青花菜组织培养再生体系的研究

采用不同培养基对青花菜（Brassica oleracea var.italica Plenk.)的子叶和下胚轴进行分化培养,结果表明：青花菜不同的外植体的组织培养效果不同,当采用MS基本培养基附加BA0.5mg/L、NAA0.1mg/L和Sucrose5%的处理时下胚轴的不定芽分化频率最高,可达50%;而当培养基中添加BA0.5mg/L、NAA0.1mg/L、Sucrose3%和AgNO34mg/L的子叶的不定芽分化频率最高,约为78%左右;同时在分化培养基中添加不同种类和浓度的激素、蔗糖和AgNO3均对其子叶不定芽的再生具有明显的效应。     

香水草组织培养植株再生系统建立

香水草(Heliotropium arborescens)无菌实生苗下胚轴和子叶接种于含1.0mg/L 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)或2.0mg/L 6-苄氨酸嘌呤(BA)的MS培养基上能脱分化形成白色松散状或绿色致密状愈伤组织,但愈伤组织诱导率较低,分别为8.3%和26.5%.愈伤组织培养于含2.0mg/L NAA和0.5mg/L BA的MS培养上建立了具再生能力的愈伤组织继代培养方法.愈伤组织转移至含2.0mg/L BA和含0.1mg/L NAA的MS培养基上建立了不定芽分化再生方法.不定芽分化率最高91.3%.不定芽长大后,转移至含1.0mg/L IBA的减半MS培养基中不定芽生根率可达87.6%.     

新疆杨植株再生体系的建立

从培养基筛选、激素调控等方面探索建立新疆杨高效植株再生体系。结果表明，不同种类的细胞分裂素影响叶盘不定芽分化频率，其中较低浓度的TDZ(Thidiazuron)可显提高叶盘不定芽分化频率，生长素的种类与浓度对叶盘不定芽分化影响不显。较适合新疆杨不定芽分化的培养基为：1／2MS TDZ0．005mg／L BA0．25mg／L IAA0．5mg／L；壮苗培养基为：MS BA0．2mg／L IAA0．2mg／L；生根培养基为：1／2MS。在此条件下，不定芽分化频率可达100％。     

厚皮甜瓜黄河蜜植株再生研究

利用厚皮甜瓜黄河蜜3号子叶及下胚轴进行植株再生实验研究.结果表明:子叶不定芽分化率高于下胚轴,适合子叶不定芽分化的培养基为MS 6-BA1.5 mg/L NAA0.2 mg/L,分化率为60%,每个外植体平均分化芽数9.4个.适合下胚轴不定芽分化的培养基是MS 6-BA 1.75 mg/L NAA0.1 mg/L,分化率为9%,每个外植体平均分化芽数8.5个.对不定芽黑暗处理2天后用1/2 MS IAA0.2 mg/L诱导生根,生根率达91.12%,平均根数为12条.200 mg/L的NAA对无根苗处理20 min后移入1/2河沙 1/2蛭石基质中,1/2 MS营养液浇灌,试管外生根率为52%.     

麻疯树根高效再生体系的建立及不定芽起源研究

为了克服现有麻疯树快繁技术的不足,分别以麻疯树胚根和子叶外植体诱导的不定根为外植体诱导不定芽.麻疯树子叶不定根诱导的最佳培养方式为:MS+5 mg/L IBA上培养4天,然后转至MS0培养基上生根.诱导生根率和生根数分别达到93.33%和6.54个/外植体.子叶不定根诱导不定芽的最佳培养基是MS+3.0 mg/L 6-BA+3 mg/L IAA,诱导率达到83.33%.麻疯树胚根的最佳不定芽诱导培养基为MS+0.2 mg/L 6-BA+1.0 mg/L IBA,分化率达67.80%,平均出芽数为3.25个/外植体.对麻疯树胚根再生的各阶段进行了石蜡切片观察,明确了不定芽起源于根的薄壁细胞层.与现有技术相比,本方法具有周期短、再生效率高的特点.     

白术胚轴和胚根直接分化不定芽的再生体系

为了建立白术Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.通过胚轴、胚根外植体直接分化不定芽的高效离体再生体系,研究了外植体类型、植物生长调节剂种类及质量浓度对不定芽直接分化的影响.研究结果表明,以白术无菌苗的胚轴、胚根为外植体,在分化培养基上可直接诱导不定芽分化,其中胚轴不定芽分化率最高可达91.18%,每个外植体产生芽的数量最高可达13个;诱导不定芽分化的最佳培养基为MS(Murashige and Skoog)+ TDZ(thidiazuron)1.5 mg/L+ NAA(naphthylacetic acid)0.2 mg/L.将分化的不定芽培养于附加IBA(indol 3-butiric acid)0.5 mg/L的1/2 MS培养基中诱导生根,生根率达66.66%以上.本研究为药用植物白术的工厂化育苗和脱病毒以及利用植物基因工程技术进行品质改良提供了有效的再生途径.     

南丰蜜橘组织培养及植株再生

以南丰蜜橘种子无菌苗的子叶、上胚轴、茎端、下胚轴为材料,在不同激素配比的MS基本培养基上进行外植体筛选和诱导不定芽分化、继代及生根培养,确定了诱导植株再生的最佳外植体和最适条件:(1)诱导不定芽分化最好外植体为上胚轴,不定芽分化率达90%;(2)继代培养中最适激素配比为MS+0.8 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA+0.5 mg/LD-泛酸钙;(3)生根最适合培养基为MS/2+0.1 mg/L NAA.     

常绿杨植株再生体系的建立

以水培常绿杨(Populus deltoides60/160×P.nigra'chile')枝条得到的叶柄为外植体,探讨了常绿杨植株再生的方法.结果表明:在MS BA0.3 mg/L NAA0.1 mg/L培养基上,不定芽的分化率最高,为82.5%;不定芽在MS BA0.2 mg/L NAA0.05 mg/L培养基上的继代增殖系数为7.2;在继代增殖培养基中添加0.4 mg/L GA3时,对不定芽的增殖和伸长有显著效果;在生根培养基1/2MS NAA0.05 mg/L上,生根率达到96.5%.     

北美一球悬铃木高效遗传转化体系的建立

用北美一球悬铃木的叶片作为外植体建立转化体系。结果表明,用快繁所得无菌苗的第1~2叶片在MS 0.5mg/LIBA 1.5mg/LBA 0.5mg/LKT培养基上培养45d均可分化出不定芽,且分化频率达80%以上;再附加200mg/LCef时分化频率达100%。北美一球悬铃木叶盘对Km抗性本底的测试表明,在分化培养基中加20mg/L的Km时就能完全抑制细胞的生长,叶盘缓慢死亡,不定芽的分化完全停止。     

不结球白菜"苏州青"胚轴培养及不定芽分化的研究

为确立以"苏州青"胚轴为遗传转化受体材料的转基因技术,探讨了胚轴叶龄、激素条件及抗生素处理对胚轴培养和不定芽分化的影响.结果表明:胚轴培养采用叶龄5～7d的材料可以获得高频分化效果;分化培养基以MS组成为基本培养基,同时添加细胞分裂素BA2.0mg/L和TDZ0.01mg/L,可以促进胚轴培养的出愈率及不定芽分化率;抗生素(Kan)浓度达15～20mg/L时,具有明显的筛选效果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-