配电电缆绝缘劣化的极化去极化电流特性仿真

为实现对6 kV交联聚乙烯(XLPE)电缆绝缘状态的可靠检测,基于德拜扩展模型建立了整体受潮、局部受潮、绝缘老化、含水树枝电缆的仿真模型,采用极化-去极化电流法(polarization-depolarization current,PDC)对电缆绝缘状态进行诊断,研究电缆在不同绝缘状态下PDC特性变化规律。结果表明:电缆受潮较严重时,电压电流呈现明显的非线性关系,绝缘电阻下降速率更快;水树枝程度越深,极化去极化电流初始值越大,电缆绝缘性能越差。     

电压稳定剂改善聚乙烯共混材料绝缘性能的研究

为了开发新一代可回收电缆材料,提升其绝缘性能,选取间氨基苯硼酸、2-甲氧基-5-吡啶硼酸和间氨基苯甲酸3种新型电压稳定剂添加入聚乙烯共混物中,分析其对聚乙烯共混物绝缘性能的改善作用及机理。采用溶液法将质量分数为1%的电压稳定剂添加入含质量分数为10%高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)的低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)共混材料,通过热压法制备试样,利用红外光谱、差式扫描量热法、X射线衍射、电树枝起始实验、直流电导率和空间电荷测量对材料进行物理化学分析和电气性能测试。研究结果表明,聚乙烯共混提升了热稳定性和结晶度,添加电压稳定剂后进一步提升了共混物的结晶度,对共混物的熔融特性无明显影响。添加了电压稳定剂的共混物的电树枝起始电压均明显提高,间氨基苯甲酸共混物的电树枝起始电压比LDPE/HDPE共混物提高了47%。电压稳定剂对共混物的直流电导率作用明显,间氨基苯甲酸能够明显降低共混物的直流电导率。3种电压稳定剂对共混物的空间电荷积累具有明显的抑制作用,且添加了间氨基苯硼酸的共混物具有最少的空间电荷积累。陷阱能级和视在迁移率计算发现,添加了电压稳定剂的共混物中浅陷阱密度增加,视在电荷迁移率增大,有利于抑制材料中空间电荷的积累。实验结果可为新一代环保电缆的开发提供一定参考。     

基于有限元分析的XLPE电力电缆仿真实验

交联聚乙烯(XLPE)电力电缆的电树枝老化威胁其安全运行,为了研究针尖缺陷对电缆绝缘电树枝产生的影响,文中运用ANSYS软件对电缆内部针尖缺陷进行模拟仿真和理论分析,并与现场所测得中压XLPE电缆的耐压强度进行对比,对试验结果进行了验证,并指出了局部电场畸变是引发贯穿性放电通道的主要因素.     

直流电压下交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘中电树枝的生长特性研究

为了研究交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘材料中直流电树枝的生长速率、形态特征及通道特性,利用树枝化试验及显微观察系统,在针尖半径为5μm、针-板电极间距为2mm、周期性施加的间断直流电压下,对试样进行了分组试验。试验结果显示:电树枝由细单枝逐渐发展为稀疏丛状结构,树枝通道为非导电型;电树枝生长缓慢,生长速率不超过1.0μm/min;树枝长度主要取决于加压周期数及直流电压幅值,电压持续时间在高压下影响增大;针极意外接地情况下,电树枝将瞬间引发或快速生长。理论分析表明,电树枝生长规律可以由文中所建立的非导电树枝模型及等效电路进行合理解释,而空间电荷效应是产生直流接地树现象的根本原因。     

低密度聚乙烯电树枝老化中氧的影响研究

作者采用了真空脱气后充六氟化硫(SF_6)气体的技术处理材料试样,能有效改进低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)的电树枝特性,把树枝起始电压和树枝起始时间提高到一个新的水平。与单一充SF_6气体的LDPE比较,两者分别提高及延长了一倍。试验表明LDPE中的氧和高能电子一样,都是促使电树枝发展的基本因素。     

低温下聚合物的树枝状放电

针对低温电工绝缘的实际应用和低温电老化机理的探讨，通过针尖电极试验，着重研究了超高分子量聚乙烯的特性；并将它与交联聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯做了对比。结果表明，机械应力下疲劳强度的劣化是低温电树枝化的重要因素。超高分子量聚乙烯具有低温性能好。不会开裂，适用于低温电工绝缘的特点。     

科技创造财富 成功连着你我

机械类 T－ 012JJ21 6/6KV交联聚乙烯绝缘机场 助航灯光电缆技术推广 该电缆采用了导体－导体屏蔽－交联聚乙烯－绝缘屏蔽－金属屏蔽－护套的结构。交联聚乙烯采用了先进的辐照或化学交联技术，使聚乙烯分子链由线性结构转变成三维网状结构。该电缆采用了新材料、新技术、新工艺，具有耐温等级高、载流量大的特点和较好的机械与电气性能，达到了国际 IEC60502标准要求。该电缆已应用于四川成都、上海等机场，运行安全可靠，得到用户一致好评。此外，还有广州等机场，运行安全可靠，得到用户一致好评。此外，还有广州白云、江苏盐城、首…     

交联聚乙烯电缆的试验方法

阐述了交联聚乙烯电缆传统直流耐压试验方法对绝缘缺陷诊断的不可靠性及可能造成的绝缘隐患,介绍了超低频耐压试验的发展现状。     

电流热效应在电缆故障点速查中的试验研究

随着我国电力工业的不断发展,城市中的电网普遍已采用电缆线路,特别是在大中型城市中电网线路电缆化趋势发展的越来越快。近几年,电缆也已经由原来的油纸电缆改为了交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆,而由于交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆具有的不稳定性,电缆发生故障的机率也就大于油纸电缆。因为电缆一般都是深埋于地下,因此,在发生故障时,故障点的查找则是一大难题。本文将以低压电缆故障点的查找为例,对电流热效应进行试验研究,并对其在电缆故障点速查中的应用与传统查找方法在电缆故障点速查中的应用进行对比分析。     

浅议高压交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘老化与局部放电检测技术的试探

文章主要阐述了国内外高压交联聚乙烯(XLPE)电缆系统在运行中绝缘老化的统计情况和主要实例,对局部放电检测绝缘老化技术方法作了试验探讨。     

Correlation between geometrical parameters of electrical tree and corresponding partial discharge parameters in XLPE

This paper deals with the experimental study on the correlation between the geometrical parameters of electrical tree and corresponding partial discharge (PD) characteristic parameters in the course of electrical tree aging within cross linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation. The electrical tree aging tests were performed on specimens removed from a section of 220 kV transmission cable. The PD macroscopic characteristic parameters were found to be significantly dependent on the corresponding geometrical parameters of electrical tree channels in the course of aging of XLPE, and different kind of electrical tree has different characteristics, and there is obvious correlation between the type of electrical tree and the pre-applied power-frequency stress. Beside, using regression analysis, the expression of the relation between them were obtained, and from which it can be seen that there is significant nonlinear correlation between geometrical parameters of electrical tree and corresponding PD characteristic parameters in the course of aging of XLPE. Therefore, the aging degree of XLPE can be effectively evaluated by recognizing the changing regularity of the PD rnacroscopic characteristic parameters.     

DC Insulation Parameter Characteristics of XLPE in the Course of Its Aging

This paper deals with the experimental study on the correlation between insulation resistance (R) and direct current (DC) component (idc) and corresponding aging degree of insulation in the course of the aging within cross linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation. The aging tests were performed on a section of 10 kV transmission XLPE cable by means of water needle method, and R was measured by dc voltage superimposed method. R and idc were found to be significantly dependent on the corresponding aging degree of insulation in the course of aging of XLPE, and different kind of aging stage has different characteristics. Beside, there are generally similar regularity but different amplitude in the course of aging of XLPE insulation in different electrolyte, and the various electrochemical tree were found on the surface of aging XLPE cable immersed in CuSO, solution. Therefore. according to the changing regularity of the DC characteristic parameters i.e. R and idc within XLPE insulation judging the aging degree of XLPE insulation will be an effective method.     

Gradient Changing Morphology Research of Cross-linked Polyethylene Thick Insulation of 110 kV Power Cable

The thick insulation layer of 110 kV XLPE power cables will result in the gradient changing morphology with the radius due to crosslinking process and cooling of the XLPE insulation. In this paper, the morphology of cross-linked polyethylene （XLPE） insulation of 110 kV cable and the uniforming effect of the heating process on it are researched by the differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and X-ray diffraction （WAXD）. The middle layer morphology structures of insulation produced by normal technology are of better uniform, while the crystallinity of the inner and outer layer of the insulation is lower than that of the middle one. The melting enthalpy AHm of materials displays the difference of the crystal morphologies sensitively. The difference of crystallizing morphology in different layers of the high-voltage power cable insulation can be improved by heating process. But the uniforming of morphology of the insulation by heating process requires sufficient ttanperature and time. The effect of the on-line stress-relaxation equipment used widely by cable works now should be doubted. The test results of WAXD reveal that thermal stress changes the interplanar distances in the crystal region. So the radical stress in the insulation is tensile mainly.     

Partial Discharge Characteristics in the Course of Aging within XLPE Insulation

This paper deals with the experimental study on the correlation between partial discharge （PD） characteristic parameters and corresponding aging degree of insulation in the course of the aging within eros,s-linked polyethylene （XLPE） insulation. The aging tests were performed on a section of 10 kV transmission cable by means of water needle method. The PD macroscopic characteristic parameters were found to be significantly dependent on the corresponding aging degree of insulation in the course of aging of XLPE, and different kind of aging stage has different characteristics. Beside, there are similar regularity but different PD amplitude in the course of aging of XI.PE insulation in different electrolyte, and their insulation life is different. Therefore, according to the chan ging regularity of the PD macroscopic characteristic parame ters within XLPE insulation judging the aging degree of XLPE insulation will be an effective method.     

检测电缆附件局部放电内置传感器的特性分析

针对高压交联聚乙烯(cross-linked polyethylen,XLPE)电缆的结构及其附件内部易出现绝缘缺陷而导致放电的特点,基于电容耦合原理研制出用于电缆附件局部放电(partialdischarge,PD)信号检测的宽频带电容型内置传感器,通过建立传感器特性分析的电路模型,全面分析了影响传感器性能的各个因素,对其响应的频率特性进行了实测,并在实验室110 kV XLPE电缆PD试验平台上对电缆接头内部沿固体复合介质表面产生的放电进行试验研究。测试结果表明:研制的内置电容型传感器频率响应特性优异,能传感纳秒级暂态脉冲信号,其有效频带达500 MHz,可以用于XLPE电缆及附件PD超高频(Ultra-high frequency,UHF)信号的检测。     

交联聚乙烯高压电力电缆在施工过程中的防水控制及处理

针对交联聚乙烯（XLPE）绝缘电力电缆运行过程中进水或者受潮,导致电气绝缘性能和机械性能将急剧下降,严重影响电缆使用‘寿命的问题,分析了电缆受潮后产生水树对电缆的危害及作用机理,指出施工过程中电缆可能进水的原因及防水措施,阐述了电缆进水后缓冲层充氮气辅助抽真空和芯线充氮气的除水方法及步骤。     

电缆车削剥皮过程理论分析与仿真模拟

为解决人工剥离电缆外皮效率低、精度差的问题,通过材料力学分析和有限元方法对电缆车削剥皮过程进行了理论模型构建和仿真模拟分析,研究了电缆车削剥皮过程中的变形规律,为一种机械车削中间剥皮方式提供理论依据并验证可行性。对电缆结构特性进行分析,建立电缆几何模型。采用复合材料力学理论分析与均匀化方法,进行电缆力学模型建立及参数的求解。建立影响车削剥皮质量的中间剥皮车削加工力学模型,研究影响剥皮质量的电缆弯曲与扭转变形力学特性规律,并进行了电缆线径、长度、切削位置因素显著性分析。分析了电缆绝缘外皮XLPE切削加工特点、刀具几何参数与材料选择,求解出了XLPE的修正J-C本构模型,运用ABAQUS进行热力耦合切削数值模拟,研究了切削速度、切削深度与刀具角度对切削力、切削温度及切屑形态影响规律。结果表明:电缆线径对电缆弯曲和扭转变形均有较大影响,线径越大产生的变形越小。长度和切削位置对线缆弯曲变形影响较大,对扭转变形影响不明显。电缆XLPE外皮切削有限元模拟结果清晰直观,切削速度、切削深度和刀具前角对XLPE外皮切削形态和切割温度影响规律明显。     

决策树技术在电缆绝缘状态评估中的应用

电缆的绝缘状态通常可以分为良好、不好、差和故障等几种,以电缆的日常检修数据、试验数据和在线监测数据为基础,对电缆的状态进行判断是一个非常有意义的课题。采用决策树分类技术来对电缆的绝缘状态进行分类,分别对各种类型数据形成子树,然后通过子树合成技术形成最终的决策树,从而对电缆的绝缘状态进行判断。通过一个实际电缆的各种数据,采用SPSS软件进行实际应用,最终的仿真结果说明决策树技术是一种非常有效的电缆绝缘状态分类技术。