Variable selection for recurrent event data with informative censoring

Recurrent events data with a terminal event(e.g.,death) often arise in clinical and observational studies.Variable selection is an important issue in all regression analysis.In this paper, the authors first propose the estimation methods to select the significant variables,and then prove the asymptotic behavior of the proposed estimator.Furthermore,the authors discuss the computing algorithm to assess the proposed estimator via the linear function approximation and generalized cross validation method for determination of the tuning parameters.Finally,the finite sample estimation for the asymptotical covariance matrix is also proposed.     

Single-Index Quantile Regression with Left Truncated Data

The purpose of this paper is two fold. First, the authors investigate quantile regression (QR) estimation for single-index QR models when the response is subject to random left truncation. The random weights are introduced to deal with left truncated data and the associated iteration estimation method is proposed. The asymptotic properties for the proposed QR estimates of the index parameter and unknown link function are both obtained. Further, by combining the QR loss function and the adaptive LASSO penalization, a variable selection procedure for the index parameter is introduced and its oracle property is established. Second, a weighted empirical log-likelihood ratio of the index parameter based on the QR method is introduced and is proved to be asymptotic standard chi-square distribution. Furthermore, confidence regions of the index parameter can be constructed. The finite sample performance of the proposed methods are demonstrated. A real data analysis is also conducted to show the usefulness of the proposed approaches.

     

Model checking for general linear error-in-covariables model with validation data

In this paper, model checking problem is considered for general linear model when covariables are measured with error and an independent validation data set is available. Without assuming any error model structure between the true variable and the surrogate variable, the author first apply nonparametric method to model the relationship between the true variable and the surrogate variable with the help of the validation sample. Then the author construct a score-type test statistic through model adjustment. The large sample behaviors of the score-type test statistic are investigated. It is shown that the test is consistent and can detect the alternative hypothesis close to the null hypothesis at the rate n ^−r with 0 ≤ r ≤ 1/2. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method works well.     

Robust Estimation for Partial Functional Linear Regression Model Based on Modal Regression

This paper presents a robust estimation procedure by using modal regression for the partial functional linear regression, which combines the common linear model with the functional linear regression model. The outstanding merit of the new method is that it is robust against outliers or heavy-tail error distributions while performs no worse than the least-square-based estimation method for normal error cases. The slope function is fitted by B-spline. Under suitable conditions, the authors obtain the convergence rates and asymptotic normality of the estimators. Finally, simulation studies and a real data example are conducted to examine the finite sample performance of the proposed method. Both the simulation results and the real data analysis confirm that the newly proposed method works very well.     

基于单调性约束的离散贝叶斯网络参数学习

针对小样本条件下的离散贝叶斯网络参数学习问题,提出一种基于单调性约束的学习算法。首先,给出了单调性约束的数学模型,以表达定性的先验信息;然后,将单调性约束以狄利克雷先验的形式集成到贝叶斯估计中,并利用贝叶斯估计进行参数学习;最后,通过仿真实验与最大似然估计和保序回归方法进行比较。实验结果表明,在小样本条件下,所提算法在准确性上优于最大似然估计和保序回归,但时效性介于二者之间。     

宽带信号辐射源径向加速度估计算法

提出了一种利用相参脉冲串信号估计脉冲重复周期变化率的宽带信号辐射源径向加速度估计方法。为了解决电子侦察接收机采样间隔与辐射源脉冲重复周期不匹配造成的脉冲边沿到达时间（time of arrival, TOA）估计偏差问题,采用了分数时延估计算法对脉冲间时延进行估计。获得精确的脉冲TOA后用最小二乘法提取径向加速度信息。给出了该方法目标径向加速度估计所能达到的误差下限,仿真结果接近该下限,具有很高的精度。本算法适用于线性调频和非线性调频等宽带信号。     

线性回归模型的非线性稳健估计——基于经验过程理论的研究

线性回归模型参数估计的有效性及对厚尾扰动和离群值的稳健性有进一步改进的余地.本文基于条件分布函数提出线性参数模型的一种新的非线性稳健估计量,利用经验过程理论证明了其相合性和渐近正态性.相对于OLS(ordinary least squares)估计量和常用的稳健LAD(least absolute deviations)和Huber估计量,此估计量可全面把握因变量的分布信息,较准确地由样本数据反映真正的数据生成过程,关于扰动项的厚尾分布具有更好的稳健性,且可更好地消弱极端离群值样本对参数估计的不良影响.多种实验设计的模拟表明,此估计量在有限样本下表现良好;在厚尾扰动或离群值出现的时候,显示出良好的稳健性,且优于OLS、LAD以及Huber估计量的小样本表现.     

Heteroscedasticity Detection and Estimation with Quantile Difference Method

When dealing with regression analysis, heteroscedasticity is a problem that the authors have to face with. Especially if little information can be got in advance, detection of heteroscedasticity as well as estimation of statistical models could be even more difficult. To this end, this paper proposes a quantile difference method (QDM) that can effectively estimate the heteroscedastic function. This method, being completely free from the estimation of mean regression function, is simple, robust and easy to implement. Moreover, the QDM method enables the detection of heteroscedasticity without any restrictions on error terms, consequently being widely applied. What is worth mentioning is that based on the proposed approach estimators of both mean regression function and heteroscedastic function can be obtained. In the end, the authors conduct some simulations to examine the performance of the proposed methods and use a real data to make an illustration.     

数据缺失的小样本条件下BN参数学习

引入支持向量机回归,提出具有数据修补功能的贝叶斯网络参数学习算法.该算法利用贝叶斯网络各观测节点不同时刻下的观测信息,在无先验信息约束下,通过样本回归对缺失数据进行修复.在获得的完整数据基础上利用最大似然估计完成贝叶斯网络参数估计.仿真结果表明,在有数据缺失的小样本情况下,该参数学习方法与标准EM算法相比,能够有效的提高参数学习效率以及推理结果的精度.     

基于估计参数势函数法的欠定盲分离

针对k维子空间法尺度参数选择的盲目性,提出了基于估计参数的势函数方法。首先根据观测信号估计出基准值r₁,并根据基准值r₁选取势函数f 的尺度参数σ₁,由势函数f 估计出聚类平面后,根据聚类平面估计出基准值r₂,根据基准值r₂选取势函数g的尺度参数σ₂,并由势函数g估计出混合矩阵。该方法充分利用了观测信号的统计特性,实验结果表明,在无噪条件下,该方法比改进前的方法在矩阵估计方面误差减小了75%,较其他方法误差减小了1~2个数量级;在16 dB信噪比下,该方法比改进前在矩阵估计精度上提高8.7%,源信号个数估计准确率提高了1倍。     

基于多保真度代理模型的装备系统参数估计方法

系统参数估计是武器装备系统设计研制中的关键一环。针对复杂系统设计中逐渐突显的系统复杂性激增、需求动态性变化、响应的快速性、缺乏高精度数据等问题,提出一种基于多保真度代理模型的单装备系统参数估计方法。首先,该方法基于传统Kriging模型对低保真度数据建立代理模型。然后,将该模型作为全局趋势模型,插入高保真度数据建立多保真度代理模型,得到同时满足高精度和高效率双重要求的参数估计方法。最后,以飞机机翼系统设计中的最大升力系数参数估计问题为例,验证了所提方法在装备设计研制中的可行性和有效性,作为设计人员的决策支撑。     

基于半监督广义可加Logistic回归的信用评分方法

传统的信用评分模型主要基于有监督学习(supervised learning)方法,但是,在实际的贷款问题中,有标记样本信息的获取往往成本较高、难度较大、周期较长,而无标记样本信息则大量存在.为了能在建模中充分利用无标记样本信息,本文提出了一种基于半监督广义可加(semi-supervised generalized additive,SSGA) Logistic回归的信用评分模型.该模型不但能处理线性不可分问题,也能同时利用有标记与无标记样本信息,并同步实现模型参数的估计和显著变量的选择.通过模拟实验表明,所提出的模型在外推预测和变量选择方面的表现均显著优于有监督模型.最后,将该模型应用于个人信用贷款违约风险的评估中.     

Two-step estimators in partial linear models with missing response variables and error-prone covariates

A partial linear model with missing response variables and error-prone covariates is considered. The imputation approach is developed to estimate the regression coefficients and the nonparametric function. The proposed parametric estimators are shown to be asymptotically normal, and the estimators for the nonparametric part are proved to converge at an optimal rate. To construct confidence regions for the regression coefficients and the nonparametric function, respectively, the authors also propose the empirical-likelihood-based statistics and investigate the limit distributions of the empirical likelihood ratios. The simulation study is conducted to compare the finite sample behavior for the proposed estimators. An application to an AIDS dataset is illustrated.     

基于可行域解析中心的非线性回归

提出了基于可行域解析中心的非线性回归算法,它克服了支撑向量回归因可行域不对称或狭长时其泛化性能降低的不足。从理论上分析了该回归算法与最大似然参数估计之间的关系,给出了它的迭代步骤,最后通过sinc函数的逼近问题验证了此回归算法的有效性。     

Empirical Analysis of Value-at-Risk Estimation Methods Using Extreme Value Theory

1. INTroDUCTIONFinancial institutes often hold asset portfolios consisting of bonds, stock, etc., whose values often vary due tothe change of market factors such as interest rate and exchange rate. The induence on the value of portfoliosmade by the bad variation of majrket factors is watched specially by the financial institutes. That is to say, it isnecessary to estimate the probability and degree of the decrease in the value of portfolios during a given timeperiod. As an integrated frame…     

截断的自适应容积粒子滤波器

在现有的高斯粒子滤波算法(Gaussian particle filter, GPF)中,粒子的重要性密度函数是由高斯滤波器（Gaussian filter, GF）结合当前最新量测来构建的。在高精度、强非线性的量测条件下,传统GF并不能很好地近似状态真实后验概率密度函数,为了解决这一问题,提出一种截断的自适应容积卡尔曼滤波器,并用其来构建粒子的重要性密度函数,从而推导出了截断的自适应容积粒子滤波器。仿真表明,在高精度、强非线性的量测条件下,所提出的滤波算法比现有的GPF具有更高的估计精度。     

基于级差格式的GM(2,1)模型参数估计优化研究

参数估计的优化是提高灰色模型精度的一个重要途径,级差格式的提出避免了背景值的复杂构造.现有的GM(2,1)模型计算较为复杂,且参数估计基于目标函数是原始序列一次差分序列的拟合误差平方和最小化来确定,同时,参数估计中微分到差分的转换以及背景值构造存在较大误差.针对这些问题,本文基于GM(2,1)模型微分方程的时间响应函数推导了级差格式,给出了最小二乘法的参数估计方法,然后基于原始序列误差平方和最小的目标函数,优化了模型的两个初始条件,同时,推导出GM(1,1)回归模型和GM(1,1,exp)模型是该模型的特殊情况,最后通过实例比较本文优化方法与现有方法估计的GM(2,1)模型拟合精度与预测精度.实例结果显示,本文的优化方法估计的GM(2,1)模型具有较好的效果.     

极值理论(EVT)方法用于受险价值(VaR)计算的实证比较与分析

讨论了根据极值理论 ( EVT)计算受险价值 ( Va R)的两类不同的方法 :基于矩估计的“两次子样试算法”和极大似然估计法 ,并给出了各自理论推导过程和计算步骤 .同时 ,把这两类方法与正态分布和经验分布的结果进行了比较 .应用四种汇率历史数据进行的实证计算表明 ,在极端条件下 ,用极值理论方法估计 Va R具有很高的准确性 ,而矩估计法的结果又优于极大似然估计法 .     

Adjusted Empirical Likelihood Estimation of Distribution Function and Quantile with Nonignorable Missing Data

This paper considers the estimation problem of distribution functions and quantiles with nonignorable missing response data. Three approaches are developed to estimate distribution functions and quantiles, i.e., the Horvtiz-Thompson-type method, regression imputation method and augmented inverse probability weighted approach. The propensity score is specified by a semiparametric exponential tilting model. To estimate the tilting parameter in the propensity score, the authors propose an adjusted empirical likelihood method to deal with the over-identified system. Under some regular conditions, the authors investigate the asymptotic properties of the proposed three estimators for distribution functions and quantiles, and find that these estimators have the same asymptotic variance. The jackknife method is employed to consistently estimate the asymptotic variances. Simulation studies are conducted to investigate the finite sample performance of the proposed methodologies.     

Estimation in Linear Regression with Laplace Measurement Error Using Tweedie-Type Formula

Based on a Tweedie-type formula developed under the Laplace distribution, this paper proposes a new bias-corrected estimator of the regression parameters in a simple linear model when the measurement error follows a Laplace distribution. Large sample properties, including the consistency and the asymptotic normality, are investigated. The finite sample performance of the proposed estimators are evaluated via simulation studies, as well as comparison studies with some existing estimation procedures.