谈马克思主义哲学的本体论问题及其当代意义

对本体论的追问是哲学的重要内容之一。马克思主义对传统的形而上学本体论进行了批判,那么,马克思主义哲学有没有本体论呢？如果有,他的本体论是什么？该文介绍了当今国内主要的关于这个问题的观点。     

新儒家:李泽厚主体性实践哲学要素分析

本认为新儒家是李泽厚主体性实践哲学的又一要素，儒家思想为李泽厚主体性实践哲学的审美本体论立场提供了有力的支撑，根本原因在于以儒家为代表的中国古典哲学深厚的主观主义内省直觉思维传统、审美本体论是李泽厚的对儒家思想的独特发扬，但李泽厚的儒家立场又是极有限度的。     

如何在西方哲学语境中做中国哲学：以儒学研究为例

在西方哲学背景中研究中国哲学，其核心问题是西方哲学家为什么要关心中国哲学，或者能够从中国哲学中学到什么东西。因此从事这种研究的学者所要做的就不能是简单地比较中西哲学的异同，指出各自的优劣，而应该首先对西方哲学家所关心的问题及其代表性的观点，以及这些观点可能存在的问题有所了解，并在此基础上看中国传统哲学在这些问题上是否有比西方哲学更好的观点。由于这种研究属于比较研究，在转向这种研究方法之前首先要讨论一般意义上的比较哲学的可能性。     

论中国哲学本体论的近代转向

中国传统本体论是价值型的，近代思想家们通过学习、吸收西方近代自然科学的相关成果，使其逐步向存在型本体论转交。康有为、谭嗣同使宇宙观由生成论上升到本体论高度；严复将本体论由变易形态推进到进化形态；早年的章太炎又提出了“阿屯”说；直到孙中山的进化本体论，中国哲学本体论基本上完成了其近代转向。     

马克思哲学变革及其意义

西方传统哲学是一种本体论的思维方式,而马克思实践思维方式的确立,从根本上变革了本体论的思维方式,使哲学的历史发生了一个根本性的转向,就是由传统哲学那种对绝对化的本体的追求,转向对现实的人及有人参与的实践活动的探索,这是从传统哲学向现代哲学的转向,马克思因此成为现代哲学的奠基者之一。     

本体论及中国哲学的特质

要真正理解中国哲学，可以从争议很大的本体论问题着手。对于本体和本体论的理解，涉及到中西哲学特质的比较和把握，也涉及到本体论和哲学发展的命运。在“对自身合理性存在的终极依据的探求”这一共同思路下，中西哲学又表现出极其不同的特征。     

王弼其人其学

王弼是魏晋玄学阵营中卓然超群的人物，是中国哲学史上超一流的哲学家。在其短暂的一生中，著述颇丰。从王弼的思想体系建构过程看，他找到了一条综合儒道关系的途径和方法，突破了汉代的学术传统，构筑了一个自具系统的经典解释方法论体系。他通过重新解释《老子》和《周易》，从本体论的高层次解决了有与无、自然与名教的关系，完成了融合儒道思想、从中阐发出新的本体论哲学并使之发挥应有作用的艰巨任务。     

哲学本体论的逻辑转向

西方哲学在探究世界本体的过程中，是由最初把感性中的具体的认定转向到理性抽象的东西的认定，把普遍概念作为世界之本体。现代西方人本主义哲学思潮又从抽象的理性转向现实的存在来研究世界之本体。马克思主义哲学本体论则实现了探究本体论问题的伟大转向。马克思主义哲学本体论的方法论给我们进一步探究本体论问题指明了道路。     

塞尔生物学自然主义的心—身理论批判

塞尔的心灵哲学提出了一种与众不同的生物学自然主义心—身理论,试图在传统的本体论论域中解决心身关系问题。但是塞尔为自己的理论提出的论证却问题重重,其核心困难在于,塞尔对心身问题的本体论断言没有可靠的认识论论证支持。因此,塞尔的生物学自然主义有待进一步完善。     

浅论孔子中庸思想的蕴涵及现代意义

孔子的“中庸”思想作为重要的哲学范畴，在中国哲学史上有着举足轻重的地位。经历代儒家的诠释，中庸思想变成为一个包含本体论、认识论和方法论的道德哲学体系，形成了具有我国特色的哲学传统。对现代的道德建设、市场经济建设以及和谐社会的构建有着极其重要的启示和教育意义。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the