原位TiC颗粒弥散强化普碳钢的磨损性能

研究了在磨粒磨损条件和不同载荷的油磨条件下,原位合成TiC弥散强化不同碳含量的普碳钢的磨损性能.结果表明,运用原位合成工艺可以制备出微米级的TiC颗粒弥散强化普碳钢,TiC颗粒在强化钢中分布均匀,与基体结合良好.加入TiC后,碳质量分数为0.55%和0.8%的普碳钢在油润滑磨损条件下耐磨性得到了很大的提高.当载荷为150 N时,TiC弥散强化钢的耐磨性能比相应的基体钢提高了近一个数量级,但随着载荷的加大,TiC颗粒对抗磨损的改善作用减弱.在碳质量分数大于1.0%的高碳钢中,引入TiC对材料性能的改善作用不如含碳量较低的碳钢显著.在以刚玉轮为摩擦副的磨粒磨损条件下,含碳质量分数为0.55%和0.8%的TiC弥散强化钢的耐磨性能比相应的基体钢分别提高了大约100%和50%.然而对碳质量分数为1.4%普碳钢,TiC的引入对耐磨损性能没有显著的改善作用.     

TiC强化Cr12MoV基复合材料的组织和性能分析

用原位合成铸造法制备了TiC弥散强化Cr1 2MoV钢基复合材料 ,对材料的制备工艺、力学性能及微观组织进行了系统的研究 .试验结果表明 ,用原位合成铸造法制备TiC颗粒增强钢基复合材料的工艺具有可行性 ,且易于实现工业化生产 .TiC颗粒在基体中分布均匀 ,形状呈块状和球状 ,分布在晶内和晶界上 .颗粒与基体结合良好 ,且无团聚现象 .引入TiC后材料的室温和高温强度比基体材料的强度均有提高 ,说明TiC颗粒起了良好的强化效果 .金属基体与高耐磨性的增强粒子相结合 ,使复合材料获得了优异的耐磨性能 .在提高材料的强度、耐磨性、抗热疲劳性能的同时 ,TiC的加入也使材料的塑性和韧性有一定程度的下降     

放电等离子烧结合成TiC/TiB_2颗粒增强的超细晶钛基复合材料

采用放电等离子烧结技术结合非晶晶化法制备了不同体积分数的TiC/TiB2颗粒增强的超细晶钛基复合材料.运用X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微镜和万能材料试验机等实验手段,对合成的超细晶钛基复合材料进行测试分析.结果表明：随着外加TiC/TiB2颗粒的增加,钛基复合材料试样的致密度逐渐降低.TiC颗粒与基体不发生反应,而TiB2颗粒的加入改变了TiB2颗粒与基体界面的组织形貌,但对远离界面处的基体组织形貌没有影响,其组织均由-Ti（Nb）相和（Cu,Ni）-Ti2相组成,且-Ti（Nb）相连续分布.同时,TiC颗粒的增强效果优于TiB2颗粒,35vol.%（体积分数）TiC颗粒增强的复合材料试样的断裂强度最高,达2209MPa.     

TiC强化Crl2MoV基复合材料的组织和性能分析

用原位合成铸造法制备了TiC弥散强化Crl2MoV钢基复合材料，对材料的制备工艺、力学性能及微观组织进行了系统的研究．试验结果表明，用原位合成铸造法制备TiC颗粒增强钢基复合材料的工艺具有可行性，且易于实现工业化生产．TiC颗粒在基体中分布均匀，形状呈块状和球状，分布在晶内和晶界上．颗粒与基体结合良好，且无团聚现象．引入TiC后材料的室温和高温强度比基体材料的强度均有提高，说明TiC颗粒起了良好的强化效果．金属基体与高耐磨性的增强粒子相结合，使复合材料获得了优异的耐磨性能．在提高材料的强度、耐磨性、抗热疲劳性能的同时，TiC的加入也使材料的塑性和韧性有一定程度的下降．     

TiC颗粒增强铜镍基复合材料及磨损性

为研究TiC颗粒质量分数变化对铜镍基复合材料磨损性能的影响,利用粉末冶金制备了不同TiC质量分数的铜镍基复合材料,用X射线衍射仪、维氏显微硬度计、ML-10摩擦磨损机、扫描电镜测试了样品的物相、显微硬度、磨损性、表面形貌.结果表明:随TiC质量分数的增加,样品的硬度逐渐增大.试样的耐磨性随TiC质量分数的增加而增大,TiC的质量分数为24%的样品具有良好耐磨性.在润滑油下,试样的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损.     

反应等离子喷涂制备原位TiC颗粒增强Fe基金属陶瓷涂层

以钛铁粉、铁粉和蔗糖(碳的前驱体)为原料,采用前驱体热分解复合技术制备了Fe-Ti-C系反应热喷涂粉末,并通过普通等离子喷涂技术原位合成并沉积了TiC/Fe金属陶瓷复合涂层.利用XRD、SEM和EDS研究了喷涂粉末和复合涂层的相组成和显微结构.结果表明:前驱体热分解复合技术制备的Fe-Ti-C反应喷涂粉末粒径均匀,原料粉末颗粒间的结合强度高;所制备的TiC/Fe复合涂层主要由不同含量TiC颗粒分布于金属Fe基体内部而形成的复合片层叠加而成;TiC颗粒大致呈球形,粒径呈纳米级;TiC理论质量分数53%的TiC/Fe金属陶瓷涂层的耐磨粒磨损性能较好,SRV磨损实验中涂层的磨损面积为基体(45钢)的1/25左右.     

离子注入对Cr4Mo4V轴承钢摩擦学性能的影响

在Cr4Mo4V轴承钢表面等离子体浸没注入(PIII)了氮离子(N+)、类金刚石(DLC)、碳化钛(TiC),测量了处理前后试样表面的显微硬度,在干摩擦条件下进行了与Si3N4陶瓷球对磨的摩擦学实验,通过光学显微镜观察了磨损表面形貌,分析了磨损机理。结果表明:离子注入后显微硬度明显增大,注入TiC的试样增幅最大,达到54.7%;注入TiC的试样摩擦系数下降到约0.2,最小磨痕宽度减小了50%;未处理和注入N+试样的磨损机理主要以粘着磨损为主,但注入N+试样磨损程度有所减轻;注入DLC和TiC的试样主要磨损机理以疲劳磨损为主;离子注入TiC表面改性的表面综合性能最好,其次为注入DLC、注入N+。     

纳米SiC颗粒强化AA6061的磨粒磨损行为

实验制备了纳米SiC颗粒强化AA6061基材料,并考察了其微观组织、硬度及磨损性能.结果表明:在20 N载荷下,强化试样的磨损率及摩擦系数均低于AA6061基体,其中0.6%SiC/AA6061复合材料的磨损率较基体降低50%.这主要是由于SiC颗粒自身良好的载荷承载能力,加之增强颗粒/基体间界面良好的结合,使SiC颗粒的添加提高了复合材料的磨损抗力.同时,促进了富铁机械转移层的形成,降低了摩擦系数和磨损率.AA6061基体和强化材料在20 N载荷下的磨损机制均为磨粒磨损.     

原位合成TiC/Ni40钢结硬质合金组织与性能研究

以钛铁粉、铬铁粉、铁粉、镍粉和胶体石墨等为原料,原位合成了TiC/自熔合金Ni40钢结硬质合金,并用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪和洛氏硬度计等对所制备的试样进行了组织结构和硬度分析.研究结果表明所合成的钢结硬质合金主要相组成为TiC和Fe-Cr-Ni固熔体,所合成的硬质相TiC颗粒细小,随烧结温度升高TiC颗粒略有长大.原位合成TiC/Ni40钢结硬质合金的密度和硬度则因烧结温度和硬质相TiC的含量不同而有所不同.原位合成TiC/Ni40钢结硬质合金的密度在5.35～5.96×103 kg/m3之间,硬度在HRC58.5～70.5之间.     

原位合成TiC-TiB_2复合涂层的组织结构及耐磨性

以Ti粉、B4C粉和Fe粉为原料,利用氩弧熔敷技术在Q235钢基体表面制备出以TiC和TiB2颗粒为增强相的原位自生金属基复合涂层.利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、显微硬度计和滑动磨损试验机对复合涂层的显微组织、硬度和耐磨性进行了研究.实验结果表明:涂层与基体呈冶金结合,无裂纹、气孔等缺陷;氩弧熔敷层组织是由弥散分布的TiC、TiB2颗粒和α-Fe基体组成,TiC呈八面体或花瓣枝晶状,TiB2呈六边形或棒状.涂层中随着B4c质量分数的增加,TiB2由短棒状或六边形变为棒状,TiC的质量分数也随之增加.具有较多棒状TiB2的涂层,其硬度最高、摩擦系数最小,耐磨损性能最好.     

TiC/ZA43复合材料耐磨性能的试验研究

采用原位接触反应法制备了ＴｉＣ／ＺＡ４３复合材料,并对其在干摩擦和预先滴油润滑条件下的摩擦摩损性能进行了试验研究,同时还用扫描电子显微镜对试样磨损表面形貌进行了观察,进而对材料的磨损机理作为分析与讨论,结果表明,随着ＴｉＣ质量分数的增大,ＴｉＣ／ＺＡ４３复合材料的耐磨性能提高,ＺＡ４３合金的磨损机理是以严重的犁削和磨损为主,而ＴｉＣ／ＺＡ４３复各材料的磨损机理则以轻微的犁削和氧化磨损为主。     

Microstructure and high-temperature wear properties of in situ TiC composite coatings by plasma transferred arc surface alloying on gray cast iron

In this work, an in situ synthesized TiC-reinforced metal matrix composite (MMC) coating of approximately 350–400μm thick-ness was fabricated on a gray cast iron (GCI) substrate by plasma transferred arc (PTA) surface alloying of Ti–Fe alloy powder. Microhard-ness tests showed that the surface hardness increased approximately four-fold after the alloying treatment. The microstructure of the MMC coating was mainly composed of residual austenite, acicular martensite, and eutectic ledeburite. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction analyzes revealed that the in situ TiC particles, which were formed by direct reaction of Ti with carbon originally contained in the GCI, was uniformly distributed at the boundary of residual austenite in the alloying zone. Pin-on-disc high-temperature wear tests were performed on samples both with and without the MMC coating at room temperature and at elevated temperatures (473 K and 623 K), and the wear behavior and mechanism were investigated. The results showed that, after the PTA alloying treatment, the wear resistance of the sam-ples improved significantly. On the basis of our analysis of the composite coatings by optical microscopy, SEM with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and microhardness measurements, we attributed this improvement of wear resistance to the transformation of the microstruc-ture and to the presence of TiC particles.     

TiC增强Fe3Al基复合材料的显微组织与力学性能

运用原位合成反应工艺制备了TiC颗粒增强Fe3Al基复合材料 .显微分析研究表明 ,在Fe3Al中引入TiC颗粒 ,可以有效地细化材料的显微组织 ,从而改善材料的热变形加工工艺性能 .TiC增强体不仅本身具有很高的热稳定性 ,而且也大幅度提高了复合材料的热稳定性 .对复合材料进行的一系列性能测试结果显示 ,在Fe3Al中加入TiC颗粒后 ,材料的室温和高温强度和抗蠕变性能得到显著提高 ,但是在一定程度上降低了材料的室温塑性     

CeO2对原位自生Al2O3-TiCP/Al基复合材料组织结构的影响

利用Al-TiO2-C体系熔铸法制备含稀土CeO2原位自生Al2O3-TiCP/Al基复合材料.借助差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)等测试技术,对Al-TiO2-C体系的组织结构进行了详尽的分析,讨论了对稀土CeO2铝对Al2O3-TiCP/Al基复合材料的影响规律.实验结果表明,稀土CeO2的加入可改善陶瓷颗粒Al2O3和TiC与熔体的润湿性,而且有效的细化和净化了组织,降低了反应温度.稀土CeO2添加剂含量为0.5%时利用熔铸法制备的复合材料中原位形成的Al2O3,TiC颗粒尺寸较小,分布均匀.     

原位合成TiC／Ti复合材料的微结构和力学性能

利用钛与碳之间的反应,经非自耗电弧溶炼工艺,简洁,低成本地制备了TiC增强的钛基复合材料,借助光学金相为微镜和透射电镜分析了复合材料的微结构,测定了原位合成钛基复合材料的力学性能和硬度值,结果表明,原位合成增强体TiC均匀地分布在基体钛合金中,增强体主要呈树枝晶状和等轴,近似等轴状,由于增强体TiC与基体合金的热膨胀系数存在较大的差异,在基体钛合金中形成同密度的位错,增强体与基体界面洁净,没有任何界面反应,复合材料的力学性能和硬度与基体钛合金比较有了明显的提高,铝元素的加入,不仅固溶强化了基体钛合金,同时使增强体更为细小,也有利于提高复合材料的性能。     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In situ</Emphasis> synthesis of TiC reinforced Cu<Subscript>47</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>34</Subscript>Zr<Subscript>11</Subscript>Ni<Subscript>8</Subscript> bulk metallic glass composites

In situ synthesized TiC particles and β-Ti dendrites reinforced Cu47Ti34Zr11Ni8 bulk metallic glass (BMG) composite ingots were prepared by the suction casting method.The ingots with diameters from 1 up to 4mm were successfully obtained. It was shown that introducing TiC micro-sized particles into the amorphous matrix did not disturb the glass forming ability (GFA) of the matrix,while the yield strength and ductility could be well improved.The phase constitution, microstructure and elements distribution in the composites were studied by OM, XRD, SEM and EDS.It was shown that the in situ synthesized TiC particles acting as heterogeneous nucleation sites promoted the precipitation of β-Ti dendrites, resulting in the formation of the TiC particles and β-Ti dendrites co-reinforced BMG composites. The compressive tests were employed to probe the yield strength and ductility of BMG composites.     

TiC/Fe cermet coating by plasma cladding using asphalt as a carbonaceous precursor

A new Ti-Fe-C compound powder for plasma cladding was prepared by heating a mixture powder of ferrotitanium and asphalt pyro-lyzed as a carbonaceous precursor. The carbon by the pyrolysis of the asphalt acts as a reactive constituent as well as a binder in the compound powder. The TiC/Fe cermet coatings were prepared by plasma cladding with the compound powder. Results show that the Ti-Fe-C compound powder has a very tight structure, which can avoid the problem of the reactive constituent particles being separated during cladding. The TiC/Fe cermet coating presents a typical morphology of plasma cladding coatings with two different laminated layers: one is the composite layer in which the round fine TiC particles (<500 nm) are dispersed within a Fe matrix, the other is the paragentic layer of TiC and Ti2O3. The coating shows high hardness and excellent wear resistance. The surface hardness of the coating is 68 ± 5(HR30N). In the same fretting conditions, the wear area of Ni60 coating is about 11 times as much as the TiC/Fe cermet coating.     

TiC/Fe cermet coating by plasma cladding using asphalt as carbonaceous precursor

A new Ti-Fe-C compound powder for plasma cladding was prepared by heating a mixture powder of ferrotitanium and asphalt pyrolyzed as carbonaceous precursor. The carbon by the pyrolysis of the asphalt acts as a reactive constituent as well as a binder in the compound powder. TiC/Fe cermet coatings were prepared by plasma cladding with the compound powder. Results show that the Ti-Fe-C compound powder has a very tight structure, which can avoid the problem that reactive constituent particles are separated during cladding. The TiC/Fe cermet coating presents a typical morphology of plasma cladding coatings with two different laminated layers: one is the composite layers in which the round fine TiC particles (<500nm) are dispersed within a Fe matrix, the other is the paragentic layers of TiC and Ti₂O₃. The coating shows high hardness and excellent wear resistance. The surface hardness of the coating is 68±5(HR30N). In the same fretting conditions, the wear area of Ni60 coating is about 11 times as much as the TiC/Fe cermet coating.     

TiC/TiAl复合材料微观结构观察及强韧化机理分析

采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术，制备了质量分数为10％的TiC／TiAl复合材料，从微观结构上研究了TiC颗粒对TiAl基体材料力学性能的影响。实验结果表明：在TiC，TiAl复合材料中TiC颗粒主要分布于晶界，少量进入基体晶粒的内部，形成晶内型结构；TiC颗粒的引入细化基体晶粒的尺寸，有效地阻碍材料内部裂纹扩展，引起裂纹偏转，增加其扩展路径，改善材料的韧性，同时在晶界和晶内形成了一系列位错。位错强化与细晶强化是主要的强化机制，TiC／TiAl复合材料韧性的提高主要源于TiC粒子对裂纹的偏转。