提高九叶青花椒发芽率和成苗率的试验研究

运用正交设计及统计分析方法研究了脱粒方式(A)、采种时间(B)、脱脂程度(C)和播种后覆盖处理(D)对九叶青花椒发芽率和成苗率的影响.结果表明:①影响九叶青花椒发芽率和成苗率的主导因子是脱粒方式(A)和采种时间(B);②脱脂程度(C)和播种后覆盖处理(D)会影响苗木出苗整齐度.③提高九叶青花椒发芽率和成苗率的最佳处理组合为A1B2C1D1,即种子采收后放在阴凉通风处阴干脱粒,过白露节10d后采收,脱粒后的种子用水浸泡2d后用碱水浸泡半天,播种后先覆盖一层稻草再覆盖地膜.     

基于稳健设计的熔融堆积成型工艺参数的优化

针对熔融堆积成型工艺的尺寸精度和翘曲变形两个指标,选择线宽补偿(A)、挤出速度(B)、填充速度(C)、层厚(D)四个工艺参数作为控制因子,采用稳健设计和模糊综合评判相结合的方法优化熔融堆积成型工艺参数.优化结果表明,工艺参数对指标影响的显著性程度的主次顺序为A、B、D、C,最佳工艺参数的组合方案为A1B1C2D3.     

温度、光照对苦荞麦种子萌发、幼苗产量及品质的影响

以苦荞麦'黑丰一号'种子为材料,研究不同温度对种子萌发的影响;采用2因素3水平设计,研究不同温度(A1,A2和A3分别为20,25和30℃)和光照强度(B1,B2和B3分别为1,3和5×103lx)对幼苗产量及品质的影响.结果表明:苦荞麦种子萌发的适宜温度为25℃;因素A,B和A*B对幼苗产量、Vc和黄酮含量的影响均达显著水平(p≤0.05);对幼苗产量影响最好的水平组合是A2B1和A2B2,对幼苗Vc和黄酮含量影响最好的水平组合分别是A3B1和A3B2.在苦荞麦幼苗生长的不同阶段,应进行不同的温光控制,以提高产量与品质.     

庄浪县玉米全膜沟播种植密度研究

对庄浪县玉米全膜沟播种植密度研究的结果表明,当种植密度的边际产量大于零时,玉米的产量随密度的增大而增加,当种植密度的边际产量等于零时,玉米产量最高;种植密度的边际产量小于零时,玉米产量随密度的增大而减小。玉米的穗粒数、双穗率、百粒重随着种植密度的增加而逐渐减小,从拟合方程可知全膜玉米最高产量的适宜密度为6.096万株/hm2,最适宜宽行距为70cm,株距30cm或宽行距60cm,株距33cm。     

轨道交通高架站桥建关系的类型化分析

广州地铁四号线是广州市轨道交通首次采用高架敷设方式的线路,本研究通过考察高架车站构成解明桥建关系.在中国现行的<地铁设计规范>及相关研究和日本铁道高架桥建关系最新研究应用基础上,对广州地铁四号线相关研究设计、图纸和数据进行类型化和数理的考察分析.按桥建关系将广州市轨道交通四号线高架站分为A、B、C、D 4大类.A、B、C 3类均为"桥-建"组合结构体系.B、C类是完全的桥建组合;A类则仅是站台梁或者站台梁等(站台附属构件)与轨道梁桥组合.A-Ⅰ类和D类是区别于传统铁道高架站设计的高效优化的铁道高架站结构形式.     

基于组合相似度的混合多指标信息聚类分析方法

针对传统聚类分析只采用单一相似测度进行刻画的不足,提出了一种组合相似度的聚类分析思路.同时在实际问题中,由于聚类问题的复杂性、模糊性和不确定性,聚类信息常常是包含精确实数形式、区间数形式、模糊数形式等多种形式的混合型多指标信息,为此利用组合相似度的聚类思想对这种混合多指标信息进行了聚类分析.该聚类分析方法相对于传统单一方法更加全面,并考虑了混合指标信息.最后给出了一个算例,证明了所提方法的有效性.     

基于单片机的准直播种导引激光信号发射车的设计

蔬菜温室大棚等设施农业中精确播种可以使植株行距协调一致、生长整齐,可以有效增加光照,提高蔬菜产量.论文将激光导航技术应用到农机准直播种作业中,研发了一种性价比高的准直播种导引激光信号发射车.该装置由STC12C5A60S2单片机作为主控制器,由直线行走模块,行进距离参数设定、输入及检测模块,车载激光发射器位置和调整模块等部分组成,可以保证播种直线度和行距平行度,减少驾驶员的劳动强度,消除累计误差.该装置在蔬菜大棚进行播种实验表明,本信号发射车行走稳定,发射信号平行度精确;在此激光信号发射车的配合作业下,准直播种系统每50 m播向直线度误差为±4.9 mm,机组往复行距误差为±7.8 mm,满足准直播种作业要求.     

不同播种期对黄心乌农艺性状及营养品质的影响

以"新秀1号"黄心乌为材料,在秋季分4个播种期进行播种,研究不同播种期对黄心乌农艺性状及营养品质的影响.研究表明:随着播种期推迟,株高、叶片长,叶片宽、叶柄长呈下降趋势,而株幅、叶柄宽、叶片数及产量呈先上升后下降的趋势;叶片和叶柄硝酸盐、淀粉含量呈先上升后降低的趋势,蛋白质、可溶性糖和维生素C含量呈先降低后上升的趋势;定植30 d与定植60 d的变化趋势基本相同.从农艺性状与营养品质综合分析,第4播种期为最佳播种期.     

正交试验和不同贮存方法对白簕种子萌发率的影响

以野生白筋种子为材料,研究了正交试验和不同贮存方法对种子萌发率的影响．播种季节、覆盖深度和基质种类的正交试验结果表明,最佳处理组合为A1B2C2,即：干藏种子进行秋季播种于配土中并覆土2cm,次年春季萌发,萌发率达58．45％,但种子出苗时间长、不整齐．不同种子贮存处理结果发现,秋季采集种子于次年春季播种前35—45d进行冬季室温湿沙层积处理显著提高白筋种子萌发率,达77．78％,出苗时间短、整齐．     

柠条种子丸粒化配方的筛选

【目的】比较几种较优的柠条种子丸粒化配方,提高播种精准度、种子出苗率并促进幼苗生长,解决干旱半干旱地区困难立地的造林问题,为林草种子丸粒化研究和应用提供理论依据。【方法】以柠条种子(内蒙古自治区林业和草原局提供)作为对象,采用不同黏着剂、填充料及保水剂(质量分数分别为0、3%、5%、7%)组成不同配方进行丸粒化处理。其中,黏着剂:羧甲基纤维素钠A(A1. 0.75%;A2. 1.0%;A3. 1.25%;A4. 1.5%),聚乙烯醇B(B1. 2%;B2. 4%;B3. 6%;B4. 8%)。填充料:C1[黏土20%(体积分数,后同)+滑石粉40%+高岭土40%],C2(黏土40%+滑石粉30%+高岭土30%),C3(黏土60%+滑石粉20%+高岭土20%),C4(黏土80%+滑石粉10%+高岭土10%),D1(黏土40%+滑石粉60%),D2(黏土60%+滑石粉40%),D3(黏土80%+滑石粉20%),D4(黏土100%)。从丸粒质量、裂解率、保水力、丸粒种子活性及丸粒种子萌发幼苗的生长状态等方面来评价丸粒化配方效果,进而筛选出柠条种子的最优丸粒化配方。【结果】经过初步筛选,得出A3C3(发芽率88.7%,活力指数33.8,鲜质量7.2 g)、B1C4(发芽率86.7%,发芽指数20.1,活力指数32.3,鲜质量10.9 g)、A2D3(发芽率89.0%,发芽指数19.7,活力指数29.4,鲜质量10.5 g)和B1D1(活力指数28.9,鲜质量9.8 g)为优良丸粒化配方;在初选的基础上添加保水剂后,得出最优丸粒化配方为M4(A3C3+7%保水剂),其平均发芽率91.0%,平均发芽指数22.5,平均活力指数35.9,平均鲜质量4.9 g。其次为配方M7(B1C4+5%保水剂),其平均发芽率90.3%,平均发芽指数21.9,平均活力指数36.0,平均鲜质量4.8 g。第三为配方M11(A2D3+5%保水剂),其平均发芽率92.7%,平均发芽指数22.7,平均活力指数37.4,平均鲜质量4.8 g。【结论】根据发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、幼苗鲜质量以及保水力的测定,结合丸粒化种子外观形态及裂解率,筛选出了最优丸粒化配方,提高了柠条种子播种精准度、出苗率,并促进了幼苗的生长。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.