混凝土剪力墙受剪承载力可靠度分析

针对我国规范未对剪力墙受剪承载力可靠指标进行校准,本文研究钢筋混凝土剪力墙受剪承载力的可靠度水平.根据剪力墙抗剪公式所依据的试验及试件情况,收集并筛选截面型式、混凝土类型、配筋型式、破坏形态等方面与其一致的74片剪力墙试验数据,对试件承载力的试验值与规范公式计算值进行分析,得出剪力墙受剪承载力计算模式不定性统计参数,进而得出抗力统计参数和概率分布类型;采用考虑基本变量概率分布类型的验算点法进行可靠指标计算.结果表明:现行规范剪力墙受剪承载力可靠指标低于目标可靠指标3.7的要求,其中荷载效应比、剪跨比、轴向压力、配筋率、混凝土强度等级对可靠指标影响较小,风荷载与永久荷载效应比对可靠指标影响较大,分布钢筋采用HPB300时的可靠指标在同等条件下较小.为保证剪力墙受剪承载力可靠指标满足目标可靠指标要求,引入承载力调整系数0.95对现行计算公式进行修正,修正后计算公式的可靠指标均值为3.738.     

Monte—Carlo法在钢筋混凝土深梁可靠度分析中的应用

利用Monte-Carlo法,对现行混凝土结构设计规范及其修订稿中的钢筋混凝土深梁正截面受弯的可靠度进行了校准分析和比较,研究了不同荷载效应比值（恒载与住宅楼面活荷载的比值）、不同材料强度等级和不同配筋率对深梁可靠度的影响,分析结果表明,按修订稿设计的深梁正截面受弯的可靠度水平比按现行混凝土结构设计规范设计的深梁正截面受弯的可靠度水平更高。     

结构抗震承载力利用系数的可靠度校核

广东省的地方性标准DBJ15-92—2013《高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程》的抗震性能设计在国家现行的抗震设计规范的基础上进行改进,采用按设防烈度地震(中震)计算地震作用,引入承载力利用系数考虑构件的延性能力,来进行构件的承载力设计.为验证新的抗震承载力计算公式的可靠性,采用一次二阶矩方法对计算公式进行可靠度分析,研究了荷载比(地震作用标准值效应与重力荷载效应比值)、性能水准、设防烈度、构件受力类型等因素对可靠度的影响.结果表明:在同一性能水准下构件可靠指标和可靠性概率大小所遵从的规律为受压构件受剪构件受弯构件受拉构件,符合"强剪弱弯"的概念设计要求;荷载比和构件重要性系数对构件可靠度有显著的影响,设防烈度对构件可靠度的影响不大.     

集中荷载下具有反弯点的钢筋混凝土构件的抗剪强度研究

鉴于我国现行《钢筋混凝土结构设计规范》中抗剪强度公式用于计算连续梁、约束梁和框架结构的梁和柱等构件常偏于不安全问题,本文进行了集中荷载作用下具有反弯点的钢筋混凝土构件的抗剪强度的试验研究,综合分析了国内外连续梁、约束梁和反对称荷载作用下构件的抗剪强度共170个试验资料,探讨了受荷时具有反弯点的构件抗剪强度的影响因素及其降低原因,并提出了两个建议计算公式,与试验结果吻合较好。     

考虑弯剪相关性的钢筋混凝土受弯构件承载力计算

钢筋混凝土受弯构件中,弯剪承载力存在相关性。中国规范GBJ10—89,GB50010,JTJ023—85和JTG D62—2004,以及美国规范ACI318基本沿用了相同的思路,未充分考虑弯剪相关性,受弯构件纵筋和箍筋用量分别按正截面承载力和斜截面承载力单独计算确定,仅通过剪跨比分析了在集中荷载作用下的独立梁的弯矩对抗剪承载力的影响。在分析GB50010和ACI318的强度准则中隐含应力层次的弯剪相关性和承载力公式中剪跨比影响的基础上,提出了考虑弯剪相关性的弯剪承载力修正公式。通过典型算例,分析了不同参数下修正公式与规范公式的设计配筋量,比较了抗弯和抗剪可靠指标的变化,并基于GB50068—2001的目标可靠指标要求,探讨了考虑弯剪相关性的必要性。     

基于偏心距随机特性的RC框架柱承载力抗震调整系数

以水平地震与竖向荷载组合作用下的RC框架柱为研究对象,推导截面偏心距与荷载效应比的关系式。接着依据已有的水平地震概率模型与楼面恒荷载、活荷载概率模型,分析偏心距设计值在总体样本点与失效样本点中分别具有的保证概率。然后采用Monte Carlo方法分析RC框架柱可靠度水平随多个参数的变化规律。结果表明:RC框架柱的承载力抗震可靠指标随弯矩效应比和轴压比设计值的变化较为明显,且弯矩荷载效应比越大、轴压比设计值越小,对应的可靠指标越低。与设计目标可靠指标相比,现行规范中RC柱的承载力抗震调整系数值是偏低的,在多数情形下应提高至0.9或1.0。这为合理进行RC框架柱的抗震设计提供了有益参考。     

小剪跨比牛腿承载性能试验研究

为了分析小剪跨比钢筋混凝土牛腿在竖向荷载作用下的破坏情况,通过试验研究了不同剪跨比和混凝土强度对牛腿承载能力的影响,分析了牛腿纵筋的承载力-应变曲线和破坏形态.结果表明:在小剪跨比情况下,牛腿破坏形态大致可分为剪切破坏和斜压破坏2种破坏形态;混凝土强度的提高使钢筋混凝土牛腿受剪承载力增大而且基本呈线性关系;随着剪跨比的增大,牛腿的极限承载力明显下降;在荷载一定的情况下,裂缝宽度基本上随剪跨比的增大而增大,钢筋的应变值随剪跨比的减小而变小.     

钢-混凝土预制混合梁受弯性能有限元分析

基于两端固定边界条件下钢-混凝土预制混合梁的受弯性能试验,采用ABAQUS软件对其受弯性能进行非线性有限元分析.通过与试验结果对比,验证了材料本构模型、单元类型、接触关系和边界条件等建模方法的可靠性.利用验证的有限元模型研究了钢梁长度以及钢梁与混凝土梁设计受弯承载力比对受弯性能的影响.结果表明:该有限元模型能有效地模拟钢-混凝土预制混合梁在静力集中荷载作用下的受弯性能;初始刚度随钢梁长度的增加呈线性降低;随着钢梁长度的增加,极限荷载先增后减,当钢梁长度超过400,mm后,极限荷载降低缓慢,钢梁所受最大弯矩基本保持不变.当钢梁长度为200~400,mm、钢梁与混凝土梁设计受弯承载力比为1.0~1.2时,钢梁强度可得到充分利用,且钢材用量相对较少.     

钢筋混凝土双向受弯构件抗剪影响因素分析

基于对钢筋混凝土双向受弯构件抗剪机理的试验研究,应用灰色系统理论的关联度分析方法,对无腹筋钢筋混凝土双向受弯构件抗剪强度的影响因素进行关联度计算. 分析结果表明:在集中荷载作用下()31<相似文献   

钢筋混凝土受弯构件抗剪承载力影响因素探讨

本文阐述了钢筋混凝土受弯构件的类型和破坏模式,并对现行规范中的深受弯构件和一般受弯构件的抗剪承载力计算公式进行了对比分析,对受弯构件抗剪承载力的影响因素如剪跨比、配箍率等进行了总结。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

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低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

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