以多药耐药基因为靶标的siRNA对耐药肿瘤细胞药物敏感性和凋亡的影响

目的:研究应用以多药耐药相关蛋白(MRP)基因为靶标的siRNA( small interference RNA) 抑制相应蛋白表达后,耐药肿瘤细胞药物敏感性和凋亡率的改变.方法:通过脂质体将以MRP基因为靶标的siRNA(100 μmol/L)转入柔红霉素(DNR)0.8、1.6、3.2、6.4、12.8 μg/mL处理的肺癌耐药细胞株SW1573/R20;阿霉素(ADM)1.6、3.2、6.4、12.8、25.6 μg/mL处理的白血病耐药细胞株K562/ADM;顺铂(DDP)0.125、0.25、0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0 μmol/mL处理的鼻咽癌耐药细胞株CNE2/DDP;以单纯化疗处理组和未处理组为对照.于转染后24、48、72h,用MTT法检测各组细胞生长抑制率,算出各细胞IC50.转染siRNA联合IC50剂量化疗处理6 h后流式细胞仪检测各细胞凋亡率和死亡率,24 h后RT-PCR检测相应基因mRNA表达水平,48 h后检测MRP蛋白表达率.结果:以MRP为靶标的siRNA 明显抑制各肿瘤细胞靶基因蛋白和mRNA的表达,与未处理组相比均有统计学差异(P＜005);转染以MRP为靶标的siRNA后,耐药肿瘤细胞对化疗药物敏感性明显增强,IC50明显降低,细胞凋亡率明显增加,与单纯化疗组相比有统计学差异(P＜005).结论:以MRP基因为靶标的siRNA,通过降低靶基因mRNA和蛋白表达,明显增加耐药肿瘤细胞药物敏感性和凋亡率.     

mdr1介导的获得性多药耐药性在胃癌细胞SGC7901的自然逆转

目的:探讨mdr1介导的获得性多药耐药在胃癌细胞SGC7901的自然逆转情况.方法:将培养细胞分为SGC7901、加长春新碱(VCR)的SGC7901/VCR和停VCR 6个月的SGC7901/VCR(设为SGC7901/VCR-)3组,用RT-PCR和原位杂交检测mdr1 mRNA的表达,免疫印迹和免疫组化检测P-gp的表达,流式细胞仪检测阿霉素在细胞内的蓄积和潴留,MTT法检测细胞对化疗药物的敏感性.结果:SGC7901/VCR-组mdr1 mRNA和P-gp表达水平介于SGC7901和SGC7901/VCR之间.SGC7901/VCR-阿霉素蓄积和潴留均高于SGC7901/VCR,低于SGC7901(P<0.05).SGC7901/VCR-对化疗药物的IC50小于SGC7901/VCR,大于SGC7901(P<0.01);对DDP和ADR的耐药指数低于SGC7901/VCR(P<0.05).结论:停化疗药物6个月后,胃癌耐药细胞亚系SGC7901/VCR的多药耐药性降低,但未降到亲本SGC7901水平.     

苯胺类毒物在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）细胞中诱导肺耐药蛋白（LRP）表达和抗肿瘤药物耐受

背景：苯胺类毒物（aniline poison）是一类常用化工原料和环境污染物,通过食物或饮水污染进入体内后能够干扰人体正常内分泌系统（endocrinium）稳态、影响细胞遗传物质的稳定最终导致细胞DNA突变增加癌变或畸变的风险。最近的研究表明,苯胺类毒物还有可能影响恶性肿瘤的治疗效果。目的：选取代表性的三个苯胺类毒物：对苯二胺（p-phenylene diamine, p-PDA）、间苯二胺（m-phenylene diamine, m-PDA）、邻苯二胺（o-phenylene diamine, o-PDA）,考察其在非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC）中诱导肺耐药蛋白（human lung resistance protein, LRP）表达及其可能的分子机制。方法：培养NSCLC细胞系A549,使用系列浓度梯度的对苯二胺（p-phenylene diamine, p-PDA）、间苯二胺（m-phenylene diamine, m-PDA）、邻苯二胺（o-phenylene diamine, o-PDA）处理细胞后,使用实时荧光定量PCR（qPCR）检测LRP的mRNA表达、蛋白印记实验（Western bolt, WB）检测LRP的蛋白表达;进一步使用芳香烃受体（aryl hydrocarbon receptor, AhR）的小干扰RNA（siRNA）抑制A549细胞中AHR的表达,确定对苯二胺、间苯二胺、邻苯二胺对LRP的诱导作用是否依赖于AhR;在此基础上,使用对苯二胺、间苯二胺、邻苯二胺预处理A549细胞后,再分别使用抗肿瘤药物吉非替尼（Gefitinib）、吉西他滨（Gemcitabine）处理A549细胞,利用MTT实验检测上述抗肿瘤药物对A549细胞存活的抑制率（inhibitory rate, IR）,并计算药物作用的半数抑制率（IC50值）。结果：qPCR实验与WB实验结果显示,对苯二胺、间苯二胺、邻苯二胺刺激A549细胞能够剂量依赖地诱导LRP的mRNA、蛋白表达水平。干扰AhR表达后,该三种苯胺类毒物不能诱导LRP的mRNA与蛋白表达。MTT实验结果表明,对苯二胺、间苯二胺、邻苯二胺能够下调抗肿瘤药物吉非替尼、吉西他滨对A549细胞的杀伤作用：吉非替尼作用于A549细胞的IC50值从1.20±0.25μmol/L上调为5.67±0.44μmol/L、6.07±0.30μmol/L与7.51±0.28μmol/L,其耐药指数（resistance folds）分别为4.73、5.06与6.26;吉西他滨作用于A549细胞的IC50值从0.44±0.10μmol/L上调至1.55±0.25 μmol/L、1.88±0.19 μmol/L与2.33±0.40 μmol/L,其耐药指数分别为3.52、4.27与5.30。结论：三种代表性苯胺类毒物能够在肺癌细胞中通过AhR诱导LRP表达,并且能够引起A549对抗肿瘤药物耐受。     

Reversal Efficacy of SDZ-PSC833 and Verapamil on Drug-Resistant Human Cervical Carcinoma Cells Line

This article discusses the characteristics of the drugresistant human cervical carcinoma cell line HeLa/MMC and investigates reversal effect of SDZ-PSC833（PSC833） and Verapamil （Ver） upon HeLa/MMC. Relative content of cell DNA detection, H3-TdR incorporation test and drug-resistance have been experimented, meanwhile a tumor transplant model in the nude mice for Hela/MMC has been established. Then the volume of cancer, tumor weight, curve line of growing up in tumor -bearing nude mouse and its morphological variation of carcinoma organism are observed to evaluate the reversal effect of PSC833 and VER. It has been found that： （1） Compared with HeLa cells,subline HeLaJ MMC Cells＇ drug-resistant capability against Mitomycin（MMC） or cisplatin（DDP） is as 5.02 folds or 2 folds as that of the former, respectively. The Hela/MMC cell line has characteristics of multi- drug resistance and stronger multiplication; （2） PSC833 and VER can reverse resistance of HeLa/MMC to Mitomycin in vivo.PSC833 will be a better candidate for reversing multidrug resistant than verapamil in clinic application.     

Construction and expression of inverted configuration of retroviral vector containing intron 1 of hFIX

Intron was found to play an important role in improving gene expression. To improve the human factor IX(hFIX) expression level in hemophilia B gene therapy study, the retroviral vector containing intron 1 of hFIX gene was constructed in forwarded configuration, but the intron 1 was found spliced in virus particles by RT_PCR detection. So the inverted configuration vector G1NaPAi′IX was suggested and constructed on the basis of SNMBAIXm and transfected into PA317. Then C2C12 cells were transfected using the above virus supernatant and the G418_resistant clones were selected. PCR and RT_PCR detection found that intron 1 structure existed in C2C12 clones and retroviral particles. And the expression level of inverted vector was 3 times higher than that of forwarded vector. These results showed that the inverted configuration vector was in deed able to avoid splicing of intron 1 during the process of retroviral packaging and improved the expression level of hFIX protein.     

DLL3蛋白在人小细胞肺癌细胞中的功能及其机制

为探讨DLL3(human notch ligand delta-like 3)过表达对人小细胞肺癌细胞的影响及可能的作用机制,通过PCR方法扩增人DLL3基因全长序列,并克隆至慢病毒表达载体Lenti-EFS-FLAG-puro而构建人DLL3基因过表达慢病毒表达质粒,酶切及测序鉴定质粒正确。通过慢病毒包装及感染,构建DLL3稳定过表达的人小细胞肺癌细胞株,并通过Western blot验证DLL3蛋白的表达。采用CCK-8法检测DLL3过表达对人小细胞肺癌细胞的增殖的影响。采用平板克隆实验检测DLL3过表达对人小细胞肺癌细胞的克隆形成的影响。Western blot检测DLL3过表达对细胞周期相关蛋白Cyclin D1,Cyclin D3的表达水平的影响。结果表明:人DLL3过表达慢病毒表达质粒构建成功; CCK-8实验显示DLL3过表达促进人小细胞肺癌细胞的增殖。平板克隆实验显示DLL3过表达提高人小细胞肺癌细胞的克隆形成能力。Western blot结果表明DLL3过表达增加细胞周期蛋白Cyclin D1,Cyclin D3的表达水平。可见DLL3过表达对人小细胞肺癌细胞的增殖具有促进作用。     

桂枝茯苓丸联用顺铂紫杉醇化疗提高卵巢癌多药耐药模型裸鼠生存率

研究桂枝茯苓丸逆转人卵巢癌耐顺铂细胞株(SKOV3/DDP)肿瘤模型的耐药作用及其对荷瘤BALB/c裸鼠生存率的影响,探讨其可能的作用机制。采用Cell Counting Kit-8试剂盒检测SKOV3/DDP对顺铂和紫杉醇的耐药性;采用SKOV3/DDP细胞建立卵巢癌耐药肿瘤模型,模型BALB/c裸鼠随机分为桂枝茯苓丸浓缩液16 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(高)、8 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(中)、4g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(低)剂量(中药组)、顺铂/紫杉醇组(化疗组)、低剂量桂枝茯苓丸与化疗联用组(中西联用组)和空白对照组,检测各处理组的抑瘤率。观察各组BALB/c裸鼠的生存情况;并采用荧光定量PCR检测各组肿瘤组织中MDR1 mRNA的相对表达。结果是SKOV3/DDP细胞对顺铂和紫杉醇的耐药倍数分别为4.13倍和3.85倍。随着桂枝茯苓丸浓缩液剂量的增加,抑瘤作用增强,裸鼠生存率提高,肿瘤组织MDR1 mRNA表达相对于对照组逐渐下降。西药化疗组在耐药模型裸鼠中的抑瘤效果高于中药组,中西药联用后抑瘤效果显著高于西药化疗组;与其他各组相比,西药化疗组的裸鼠平均体重明显下降,差异均具有显著性(P0.05,P0.01)。中西联用组裸鼠生存率高于桂枝茯苓丸低剂量组和西药化疗组。西药化疗组MDR1mRNA表达相对于对照组显著增加,中西药联用组MDR1 mRNA表达相对于对照组显著下降,差异均具有显著性(P0.05,P0.01)。说明桂枝茯苓丸能够逆转SKOV3/DDP耐药性卵巢癌模型裸鼠的耐药性,提高裸鼠生存率,其机制可能与抑制MDR1 mRNA表达有关。     

Construction and expression of retroviruses encoding dual drug resistance genes in human umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells

A series of retroviral vectors encoding human mdr1 gene alone as well as in combination with either human mgmt gene or human mutant Ser31-dhfr gene are engineered. The resultant retroviruses are used to transduce human umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells. It has been shown that expression of dual drug resistance genes in transduced cells confers a broad range of resistance to both kinds of corresponding drugs. These data suggest a rationale for the use of such double chemoresistance gene constructs in an in vivo model in which transduced hematopoietic cells will acquire multiple protection against the cytotoxic side effects of combination chemotherapy and may have future application in chemoprotection of normal tissues, thus killing tumor cells more effectively.     

CYP1A1基因Ile462Val多态位点在吸烟人群中与肺癌易感性显著相关

利用meta分析的方法探讨吸烟人群中CYP1A1基因多态位点与肺癌易感性的关系.获取1986年至2010年2月pubmed等数据库中有关CYP1A1基因Ile462Val和Msp1位点多态性与肺癌易感性关系的研究结果,统计对应的吸烟者或非吸烟者的研究数据,运用RevMan 4.2软件对各研究原始结果进行统计处理,计算合并OR值及95%可信区间.按照纳入标准,最终入选文献共有29篇病例对照研究,吸烟者中Ile462Val位点与肺癌发生显著相关, 基因型Val/Val+Ile/Val 比 Ile/Ile的合并OR值为1.29（95%CI∶1.03,1.63）,P<0.05,而该位点在非吸烟者中及Msp1位点在两种人群的分析结果均不具统计学意义.上述结果提示,对目前相关研究结果的Meta分析显示,吸烟者中CYP1A1基因Ile462Val位点多态性与肺癌易感性之间存在一定相关性.     

nm23-H1基因对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7S增殖及移动特性的影响

目的：探讨nm23—H1基因转染乳腺癌细胞后对其增殖和转移能力的影响。方法：用人nm23—H1基因与真核表达质粒pcDNA3．1(—)构建成重组表达质粒pcDNA3．1—NMHl，转染人乳腺癌细胞MCF—7S，经G418筛选4周后，筛选出稳定表达nm23—H1的细胞株，绘制其生长曲线，检测其增殖、移动能力，用SPSS统计软件处理实验数据，分析nm23—H1基因对乳腺癌细胞的作用。结果：与对照组相比，转染nm23—H1基因的MCF—7S细胞的对数生长期延长，细胞增殖速度减慢，移动距离缩短，克隆形成率降低。结论：nm23—H1基因在乳腺癌细胞的体外实验中有抑制癌细胞生长、增殖、转移能力的作用。     

Construction and expression of retroviruses encoding dual drug resistance genes in human umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells

A series of retro viral vectors encoding humanmdr1 gene alone as wetl as in combination with either humanmgmt gene or human mutantSer ³¹-dhfr gene are engineered. The resultant retroviruses are used to transduce human umbilical cord blood CD34⁺ cetls. It has been shown that expression of dual drug resistance genes in transduced cetls confers a broad range of resistance to both kinds of corresponding drugs. These data suggest a rationale for the use of such double chemoresistance gene constructs in anin vivo model in which transduced hematopoietic cetls will acquire multiple protection against the cytotoxic side effects of combination chemotherapy and may have future application in chemoprotection of normal tissues, thus killing tumor cetls more effectivety.     

核酶M1GS-T6对HCMV UL97基因RNA片段体外切割作用

目的:研究M1GS核酶对HCMV UL97mRNA的体外切割作用.方法:针对HCMV UL97 mRNA T6位点设计与之互补的引导序列(Guide Sequence,GS),将其共价结合至大肠杆菌核酶P催化亚基(M1 RNA)的3'末端,构建M1GS-T6核酶,并用其对UL97基因亚克隆片段转录产物进行体外靶向切割实验.结果:核酶M1GS-T6具备特异性切割靶分子UL97 mRNA的能力.结论:核酶M1GS-T6具备特异性切割活性,为进一步研究HCMV病毒基因功能和治疗提供了新的途径.     

Effects of enhancing p21 waf1 on proliferation and expression of G1cyclins andCDKs in human breast cancer cells

The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21( waf1/cip1/sdil) is an important negative regulator in control of cell cycle. Its functions of inhibiting cancer cell growth and its effects on expression of G1 phase cyclins and related CDKs are a worthy topic for study. The plasmid expressing p2l with high level was transformed to human breast cancer cells, and the expression of p2l in cells was enhanced, then the cell growth rate, anchorage-independent growth and tu-morigenecity were tested, at the same time the expression levels of cyclinD1, CDK4, cyclinE and CDK2 were analyzed by Northern blot. The results showed that since the expression of p21 was enhanced in the cell, the rate of cell growth and anchorage-independent growth was inhibited, tumorigenecity was suppressed, the level of expression of cyclinE and CDK2 decreased while that of cyclinDl and CDK4 was not affected. It is suggested that the enhanced expression of p21 markedly inhibits the proliferation and lessens the tumorigenecity of breast cancer cells, and that p2l expression is not related to that of cyclinDl and CDK4, but affects the expression of cyclinE and CDK2 .     

重组人硫氧还蛋白对大鼠内毒素肺损伤保护作用

目的:探讨重组人硫氧还蛋白1(rh Trx-1)对新生SD大鼠急性内毒素肺损伤的保护作用.方法:制备、鉴定rh Trx-1;将新生SD大鼠分为对照组、脂多糖(LPS)实验组和LPS+rh Trx-1干预组.腹腔注射LPS(质量分数为5 mg/kg),制备急性内毒素肺损伤模型,干预组于LPS注射前30 min腹腔注射rh Trx-1(质量分数为10 mg/kg),观察注射后24 h各组新生SD大鼠的一般情况以及死亡率;重复实验,每组分别于实验后的2、8 h随机处死大鼠,提取肺组织用于病理切片观察.结果:(1)成功制备rh Trx-1;(2)LPS组大鼠表现出活动少,反应差,精神萎靡,毛发无光泽,口周发绀等全身炎症反应症状,濒死状态时表现为毛色青灰,呼吸浅表;LPS+h Trx-1干预组动物症状明显减轻;阴性对照组、LPS实验组和LPS+rh Trx-1干预组大鼠24 h死亡率分别为0%,67%、17%(2=14.400,P=0.001);(3)LPS组肺组织损伤严重,可见肺组织结构不完整,肺泡间隔明显增宽,肺泡腔内有红细胞、炎症细胞及浆液渗出,血管周围组织可见白细胞浸润,毛细血管有明显充血及扩张表现,随时间延长有加重趋势,LPS+rh Trx-1干预组病理改变较内毒素组明显减轻,肺泡结构尚正常,轻度肺水肿,肺泡间隔稍增宽,红细胞渗出明显减少,肺泡及肺间质中白细胞浸润减少.结论:重组人硫氧还蛋白1对急性内毒素肺损伤的新生大鼠具有保护作用.