形成的包含体经切胶回收,然后免疫大鼠制备抗血清.所获得的抗血清用Amersham Biosciences抗体纯化试剂盒进行纯化,SDS-PAGE电泳分析表明纯化后的抗体纯度很高.Western blotting印迹和ELISA鉴定结果表明抗体特异性好,效价为1 5 000.     

原核系统表达的鸡白细胞介素-10的鼠抗血清体内研究的初步分析

目的获得鸡白介素-10(chIL-10)的原核表达产物,制备鼠抗血清,分析与真核系统表达的chIL-10的反应原性。方法采用RT-PCR从经脂多糖(LPS)体外刺激的鸡外周血淋巴细胞中扩增编码成熟IL-10的基因,克隆至原核表达载体pET-30a(+),成功构建原核重组质粒pET-chIL-10;转化至大肠杆菌DH5α中IPTG诱导表达,切下含有重组蛋白的SDS-PAGE胶条,免疫制备鼠抗血清;分别与包含信号肽和去除信号肽的chIL-10真核表达细胞系CHO-euchIL-10F和CHO-euchIL-10M进行间接免疫荧光抗体试验(IFA)和蛋白免疫印迹试验(Western blot),验证有无反应性。结果成功构建chIL-10的原核表达载体pET-chIL-10,获得了高效价的鼠抗血清,能与表达chIL-10的真核细胞系反应。结论原核表达的chIL-10特异性鼠抗血清将能用于体内研究的检测。     

拟南芥AtERF1蛋白的原核可溶性表达及多克隆抗体的制备

转录因子AtERF1属于ERF/AP2家族的B3亚家族,参与植物的防卫反应.根据密码子简并原理,用基因全合成的方法合成了满足大肠杆菌密码子嗜好的编码拟南芥AtERF1蛋白的碱基序列,并将其克隆到原核表达载体pET-29b.将表达载体AtERF1-pET-29b转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG成功诱导表达了分子量约30kD的AtERF1蛋白,该蛋白主要以可溶性蛋白的形式存在.以该蛋白为抗原免疫家兔,制备出的多克隆抗体经免疫双扩散测定效价达1∶16,Western blot检测表明该抗血清与AtERF1蛋白识别良好.AtERF1抗体的制备为进一步从生化水平上研究AtERF1的功能奠定了良好基础.     

截短型HCV NS5B RNA聚合酶在大肠杆菌中表达纯化及鉴定

为构建HCV截短型ns5bΔ21基因的原核表达质粒;在大肠杆菌中表达NS5B蛋白并纯化,制备其抗体。运用软件设计引物,以BB7复制子为模板PCR扩增ns5bΔ21基因;克隆入原核表达载体pRSETA。将重组表达质粒pRSETA-ns5bΔ21转化BL21大肠杆菌,并诱导表达、可溶性分析及纯化;用纯化的NS5B蛋白免疫小鼠制备多克隆抗体。结果酶切鉴定和序列测定表明成功的构建了重组表达质粒pRSETA-ns5bΔ21;其经IPTG诱导后行SDS-PAGE可见新生表达条带,Western-blot证实了其特异性和抗原性良好;利用镍离子亲和层析和电洗脱方法获得了纯化NS5B蛋白;用纯化蛋白免疫小鼠制备出了多价抗血清。说明表达和纯化的截短型HCV NS5B RNA聚合酶可用于下一步筛选单链抗体。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the