大中型煤矿企业知识资本测度模型实证研究

知识资本管理是现代企业经营的热点问题.知识理论认为:知识资本是企业核心能力培育的源泉,知识管理是企业核心能力形成的手段.随着我国煤炭经济的发展和煤矿企业的成长,大中型煤矿企业的知识资本存量已日益膨胀,因此,加强对知识资本的管理已是大中型煤矿企业的当务之急 ,而知识资本测度模型的构建是知识资本管理的首要前提.借助于煤矿企业知识活动的直接调查数据,验证性因子分析可以对理论模型提供现实性检验.     

维也纳学派对贝塔朗菲思想的重要影响

贝塔朗菲在其学术生涯初期，面对当时科学发展给哲学带来的挑战，在雏也纳学派、尤其是在卡尔纳普的思想影响下，寄希望于通过现代科学的发展及其方法的运用来加以解决，相信科学的进步及其方法的普遍化将能帮助人们合理地安排社会生活。因此，他与维也纳学派一样，运用新的自然科学成果和形式语言工具，追求科学知识的确实性和精确性，为科学知识建立可靠基础，并力求使哲学科学化、精确化，从而最终实现科学的统一。     

知识经济条件下企业知识管理的自组织特征

仔细考察了知识经济条件下企业知识管理过程中的条件、诱因、动力、前途等要素 ,发现了企业知识管理过程中的自组织特征 ,并据此结合知识管理的理论和实践 ,运用系统科学的自组织观点加以分析论证 ,得出科学的结论。     

The design of an epistemology for the management discipline which resolves dilemmas among ethical and other imperatives

We outline an epistemology to resolve dilemmas among conflicting imperatives which arise in management situations involving action programs which are “useful” economically and technically but which, at the same time, must satisfy, among others, aesthetic, ethical, and legal requirements. These “situations” occur in problem domains such as management science, environmental management, conservation management (the science devoted to the protection and preservation of our cultural and historical heritage), urban planning, government administration, and the like. Basically, these actions programs are designed to “improve the state of the real world” and take into account the inevitable conflicts and tradeoffs which inhibit maximization of objectives. In the end, the epistemological framework which is proposed leads to the formulation of a methodology to reconcile the economic, scientific, political, legal, ethical, epistemological, and aesthetic imperatives, in the context of a strategic and pragmatic framework.     

Interdisciplinarity: Potentials and Challenges

Interdisciplinarity, as a concept and practice, is reviewed and related to a recent article (Romm, 1998) in this journal. Authors advocating interdisciplinarity for social research and problem solving seem to have diverse, if often largely implicit, epistemological, and other assumptions informing their proposals. Romm (1998) develops and advocates a critical and reflexive orientation for tying interdisciplinarity to action research and related endeavors. For some academicians, however, interdisciplinarity appears to be considered a relatively unproblematic pursuit of merely selecting appropriate methods. Significant issues and questions concerning interdisciplinary pursuits, particularly in academic settings, exist and are briefly explored, based on the experiences and perceptions of the author. Basic structures and processes found in fields such as action research/science and management systems often seem neglected and very much needed for interdisciplinary inquiry and knowledge construction.     

SYSTEMS METHODOLOGY AND MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

This paper first introduces a new discipline knowledge science and the role of systems science inits development. Then, after the discussion on current trend in systems science, the paper proposes anew systems methodology for knowledge management and creation. Finally, the paper discussesmathematical modeling techniques to represent and manage human knowledge that is essentiallyvague and context-dependent.     

科学哲学的演变与信息系统认识论

以科学主义发端的近现代科学哲学起初因注重科学源于经验、由逻辑加工形成 ,顺应着科技发展潮流 ,却又因对经验与理论的矛盾、科技文化与人文文化的矛盾认识的片面性而走向反科学主义。后现代思潮因迷茫于传统思想的缺陷、当代科学技术引发的种种矛盾而走向对理性与科学技术本身的怀疑。信息系统识识论将科学认识视为自然信息与人的主体自信的相互作用 ,视为整体性的系统。它实际上是科学哲学各种学说通过系统思维而形成的新的综合。它是一座使人们解脱困惑跨越时代沟堑的桥梁     

Making learning critical: Identity, emotion, and power in processes of management development

In recent years, a substantial volume of broadly critical knowledge of management and organization has been established, but comparatively little attention has been given to the question of how the insights of such knowledge might be communicated or applied pedagogically. The temptation or danger, arguably, is for critical knowledge to be substituted for the content of “traditional management education,” with minimal regard for its contribution to processes of personal, social, and organizational development. The chief purpose of this paper is to put some flesh on the claim that critical theory can make an important contribution to the principles and practice of management education. After summarizing some key differences between “traditional management education” and action learning (concerning learning and personal experience), these differences are illustrated by reference to a case study, which in turn, provides a basis for highlighting the relevance of critical thinking for addressing problems and issues thrown up through action learning for managers.     

The Ontological Constitution of Bounding-Judging in the Phenomenological Epistemology of von Bertalanffy's General System Theory

An analysis of the current presentation of boundary judgments in the Critical Systems literature highlights a general result: that the activity of bounding has been, implicitly or explicitly, considered as an epistemological issue. By arguing that knowledge is not produced singularly by bounding, the paper informs this general result. This, in turn, informs other results, which have emerged in current understanding. In particular, the paper argues (a) the reason why knowledge indeed never attains the status of "objective or right" knowledge, (b) how critique is dependent on some positing of knowledge, and (c) the exact place where critique is actioned. von Bertalanffy's attempted systems epistemology is considered at length because it explains and informs the epistemological conclusions seen to have been drawn in the current Critical Systems literature. von Bertalanffy's attempt requires the support of Husserlian phenomenology, especially Sartre's understanding of it. This requires an in-depth discussion of the phenomenological understanding of consciousness. Since the conclusions stem from von Bertalanffy, the paper reconsiders the status of General System Theory in Critical Systems Thinking.     

Methodological foundations of systems methodologies

In social systems science generally, and in management science particularly, recent developments in the variety of types of specific problem-solving methodologies (under the rubric of hard and soft systems approaches) have given an impetus to a line of inquiry, as well as debate on the nature of those methodologies. On the one hand, there has been the view that what we are witnessing is a form of Kuhnian crisis. On the other hand, a complementarist view of developments has been argued and a contingency approach proposed. But one thing has been common among the competing views: a belief that the prospects for further advances in the design and application of those methodologies, and in resolving the current controversies, lie in serious attempts to reconsider and clarify the underlying metatheoretical assumptions and concerns. This paper is an attempt to contribute to such an endeavor. A brief exposition of three methodological foundations (namely, empiricism, hermeneutics, and critique) is made, not only with the purpose of highlighting the nature as well as the limits of their epistemological and ethical claims, but also as a basis for illuminating both the nature of contemporary work on systems inquiry, design, and problem solving and the ongoing debate on what constitutes appropriate criteria for choice of specific methodologies.     

管理科学研究范式的转换——以复杂性科学为研究视角

管理科学理论和实践的发展需要新范式,复杂性科学的引入则为这种新范式的产生与传统的管理科学范式的转换提供了一个思想框架。基于此,以库恩的科学范式思想为基本脉络,在范式转换的层面上对每一时期管理思想发展过程进行剖析,以探讨管理科学发展与变迁的历史逻辑,并着重分析了复杂性科学范式成为管理科学新范式的四个方面原因。     

复杂性科学中复杂性根源的研究

复杂性科学是近年来系统科学中的一朵灿烂的奇葩 .然而 ,诸如什么是复杂性根源的问题等一些基本命题仍有待解决 .事实上这些问题也阻碍着复杂性科学研究的发展 .本文在一般系统研究的范畴内 ,在原有一系列研究成果的基础上 ,探讨什么是复杂性根源的问题 .研究结果表明 :复杂性是由系统基层次之上的关系环引起和支配的 ,即系统基层次之上的关系环是复杂性的根源 .另一方面 ,2 0世纪 90年代在复杂性科学研究中异军突起的复杂适应性系统 (CAS)的发展已经在物理、化学和生物系统建模方面取得丰硕成果 ,并开始突破经济学中的某些议题 .不过 CAS概念在组织和管理领域的应用仍处于起步阶段 .照理 ,系统理论、数学和计算机科学的每一步成就都应当毫无例外地为管理科学所利用 ,组织的演化或重组最后当集中于开发内嵌优异软件包的适应性企业或事务模型之中 .文中对此表达了作者们的希冀 ,也是为了怀念许国志先生和继承许老的遗愿.     

消错学理论研究综述

本文对消错理论的研究背景和国内外的研究现状作了阐述,并介绍了消错学的重要理论基石。再者,对最新的消错理论研究进展进行了分类总结。最后,对该理论的研究方向和实际应用作了展望,指出其在管理科学和社会科学应用的前景。     

组织习惯域理论

习惯域理论是Po-LungYu于20世纪80年代初提出并进行系统研究的一种关于人的行为与决策模式的理论，我们称其为个人习惯域理论。组织和人一样，抽象来看是一个有机体，也有它的习惯域，我们称其为组织习惯域。提出了组织习惯域问题及其可能的研究内容。     

Approaching Action Research from a Socioecological Perspective

The paper seeks to explicate an action research methodological framework that can provide practical guidance to those approaching action research from a socioecological perspective. It does so by revisiting the developmental foundations of the Emery and Trist socioecological paradigm, by drawing on insights left scattered throughout Emery's writings, and by drawing on the author's own experience in action research. The framework explicated seeks to provide practical guidance for (i) intervention in field settings, to coproduce open social systems–environment active adaptation, i.e., action-research guided interventions to produce sought management outcomes, and (ii) generation and formalization of theory extensions to socioecological theory concerned with intervention strategy and intervention methodologies, i.e., action-research guided generation of socioecological theory suitable for social scientific publication.     

Engineering System Theory─A New Engineering Meta-Discipline

Theengineeringisatransformprocessperformedbyateamusingrelatedscientificknowledgeandtechnicalmeasures.Intheprocessloneorsome(naturalorman--made)existingentitiesareturnedintotheartificialsystemwithanexpectalltusagevaluebasedonsomesupposedboas.Asinallsimilaroridellticalprocesses,itiscertainlythattherearesimilaroridenticalrulesinallprocesseswhichcanbecalledengineering.ThescientificabstractsofthesesimilarorideDticalrulesarenamedastheengineeringscience.TheneedsofhUmanlivinganddevelopmentincreasingl…     

Truth and openness: an epistemology for interpretive systemology

Both an ontoepistemology for reductionist modern science (counter-ontoepistemology) and an ontology for interpretive Systemology have been outlined in the two preceding papers in this special issue ofSystems Practice. In the present article, the notion of “truth” is interpreted in terms of both the ontoepistemology of “reductionism” and the ontology of interpretive systemology. Both interpretations are discussed. Such a discussion represents the objective of this paper, that is, to outline the epistemological “face” of the ontoepistemology of interpretive systemology. In order to design that “epistemological face,” the relation between ontology and epistemology must be clarified. Such a relation is seen from the standpoint already provided by the ontology. After the discussion on the notion of truth, the general shape of a systemic-interpretive inquiring process is outlined.     

基于耦合建模与知识流的RMS一体化设计

针对国内外研究热点和难点--装备可靠性、维修性、保障性（reliability, maintainability and supportability, RMS）一体化设计,提出其中的瓶颈是RMS之间的强耦合机制及其设计知识流动控制问题。为此,分析、论证并提出了一种装备RMS一体化设计的创新研究方案：首先采用具有严格数学基础的图论方法--分层加权有向图进行RMS建模,以系统、科学、客观地刻画RMS强耦合关系;引入图书情报、管理工程中的知识流理论以实现RMS耦合设计知识的流动控制;采用模糊粗糙集理论以解决RMS不确定知识问题。可为装备RMS一体化设计理论的发展提供一种创新的、可行的参考思路。     

论科学精神系统的结构及功能

科学精神是科学文化系统的子系统 ,是科学文化的核心结构 ,在此基础上研究了科学精神系统的概念以及科学精神系统的结构功能。认为科学精神是认识论层次、社会关系层次和价值观层次等三个层次构成的逐步递进的系统结构 ,而每一层次又由相应的具体规范构成 ,并由此构成科学文化的核心结构。最后探讨了科学精神的内部功能和外部功能。     

The theory of the firm: An epistemological analysis

Is the theory of the firm equipped to answer questions about contemporary society? By a systemic examination of the nature of laws and facts assumed in the theory of the firm, we find that while the theory of the firm has found its Descartes and its Hume, it is not yet clear whether it has found its Kant. We speculate that a pragmatism-inspired theory of the firm, which incorporates the science of ethical management, is needed for the theory to become relevant for contemporary society.