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1.
A pollen record from Haiyuan section in the southern part of Ningxia revealed a detailed history of vegetation variation and associated climate changes during the period from~13.0 to~7.0 14 C ka BP.A steppe landscape under a moderately dry(and probably cool)condition(~12.7-~12.1 14 C ka BP)was replaced by a coniferous forest dominating the landscape under a generally wet climate from~12.1 to ~11.01 4C ka BP.This generally wet period,corresponding to the European B?lling/All?rod period,can be divided into three stages:a cool and wet stage between~12.1 and~11.4 14 C ka BP,a mild and rela- tively dry stage between~11.4 and~11.2 14 C ka BP,and a mild and wet stage between~11.2 and~11.0 14 C ka BP.The coniferous forest-dominated landscape was then deteriorated into steppe landscape (~11.0-~10.6 14 C ka BP)and further into a desert steppe landscape from~10.6 to~9.8 14 C ka BP,being correspondent to the European Younger Dryas period.After a brief episode of a cool and wet climate (~9.8-~9.6 14 C ka BP),a relatively mild and dry condition prevailed during the early Holocene(~9.6- ~7.6 14 C ka BP)and then a warm and humid climate started the mid-Holocene(~7.6-~7.2 14 C ka BP).  相似文献   

2.
Varve counts with AMS 14 C,137 Cs and 210 Pb dating of sediments(0-900 cm) from Erlongwan Maar Lake,NE China were used to establish a high-resolution chronology series for the late Quaternary.Dry density,total organic carbon(TOC) content,total nitrogen(TN) content,TOC/TN ratios and stable organic carbon isotope(13 C org) ratios were continuously analyzed on this sediment profile.On the basis of lithological characters,sporo-pollen assemblages and geochemical analyses,we identified 6 climate stages within the last 14 ka BP.The time before the Holocene(14-11.4 ka BP) represents a higher-order oscillation climatic transitional period(I).The entire Holocene climate development(from 11.4 ka BP to present) exhibited an increasing temperature trend,although there were cold and warm alternations(II-VI).The periods included were:II(11.4-9.05 ka BP) warm-wet stage,III(9.05-7.4 ka BP) cold and warm fluctuation stage,IV(7.4-4.2 ka BP) smoothly warming climate stage,V(4.2-1.67 ka BP) climate optimum stage,and VI(from 1.67 ka BP to present) cool and drier stage.Each climate stage began with a warming event and ended with an abrupt cooling event.This climate change cycle had unequal time spaces that were progressively shorter over time.Several abrupt climate shifts occurred at about 9.4-9.05,8.5-8.2,7.8-7.4,4.6-4.2,3.7-3.25,2-1.67 and 0.3-0.03 ka BP.Thus,it can be seen that the climate has been warming since 1920 AD,which indicates a new climate stage.  相似文献   

3.
Based on modern pollen studies and reliable chronology of nine AMS 14C dates, a detailed history of vegetation and climate changes during the past 8660 cal. a BP was reconstructed by a high-resolution pollen record from Ugii Nuur in central Mongolia. Poaceae-steppe dominated the study area and the climate was mild and semi-humid before 7800 cal. a BP with a noticeable cool and humid interval at 8350―8250 cal. a BP. Xerophytic plant increased and the climate became warm and dry gradually since 7800 cal. a BP...  相似文献   

4.
Zhang  Yun  Kong  Zhaochen  Ni  Jian  Yan  Shun  Yang  ZhenJing 《科学通报(英文版)》2008,53(7):1049-1061
This paper presents a multi-proxy reconstruction of the climate change in Caotanhu wetland using pollen, phytolith and charcoal records, and the data of loss of ignition (LOI), grain size analysis, and susceptibility. Results reveal that between 4550 and 2500 cal. a BP, a dry climatic condition was not favorable for the accumulation of peat. Since 2500 cal. a BP, the climate became humid and the wetland developed with abundant freshwater aquatic plants, which contributed to peat accumulation. Never-theless, alternate periods of rain and dry climate occurred during that period. Between 2500 and 1810 cal. a BP (550 BC-140 AD), the climate was more humid than at present. A lot of emerged plants, such as Phragmites, Typha and Sparganium, and freshwater green algae grew in the wetland which was sur-rounded by desert-steppe vegetation composed mainly of Chenopodiaceae, Artemisia, Compositae and Thalictrum. However, from 1810 to 1160 cal. a BP (140--790 AD), the water level started to decrease and hydrophyte species reduced greatly, but some Phragmites still grew in the wetland and around it was desert vegetation with high proportion of Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia. Then from 1160 to 650 a BP (790--1300 AD), it entered a period of desert-steppe with abundant mesic and xerophytic plants. And a lot of aquatic plants prevailed in the wetland. Here, what is noticeable is that percentages of arboreal pollen, consisting mainly of Betula and Picea, increased greatly and reached a maximal value of 27.2%, in which, Betula percentages rose to 23.2%. Hence, it is reasonable to conclude that Betula grew in the highland of the wetland, or Picea timberline shifted downward resulting in the increase of percentages of Betula and Picea pollen, which were transported into the wetland by flood or wind. But since 650 cal. a BP, desert vegetation prevailed around the wetland again with dominant Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia, and the climate was similar to modern one. Despite some aquatic plants still growing in the wetland at  相似文献   

5.
Holocene lake deposits of Bosten Lake, southern Xinjiang, China   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
A 9.25-m-long sediment core from Bosten Lake,Xinjiang, provides detailed information about changes in the water budget and biological acticity over the last 8400 cal-endar years. The chronology is constructed from six AMS radiocarbon dates on the terrestrial plant remains. Based onanalyses of TOC, CO3, detrital compounds and biogenic SiO2,lake level fluctuations and periods of remarkably-negative water budget appeared at 8.4-8.2 cal ka, 7.38-7.25 cal ka,5.7-5.5 cal ka, 3.7-3.4 cal ka and 3.3-2.9 cal ka, respec-tively. As they are in-phase with low lake levels at Sumxl Co and Bangong Co in western Tibet Plateau and with paleo-lakes in Inner Mongolia, a climate-induced change to some-what drier and warmer conditions is inferred. A further drop in lake level after 1320 AD of about 200 yr duration may heattributed to a negative water balance prior to the main phase of the Little Ice Age. Deep and stable lake phases of 1500 yr and 1800 yr duration at 7.2-5.7 cal ka and 5.5-3.7cal ka coincide with maximum moisture during the Holocene Megathermai in China. The long term trend towards aridity since about 4.3 cal ka can dearly be recognised. The reduced water budget of Bosten Lake from 640-1200 AD may be attributed to local effects.  相似文献   

6.
A 310-cm-long sediment core, covering the last 10,200 years, was collected from Taro Co on the south- western Tibetan Plateau and analyzed for pollen, grain size and total inorganic carbon content. The pollen data showed that vegetation changed from alpine steppe to alpine meadow during 10,200-8,900 cal a BP, to alpine steppe dominated by Artemisia during 8,900-7,400 cal a BP, to alpine meadow during 7,400-3,300 cal a BP and to alpine steppe after 3,300 cal a BP. Correspondingly, the pollen, grain size and total inorganic carbon content results revealed climatic change in this area over four stages. The initial stage was from 10,200 to 8,900 cal a BP, during which the climate changed from cold-dry to warm-humid. The second stage (8,900-7,400 cal a BP) was characterized by a warm and dry climate. However, at approximately 7,400 cal a BP, the climate began to become cold andhumid, which continued until 3,300 cal a BP. The last stage, from 3,300 cal a BP to present, was characterized as cold and increasingly arid. Climatic events of the early and mid-late Holocene showed that the area was significantly affected by the westerlies. However, the mid-Holocene climate in Taro Co was controlled by the Indian monsoon. The mid-late Holocene depositional environment record of Taro Co was very important to further elaborate the degree of influence by the westerlies or Indian monsoon.  相似文献   

7.
A 5.3 m lake core was drilled in Baahar Nuur Lake in the Ordos Plateau, and measurements of meangrain size, organic δ 13C (δ 13Corg), organic carbon content (TOC), C/N, carbonate content, carbonate δ 13C(δ 13Ccar) and δ 18O (δ 18Ocar) were conducted for retrieving the Holocene chronosequence of climaticchanges based on 15 AMS 14C dates. The record documented four major stages of climate change inthe Ordos Plateau: (IV) a cold and dry condition before ~7.65 14C ka BP; (III) a warm and humid stagebetween ~7.65 and ~5.40 ka BP; (II) a generally drier and cooler climate since ~5.40 ka BP with twohumid events occurring from ~4.70 to ~4.60 ka BP and from ~4.20 to ~3.70 ka BP, and (I) a dry climatecharacterized by complete desiccation of the lake after 3.70 ka BP. Stage III can be further divided intothree sub-stages: (IIIa) a warm and humid episode from ~7.65 to ~6.70 ka BP, (IIIb) a warm and relativelydry episode from ~6.70 to ~6.20 ka BP, and (IIIc) the magthermal and maghumid episode of the Holo-cene from ~6.20 to ~5.40 ka BP.  相似文献   

8.
根据中国西北干旱区巴里坤湖BLK-1剖面沉积物的地化元素分析,采用SPSS因子分析法提取了对沉积环境变化敏感的地化元素和氧化物组分.在R、Q型因子分析的基础上,结合沉积物的硅铁铝率(SiO2/(Al2O3+Fe2O3))、淋失系数(SiO2/(MgO+K2O))、CaO/MgO以及腐殖化度等指标,提取出古气候环境信息.初步研究结果表明:近9.0 cal ka BP以来,巴里坤湖地区气候环境仍以干旱化为主,全新世期间出现过多次不同程度的干湿变化,经历了5个气候阶段:9.0—7.5 cal ka BP期间,气候干旱;7.5—5.8 cal ka BP期间,气候温暖湿润,为研究区全新世最佳适宜期;5.8—3.0 cal ka BP期间,气候干旱;3.0—1.0 cal ka BP期间,气候湿润;1.0—0 cal ka BP期间,气候干旱.  相似文献   

9.
巴汗淖孢粉记录的全新世环境变化   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3  
利用AMS14C测年,分析了鄂尔多斯高原中部巴汗淖湖泊沉积物孢粉,揭示了鄂尔多斯高原全新世植被和气候演化历史:8.696~7.847 kaBP植被以荒漠草原主导,气候寒冷干旱;7.847~7.130 kaBP植被转变为禾草草原,温湿条件得到改善,但区域气候很不稳定;7.130~4.780 kaBP植被演化为疏林草原,气候温暖湿润且稳定;4.780~4.207 kaBP为松-栎混交林,为温暖湿润且稳定的气候最宜期;4.207~3.622 kaBP植被退化为松属一禾草森林草原,气候向十旱化方向发展;3.622 kaBP以来,植被进一步退化为荒漠草原,气候进一步变干.  相似文献   

10.
Based on the diatom analysis the climatic sequence between 11 000 and 6 000 aBP in Angren, southern Tibet is established, i.e. cold period (11 095-9 970 aBP)→temperate period (9 970-9 870 aBP)→Anathermal (9 870-9 770 aBP)→cool-dry period (9 770-8 740 aBP) →super-megathermal (8 740-8 590 aBP)→Megathermal (8 590-5 970 aBP). And the opinion that the reaction of diatom to temperature change is more sensitive than to other ecological factors has been pointed out and certified.  相似文献   

11.
泥炭记录的近2 200年吉林省敦化盆地的气候变化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
根据典型泥炭剖面孢粉图示、粒度分布(纤维含量)、pH、沉积速率、吸湿水、C/ N、有机质含量等指标的综合分析,结合地层特征,研究了2 200 a B.P.以来的晚全新世敦化盆地植被和气候的变化.结果表明:敦化大桥泥炭地是从山地森林演替为草甸,继而经沼泽化形成;周围植被经历了以松林(Pinus)为主的温带山地针叶林,桦(Betula)、榛(Corylus)、胡桃(Juglans)等阔叶树和松林共生的针阔混交林,以榛、鹅耳枥(Carpinus)、松为主的针阔混交林和松、桦为主的针阔混交林之后,渐渐进入现代景观;相应地,该区气候经历了四个时期,即冷干((2 045±70)B.P.)~(2 195±70)a B.P.)、暖湿((1 745±70)a B.P.~(2 045±70)a B.P.)、温湿((705±70)a B.P.~1 745±70)a B.P.)和冷湿(公元1245-1950年)时期.  相似文献   

12.
A typical lake sediment core is obtained from the Chaohu Lake in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,Anhui Province,China.The timing scale is constrained by AMS 14 C dating method.Climate proxies such as pollen and grain size in the core are analyzed to reconstruct the environment changes at this site approximately between 9870 and 2170 cal.a BP.The results indicate that at the research area, the climate in the early-middle Holocene had evolved through 3 stages.From 9870 to 6040 cal.a BP, proxy records show a warm and dry climate with low water levels after the late-glacial period.During this stage,cool and dry events occurred at about 8910 and 6060-6030 cal.a BP.Then,between 6040 and 4860 cal.a BP,the climate was humid and vegetation was more flourishing in the Chaohu Lake Valley.The Holocene Optimum occurred at 5840-5500 cal.a BP in the Chaohu Lake,showing the best condition of water and heat.Elm Decline occurred at the period of 5380-4930 cal.a BP.Since 4860 cal.a BP,the climate was warm and dry through 2170 cal.a BP as shown in both pollen spectrum and grain-size histories.Two obvious dry events occurred in 3760 and 2170 cal.a BP,respectively.At 2170 cal.a BP,the water level of the Chaohu Lake reached the lowest as the lakebed possibly exposed. Such lake sediment observations are consistent with the historical records in this area.  相似文献   

13.
We present a 550-year ice-core pollen record with a 5-year resolution from the Puruogangri ice field in the central Tibetan Plateau.Analysis of the relationship between pollen record and instrumental observations suggests that the sum of the steppe and meadow pollen taxa is a good indicator of summer (June-August) temperature,whereas the ratios of Cyperaceae/(Gramineae+Artemisia) [Cy/(G+A)] as well as M/S (meadow to steppe percentages) are indicative of humidity changes in this region.Together with δ18O and...  相似文献   

14.
A 380-cm-long sediment core was acquired from the deep water area of Pumoyum Co, southern Tibet. Twenty-five plant residue samples were selected, and organic carbon stable isotopes were obtained using the AMS 14C chronological method. The 14C age and carbon reservoir effect were calibrated with surface sedimentation rate measurements using 210Pb dating. Results showed that the core sediment deposited over 19 cal ka BP. Based on a multi-proxy analysis of TOC and IC contents, grain size and pollen assemblage data, the palaeoclimatic evolution of Pumoyum Co was reconstructed since the last glacial. Pumoyum Co was a shallow lake prior to 16.2 cal ka BP; although the glacier around the lake began to melt due to increasing temperatures, climate was still cold and dry. In the interval of 16.2–11.8 cal ka BP, the sedimentary environment fluctuated drastically and frequently. Two cold-events occurred at 14.2 and 11.8 cal ka BP, and these may correspond to the Older Dryas and the Younger Dryas events, respectively. After 11.8 cal ka BP, Pumoyun Co developed into the deep lake as it is now. The lake water temperature was relatively lower at that time because of influx of cold water from glacial meltwater entering the lake. As a result, the multi-proxy indicators showed no sign of warm conditions. Comparisons between the sedimentary record of Pumoyum Co with that of other lakes of the same age in southern Tibet indicate a warmer climate following the last deglaciation influenced the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. These results imply that the southwest Asian monsoon gradually became stronger since the deglaciation during its expansion to the inner plateau. The glacial-supplied water of the lake responded sensitively to cold-events. The entire southern Tibet region was dominantly influenced climatically by the southwest Asian monsoon during the Holocene.  相似文献   

15.
利用新一代卫星遥感数据TERRA/MODIS,结合地面20个气象台站提供的数据,以北疆地区为研究区域,分析了温性草原、低地草甸、山地草甸、温性草甸草原、温性荒漠草原和温性荒漠6种代表性草地植被指数的时空变化特征.以2004,2005年4~10月的月度变化为例,研究了不同草地类型在各个生长阶段植被指数的变化和草地的生长状况.研究结果表明,EVI对植被变化的敏感性要强于NDVI的,但是在植被生长状况较好的草地,NDVI比EVI更稳定.植被盖度比较好的草地类型(如温性草甸草原、山地草甸)的植被指数与温度和降水都表现出很强的相关性,但植被稀疏的草地(如温性荒漠、温性荒漠草原)的植被指数与温度的相关性比较弱,与降水的关系更弱.  相似文献   

16.
建立合理的经验模型对地面植被生物量进行遥感监测是可行的方法.利用遥感影像获得的植被指数和实地得到的生物量做回归统计分析,得到近似的地面生物量估算模型,这种模型的合理性取决于数据处理的水平和样本数据的大小.任何模型在具体应用时都需要根据实际情况进行改进,生物量估算模型更是如此.该文首先说明了回归分析的理论依据和适用条件;然后基于大量的实地测量数据,选取了若干种植被指数,分别进行了植被指数与生物量的线性和非线性回归分析,结果表明,非线性回归得到的结果更优.但是不同于以往的是,该文从统计学的角度对这种结果做了进一步说明,指出这种分析的局限性,说明了模型的适用条件,希望结果能为比较准确地实施遥感监测和湿地调查提供参考。  相似文献   

17.
Pollen records with an average time resolution of 20-200 years from Holocene loess sections at Dingxi, Qin'an, and other localities of Gansu Province reveal a detailed history of vegetation and climate changes in the western Loess Plateau. For most time of the Holocene, the landscape was dominated by grasslands or forest steppes. However, during the middle Holocene (7.5-5.8 ka BP), relatively dense forests developed, and the endemic vegetation flourished, suggesting a much warmer and more humid climate condition than the present. Superimposed upon this general pattern are several dry intervals marked by the episodic expansion of grasslands or forest steppe. Xeric vegetation expanded after 3.8 ka BP, indicating a trend towards dry conditions.  相似文献   

18.
Pollen records with an average time resolution of 20—200 years from Holocene loess sections at Dingxi, Qin'An, and other localities of Gansu Province reveal a detailed history of vegetation and climate changes in the western Loess Plateau. For most time of the Holocene, the landscape was dominated by grasslands or forest steppes. However, during the middle Holocene (7.5—5.8 ka BP), relatively dense forests developed, and the endemic vegetation flourished, suggesting a much warmer and more humid climate condition than the present. Superimposed upon this general pattern are several dry intervals marked by the episodic expansion of grasslands or forest steppe. Xeric vegetation expanded after 3.8 ka BP, indicating a trend towards dry conditions.  相似文献   

19.
A peat core with depths of 297 cm was obtained from the Dajiuhu Basin(31°29′27″N,109°59′45″E,1760 m)in Hubei Province,Central China.10 AMS ages provide a time control and reveal that this core spans the past about 16.0 kaBP(calibrated age)(1 4C age:13.3 kaBP).Multi-proxy indexes analysis of geochemistry shows the following character of climate and environmental changes since about 16 kaBP:(1) The climate during the late-glacial period was cold and wet as a whole,but fluctuated continually.11.4- 12.6 cal.kaBP,12.6-15.2 cal.kaBP and 15.2-16 kaBP were corresponding respectively to the Younger Drays,Bφlling-Allerφd Warm Period and the Oldest Drays.(2)Inheriting the some climate characteristics of the late-glacial,the climate during the early-Holocene was wet and temperature increased gradually,during which an obvious dry event around 10.6 cal.kaB appeared.(3)The climate during the mid-Holocene was genarally warm and wet.During 9.2-7.5 kaBP,temperature increased gradually, precipitation was less comparatively and the 8.2 kaBP cold event which might be representative in the globe was reflected markedly.Then,multi-proxy records were relatively stable during 6.7-4.2 kaBP, which shows the best water and thermal condition in the Holocene Optimum.(4)Around 4.2 kaBP,the climate and environment transform from warm and wet to cool and dry,which may result in the collapse of the Neolithic Culture and midwifery the civilization of Xia Dynasty in this region.After 0.9 kaBP,the climate turned cool and wet.Climate and environmental changes archived in Dajiuhu peat respond to the global changes since the late-glacial period and can be contrasted to the changes recorded in other high-resolution archives from the East Asia Monsoon region,which take on the variety model that the monsoon strengthened abruptly after the late-glacial,was strong during the early Holocene,subse- quently declined and became weak after the middle Holocene with dry climate.According to our analysis,the driving mechanism should be the response of s  相似文献   

20.
With a total area of 36000 km2, the Tengger Desert is the fourth largest desert in China. The Qilian Mountains demarcate the southwestern boundary of the desert andthe Helan Mountain on the east separates the desert from the Mo Us Desert. The Yabulai Mountain on thenorthwest borders the Tengger Desert and the BadainJaran Desert and the Loess Plateau touch its southern tip (Fig. 1). Climatically, the area is situated at the junction of the hyper-arid northwest, the arid to semi-arid sou…  相似文献   

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