α法与γ法测定210Pb活度的对比

选取1987~2005年国际原子能机构11个国际比对样品的210Pb测量结果,根据测试方法分为α法与γ法两组进行对比研究,运用线性回归法分析两种方法测试结果的一致性,对同一种方法不同实验室间的一致性程度进行比较,并对两种方法的有效率及使用率进行对比分析,同时,探讨了影响其结果的因素.结果显示：运用α法与γ法分析210Pb的平均值较一致,两者呈较强的线性相关性,但同一种方法不同实验室间的一致性程度较低;α法在测试有效率与稳定性方面比γ法要好,但使用γ法的实验室却逐年增多;样品 210Pb活度越低,实验室间的一致性程度越差,且γ法尤为明显.基于此,建议实验室应加强质量控制,并积极参与国际和国内外实验室间比对,以提高样品210Pb的分析质量及不同实验室间的可比性.     

^7Be and ^210pb radioactivity and implications on sources of surface ozone at Mt. Waliguan

Beryllium-7 (^7Be) and lead-210 (^210Pb) radioactivity in aerosols collected, from October 2002 to January 2004 at Mt. Waliguan, by the Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW) Station, Qinghai Province is presented. The data were analyzed together with simultaneously measured surface ozone concentrations. We found that short time variations of ^7Be and ^210Pb were linked to alternations of synoptic weather around the Mt. Waliguan region. ^210Pb showed the lowest concentration in summer while ^7Be showed no obvious seasonal changes. Relatively high ^7Be and ^210Pb radioactivity was observed at Mt. Waliguan when compared with the observations at other mountain sites in other parts of the world. Surface ozone and ^7Be showed a consistent seasonal variation. Surface ozone correlated fairly well with ^7Be/^210Pb ratio. This suggested that vertical transport from higher altitudes of the atmosphere has predominant effects on the budget of surface ozone at Mt. Waliguan.     

Export and remineralization of POM in the Southern Ocean and the South China Sea estimated from ~(210)Po/~(210)Pb disequilibria

Disequilibria between 210Po and 210Pb in the upper water and their potential applications as a proxy of particle export and remineralization were examined in the Southern Ocean (station IV3) and the South China Sea (NS44). 210Po was deficit in surface waters but excessive relative to 210Pb in subsurface waters. Good positive correlation between 210Po and particulate organic carbon (POC) indicated deficits and excess of 210Po resulted from particulate organic matter (POM) export and remineralization respecti...     

流态化还原大洋多金属结核

对大洋多金属结核进行可浸性研究,以CO和N2混合气体作为还原气体和流体介质进行流态化还原焙烧实验,考察还原温度、还原时间以及还原气氛等参数对多金属浸出率的影响,通过实验确定焙烧温度为700~850 ℃、焙烧时间为10 min以及CO体积浓度为20 %时,多金属结核中各有价金属的浸出率均可达95 %以上,表明大洋多金属结核在流化床中可获得较好的还原效果。     

吉林省磐石市小红石砬子铅锌块状硫化物矿床的特征及意义

磐石市小红石砬子银铅锌多金属矿区处在磐石—永吉—双阳海西期花岗岩与石炭系碳酸岩建造的外接触带,产在中生代北西向线性火山断陷盆地内,位于海西晚期近圆形的火山穹隆构造南东部,属于块状硫化物型银铅锌多金属矿床;通过对该矿床地质特征的描述,区域分布规律及其成矿机理的探讨,为吉中地区寻找类似矿床打开了思路。     

两种分析溶液介质中ICP-MS测定大洋多金属结核中多种元素的比较

两个多金属结核标准物质（GSPN－2和GSPN－3）经HF－HNO3－HCl消解后，分别制成介质为2％HCl和2％HNO3的分析溶液。用相应介质的标准工作溶液分别绘制校准曲线，在相同最佳化仪器操作参数下应用ICP－MS测定了GSPN－2和GSPN－3中元素的含量。结果发现，对GSPN－2和GSPN－3，采用2％HNO3介质分析溶液时所研究的27种元素（Ba、Ce、Co、Cu、Dy、Er、Eu、Gd、Ho、La、Li、Lu、Mo、Nd、Pr、Sb、Sc、Sm、Tb、Th、Tm、U、V、W、Y、Yb和Zn)都胡准确测定；但是，采用2％HCl介质分析溶液中，在这27种元素中只有18种元素（Ba、Ce、Dy、Er、Eu、Gd、La、Li、Mo、Nd、Pr、Sb、Sm、U、W、Y、Yb和Zn)能准确测定。可见，用HF－HNO3－HCl消解并转换为硝酸介质分析溶液的样品处理方法，更适用于ICP－MS分析大洋多金属结核样品。     

无类囊体蓝藻Gloeobacter violaceus基于广宿主质粒的遗传转移系统

无类囊体蓝藻Gloeobacter violaceus的细胞有厚胶质鞘包裹并形成群体,难以进行遗传操作.用注射器反复吸打的方法将胶质鞘剥落,得到大量单个细胞,通过接合转移将外源广宿主质粒pKT210转入G.violaceus.用斑点杂交方法以及对质粒进行酶切图谱分析,均证实外源质粒pKT210确已导入G.violaceus并稳定复制,未发生结构上的变化.从G.violaceus提取的pKT210可转化mcr和mrr基因缺陷的大肠杆菌DH10B却不能转化mcr+mrr+菌株DH5a,表明G.vio-laceus中可能存在甲基化酶系统.