长焦距Si微透镜阵列的制作及点扩散函数测量

针对用常规光刻热熔法制作折射型微透镜阵列的过程中,临界角效应严重制约了长焦距微透镜阵列制作问题,提出了曲率补偿法;在经过常规光刻热熔成形和离子束刻蚀技术制成的硅微透镜阵列上再涂敷几层光刻胶,以降低各单元微透镜的曲率,然后再次进行加热固化和离子束刻蚀。扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）显示微透镜阵列为表面极为平缓的方底拱面阵列,表面探针测试结果显示用补偿刻蚀法制作的微透镜的物方Ｆ数和像方Ｆ‘数分别可达到４９．     

用于强功率半导体激光器的石英柱微透镜阵列

采用光刻热熔法及离子束溅射刻蚀制作面阵石英柱微透镜阵列．表面探针和扫描电子显微镜的测试表明,在不同的工艺条件下制成的柱微透镜的表面轮廓具有明显的差异,给出了描述柱微透镜制作过程中的几个重要工艺参量的拟合关系式．     

用于强功率半导体激光器的石英柱微透镜阵列

采用光刻热熔法及离子束溅射刻蚀制作面阵石英柱微透镜阵列,表面探针和扫描电子显微镜的测试表明,在不同的工艺条件下制成的柱微透镜的表面轮廓具有明显的差异,给出了描述柱微透镜制作 过程中的几个重要参量的拟合关系式。     

微光学阵列元件离子束刻蚀制作的分析与讨论

阐述了利用离子束刻蚀技术制作微光学阵列元件的工艺条件．研究和实验结果表明,通过光刻热熔法制作的光致抗蚀剂掩模图形经具有不同能量的离子束刻蚀后可以有效地实现向衬底材料上所作的选择性转移,所作的理论分析结果为非球面微光学阵列元件的制作提供了一条可行的技术途径．     

微光学阵列元件离子束刻蚀制作的分析与讨论

阐述了利用离子束刻蚀技术制作微光学阵列元件的工艺条件,研究和实验结果表明,通过光刻热熔法制作的光致抗蚀剂掩模图形经具有不同能量的离子束刻蚀后可以有效地现役中衬底材料上所作的选择性转移,所作的理论分析结果为非球面微光学阵列元件的制作提供了一条可行的技术途径。     

氩离子束刻蚀制作大面阵微透镜阵列

对制作大面阵微透镜阵列的氩离子束刻蚀技术进行了讨论和分析．实验结果表明,衬底材料不同时,制作表面形貌良好并具有预定参数指标要求的微透镜阵列的工艺条件有明显的差异,给出了在几种衬底材料上刻蚀制作面阵微透镜阵列的离子束刻蚀速率与离子束能量之间相互关系的实测结果．     

氩离子束刻蚀制作大面阵微透镜阵列

对制作大面阵微透镜阵列的氩离子束刻蚀技术进行了讨论和分析。实验结果表明,衬底材料不同时,制作 表面形貌良好并具有预定参数指标要求的微透镜阵列的工艺条件有明显的差异,给出了在几种衬底材料上刻蚀制作 面阵微透镜列的离子束刻蚀速率束能量之间相互关系的实测结果。     

微透镜阵列的离子束溅射刻蚀研究

微透镜阵列的离子束溅射刻蚀研究张新宇易新建赵兴荣麦志洪何苗（华中理工大学光电子工程系武汉４３００７４）刘鲁勤（航天部二院２５所北京１００５８４）利用扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）和表面探针测试，分析了采用离子束溅射刻蚀技术所制作的石英微透镜阵列器件的表面微...     

用于红外焦平面的微透镜阵列单片制备技术

提出了离子束刻蚀制备微透镜阵列的工艺原理；研究了球面型光致抗蚀剂掩膜的形成过程以及硅微透镜离子束刻蚀的实验条件．表面探针测量及扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）实验证明了该技术可在较低的衬底温度下（低于２００℃）有效地制备出球面型微透镜，并用表面探针测量确定了硅微透镜的尺寸．     

DMD并行光刻制作微透镜阵列提高有机发光二极管的耦合效率

分析了半球形微透镜阵列提高有机发光二极管耦合效率的特性,利用光线追迹法对其进行了模拟仿真.利用DMD并行光刻和热熔法结合制作了不同口径的球冠状微透镜阵列模板,通过电铸和UV压印制作了微透镜阵列薄膜.并将其附在有机发光二极管玻璃基底表面,测量其光亮度.实验结果表明,在垂直基底方向上,微透镜阵列薄膜可将光亮度提高42%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.