Effect of prenatal and neonatal pantothenic acid deficiency on rat intestinal phosphatases

Alkaline phosphatase activity was increased in the distal part of the small intestine of pantothenic acid deficient neonatal rats, while acid phosphatase activity was slightly increased and protein concentration was decreased throughout the small intestine. The growth and maturation of the distal part of the small intestine were retarded more severely than in the proximal part.     

Effect of prenatal and neonatal pantothenic acid deficiency on rat intestinal phosphatases

Summary Alkaline phosphatase activity was increased in the distal part of the small intestine of pantothenic acid deficient neonatal rats, while acid phosphatase activity was slightly increased and protein concentration was decreased throughout the small intestine. The growth and maturation of the distal part of the small intestine were retarded more severely than in the proximal part.     

Die Aktivität der alkalischen Phosphatase im Rattenharn nach Mastzelldegranulierung

Summary Alkaline phosphatase activity was determined in rat urine under normal conditions (80 animals) and following mast cell depletion (30 animals). A statistically significant increase in urinary APA was found after administration of the mast-cell depleting compound 48/80. This fourfold increase over normal activity is due to renal changes caused by shock.     

Alkaline phosphatase isozymes in cultured human cancer cells

Alkaline phosphatase, an ubiquitous enzyme is known to exist in several isozymic forms. At least three different isozymes have now been identified in humans. Alkaline phosphatase isozymes are among the substances synthesized ectopically by a variety of human tumors and many continuous cell lines derived from different cancers have retained the capacity to produce these membrane-located glycoproteins. This paper reviews the identification of alkaline phosphatase isozymes in cultured tumor cells and relates these findings with recent developments concerning these cell membrane located glycoproteins.     

Alkaline phosphatase isozymes in cultured human cancer cells

Summary Alkaline phosphatase, an ubiquitous enzyme is known to exist in several isozymic forms. At least three different isozymes have now been identified in humans. Alkaline phosphatase isozymes are among the substances synthesized ectopically by a variety of human tumors and many continuous cell lines derived from different cancers have retained the capacity to produce these membrane-located glycoproteins. This paper reviews the identification of alkaline phosphatase isozymes in cultured tumor cells and relates these finding with recent developments concerning these cell membrane located glycoproteins.     

Activation and specificity of alkaline phosphatase of a mineralizing collagen-rich system

Alkaline phosphatase from tibia tendon of Meleagris gallopavo L. was highly purified. The enzyme activation by different ions was measured. Mg2+ showed a high activation with a broader spectrum of phosphomonoester hydrolization. The in vivo Mg2+ concentration was an optimum for in vitro activation.     

Le fer dans les villosites intestinales du cobaye en carence protidique

Summary During the regression of exocrine pancreas caused by a diet poor in protides, an organic iron compound accumulates at the end of intestinal villi: small granules in the upper part of enterocytes, larger particles in macrophages of the connective axis. Alkaline phosphatase activity disappears from the striated border of the enterocytes concerned.     

Effect of precocene II on acid phosphatase activity in the large milkweed bug,Oncopeltus fasciatus (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae)

Summary When precocene II was applied to the fourth instar milkweed bug, there was a significant decrease in acid phosphatase activity in the hemolymph at the 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70% time periods in the stadium.     

Acid phosphatase in eggs of the zebrafish,Brachydanio rerio

Summary 2 isozymes of acid phosphatase have been identified by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis in the ovary and mature, unfertilized eggs ofB. rerio. Histochemically, the enzyme appears to be localized in preyolk bodies of previtellogenic oocytes and in yolk platelets of vitellogenic and postvitellogenic oocytes. The contents of the cortical granules at all stages of oocyte differentiation were acid phosphatase negative.     

Lysosomal enzyme release associated with the invasion of rat liver by Novikoff hepatoma

Summary The lysosomes of both Novikoff hepatoma and liver from Novikoff hepatoma-bearing rats were found to be relatively intact structurally, lower in acid phosphatase activity, greatly depleted in number but with nearly normal membrane integrity when compared with normal liver.Acknowledgments. We thank Dr Ellen Rasch for her valued advice and interest in the project. We are grateful to M. P. Shaw for help with the acid phosphatase assay.     

Levels of alpha1-antitrypsin in the spring and autumn seasons.

In a group of 84 pairs of 11-year-old children of both sexes, the level of the alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-AT) were ascertained in the autumn and spring. Although the mean levels of alpha1-AT in the two seasons hardly differed, the highly significant seasonal changes in the distribution curves of alpha1-AT values were noted in boys, whereas the levels showed higher stability in girls.     

Phosphoprotein phosphatase activity of bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase

The phosphoprotein phosphatase activity of a commercial preparation of bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1) was examined using phosvitin and dentine phosphoprotein as substrates. Over 90% and 70% of the phosphorus from dentine phosphoprotein and phosvitin were hydrolyzed in 2 h. The optimum pH of the enzyme for the dephosphorylation of phosvitin and dentine phosphoprotein was nearly 6. No protein phosphatase activity was observed when the alkaline phosphatases from bovine liver and pulp were investigated.     

Effect of halogenmethylenebisphosphonates on bone cells in culture and on bone resorption in vivo

Dihalogenmethylenebisphosphonates increase alkaline phosphatase activity and fatty acid oxidation in calvaria cells in culture (Cl2MBP greater than Br2MBP approximately equal to F2MBP). The monohalogen ClMBP and the non-halogenated analogues are less active on phosphatase and inactive on or inhibitory towards fatty acid oxidation. The three dihalogenbisphosphonates and ClMBP inhibit bone resorption in vivo, Cl2MBP most strongly.     

Biochemical compartmentation of fish tissues. II. Nonspecific phosphomonoesterases in brain.

The specific activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases in different regions of the brain of 9 nutritionally important fishes were worked out. The region consisting of pituitary, hypothalamus and thalamus showed the highest acid and alkaline phosphatase activities. Least activities of both the enzymes were found in the cerebellum and medulla oblongata. The piscivorous fishes contain the highest acid and alkaline phosphatase activity followed by cat fishes and major carps. The distributional pattern of these 2 enzymes in 4 regions of the brain of 9 fishes is the same.     

Activation and specificity of alkaline phosphatase of a mineralizing collagen-rich system

Summary Alkaline phosphatase from tibia tendon ofMeleagris gallopavo L. was highly purified. The enzyme activation by different ions was measured. Mg²⁺ showed a high activation with a broader spectrum of phosphomonoester hydrolization. The in vivo Mg²⁺ concentration was an optimum for in vitro activation.Dedicated to Prof. Dr. G. Pfefferkorn on the occasion of his 65^th birthday.We thank Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for support.     

A possible genetic component of obesity in childhood. Observations on acid phosphatase polymorphism

Phenotypes of acid phosphatase with low enzymatic activity (ACP1 A and BA) are correlated with the highest degree of body mass increase observed in a sample of obese children. Since acid phosphatase probably functions as a flavin-mononucleotide phosphatase, differential modulation of flavo-enzyme activity and energy metabolism due to acid phosphatase genetic variability may explain the observed association.     

Comparison of the inhibition of avian and mammalian bone alkaline phosphatases by levamisole and compound R8231

Summary Alkaline phosphatases from mammalian bone are inhibited much more than chick bone alkaline phosphatase by levamisole and compound R8231. Doses of R8231 (10^–4 to 10^–5 M) that almost completely inhibit mammalian alkaline phosphatases do not inhibit the growth of embryonic rat femurs in vitro. R8231 should be an excellent biological probe for the function of alkaline phosphatase in bone metabolism.Acknowledgments. This work has been supported by funds from the Medical Research Council.     

A possible genetic component of obesity in childhood. Observations on acid phosphatase polymorphism

Summary Phenotypes of acid phosphatase with low enzymatic activity (ACP₁ A and BA) are correlated with the highest degree of body mass increase observed in a sample of obese children. Since acid phosphatase probably functions as a flavin-mononucleotide phosphatase, differential modulation of flavo-enzyme activity and energy metabolism due to acid phosphatase genetic variability may explain the observed association.     

三种方法测定碱性磷酸酶对肝疾病的诊断价值

目的研究血清碱性磷酸酶检测临床肝疾病时的方法学，提高临床诊断价值。方法收集临床不同肝疾病病人的血清，分别用3种方法测定其碱性磷酸酶的活性，并与健康对照组比较作诊断性能分析。结果各肝疾病组血清碱性磷酸酶的活性与对照组相比有极显著差异（P〈0．001）；3种方法分别测定各组之闻的血清碱性磷酸酶活性无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。2．乙基氨基乙醇、2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇、二乙醇胺3种缓冲液测定试剂盒方法测定的灵敏度分别为55．20％、47．96％、51．13％，特异度分别为100％、100％、93．75％。结论血清碱性磷酸酶可以作为各类肝病的临床诊断指标；对肝疾病血清碱性磷酸酶测定用2，乙基氨基乙醇缓冲液的试剂方法测定效果较好。