Profound hypothermia in golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) induced by serotonergic potentiating and noradrenergic inhibiting drugs

Summary Profound hypothermia (6°C) was induced in cold exposed golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) by a combination of drugs that potentiate brain serotonergic activity (fluoxetine and pargyline) and inhibit noradrenergic activity (alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine). Individual drugs and combinations of 2 were ineffective.Acknowledgements. We acknowledge the support of a research grant PCM74-05158 A01 to A.H.M. from the National Science Foundation (USA) and thank Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, Indiana, for the gift of fluoxetine (Lilly 110140).     

Presence of ecdysone and ecdysterone in the tickAmblyomma hebraeum Koch

Summary Ecdysone and ecdysterone, the moulting hormones of insects and crustaceans, are also present in nymphs of the tickAmblyomma hebraeum. They were demonstrated by means of radioimmunoassay and of gas-liquid chromatography combined with mass fragmentography or mass spectrometry of their trimethylsilyl-drivatives.Acknowledgments. We thank Proff. A. Aeschlimann and C. Noirot and Dr J. Delachambre for their help and encouragement. We are grateful to Proff. Maume and Padieu (Département de Biochimie, Université de Dijon) for the use of the LKB 9000 GLC-MS, and to Drs M. L. De Reggi, M. H. Hirn and Prof. M. A. Delaage for the gift of some RIA-antigens and antibodies. We thank Ciba-Geigy Ltd for the supply with ticks. The work was in part supported by grant Nr. 3. 734. 76 of the Swiss National Science Foundation and by a grant of the Emil Barrel Stiftung.     

Dedekinds „Bunte Bemerkungen“ zu Kroneckers „Grundzüge“

Ohne Zusammenfassung Vorgelegt von M. Kline The work of H. Edwards was supported by part by the U. S. National Science Foundation Grant SOC-7905162 and by the Vaughn Foundation.     

Solid phase synthesis and some pharmacological properties of 8-glutamine-oxytocin: a possible intermediate in the evolution of the neurohypophysial hormones

Zusammenfassung Die erstmalige Synthese des Peptidhormons 8-Glutamin-Oxytocin wird beschrieben. Das synthetische Peptid ist mit einem anderen Peptid des Dornhaies von noch ungeklärter Struktur nicht identisch.

---

---

(a) This work was supported in part by a Studentship (to J.W.M.B.) and a Grant (to M.M.) from the Medical Research Council of Canada, an award (to T.C.W.) from the Banting Research Foundation, a National Science Foundation Grant No. GB 4932 and a General Research Support Grant to Columbia University from the National Institutes of Health. (b) An abstract of this work was presented at the 5th Annual Meeting of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies, July, 1968; M.Manning, T. C.Wuu, J. W. M.Baxter and W. H.Sawyers, FEBS 1968 Meeting, Prague, Abstr.824, p. 206.     

Induction of an antimicrobial biotin-binding egg white protein (avidin) in chick tissues in septicEscherichia coli infection

Summary The induction of avidin in chick tissues was found in septicEscherichia coli infection. Avidin concentrations in the plasma roughly corresponded to those in the other tissues studied which suggests that avidin in chicks is a secretory protein.Acknowledgments. We thank Mrs O. Kurronen, Miss T.-M. Mattila and Mr C. Hartmann for technical assistance and Dr M.S. Kulomaa for the performance of radioimmunoassay. We are very much obliged to Dr T. Metsä-Ketelä for valuable criticism. The work was supported by grants from the Ford Foundation (No 760-0526) and the Scientific Foundation of the Tampere City.     

Genes regulating the appearance of two kinds of fruit inMicroseris strain B87 (Asteraceae:Compositae)

Summary The annual hybrid strainMicroseris B87 (M. pygmaea x M. bigelovii) produces 2 kinds of fruit (achenes) on its flowering heads, outer hairy and inner smooth ones. 2 unlinked genes are identified that determine the relative number of hairy achenes, on a logarithmic scale.Supported by grants Ba 536/1-6 from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and DEB-780940 from the National Science Foundation.We thank Ms. E. Oeldorf and particularly Ms. A. König for technical assistance.     

p-Xylylenedicyanide and related compounds,weakly cytotoxic nitriles

Zusammenfassung Extrakte vonV. opulus von schwacher Zelltoxizität enthaltenp-Xylylendinitril. Die Isomeren,m- undp-Cyanohydrozimtsäurenitrile, wurden synthetisiert und auf ihre zelltoxischen Eigenschaften hin untersucht:p-Xylylendinitril erweist sich als am stärksten wirksam.

---

---

The reported work was supported in part by grants Nos. AM 07147, FR 00354, GM 12755 and GM 33888 from the United States Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health. We are grateful to the management and staff of the Isaac Bernheim Foundation for their helpful assistance with plants.

---

Inquiries on mass spectra should be directed to F.W.M.; all other inquiries should be directed to C.H.J.     

Hemolymph proteins in an ascitic condition,induced by lethal1(3)gl tumorous tissue inDrosophila hydei

Summary Drosophila hydei larvae homozygous for the gene1(3)gl may survive to the age of 3 weeks, become bloated and be incapable of metamorphosis. Wild-type flies after the injection of a fragment of the1(3)gl disc, which has been previously culture in vivo for 40–500 days, also become bloated (ascitic reaction). In the hemolymph of both the advanced1(3)gl larvae and ascitic adult hosts the accumulation of a specific protein is observed.Acknowledgments. This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation under Grant No.3.792-0.76 and the Georges und Antoine Claraz-Schenkung. We thank Prof. H. Gloor, University of Geneva, and Prof. P.S. Chen, University of Zürich, for advice and criticism.     

The role of glycine in the biosynthesis of steroids

Zusammenfassung Während der Biosynthese von Cholesterol mit homogenisierter Rattenleber wird [2-¹⁴C] des Glycins viel besser eingebaut als [1-¹⁴C].Saccharomyces cerevisiae produziert radioaktives Squelen (ausser Ergosterol mit Radioaktivität des Ringsystems) mit [2-¹⁴C] Glycin und mit [3-¹⁴C] Serin, aber nicht mit [1-¹⁴C] Glycin.

---

---

Studies on Biosynthesis. Part VI. For Part V, seeA. K. Bose, K. S. Khanchandani andB. L. Hungund, Experientia,27, 1403 (1971). b) Presented at the 164th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, New York, August, 1972.

---

The support of this research by Stevens Institute of Technology and Sandoz Foundation is gratefully acknowledged. We wish to thank Drs.P. T. Funke, M. S. Manhas, P. K. Bhattacharyya, M. Anchel andH. Levey for valuable discussions and help with some of the experiments.     

Replication pattern of double minutes derived from an insect cell line

Summary The DNA replication pattern of double minutes derived from an established cell line ofAedes albopictus is described. Although the vast majority of double minutes replicate semiconservatively once during the S phase, some double minutes appear to exhibit different pattern(s). Two theories are suggested as possible explanations of our findings.This work was supported by a grant from the Whitehall Foundation, Inc. awarded to A.B.M.     

Isolation of a potent allergen from house dust mite by interaction with the lectin tridacnin

Summary Tridacnin, the lectin from the clamTridacna maxima, precipitates with house dust mite extracts and provides a simple procedure for obtaining a potent, purified mite allergen. Allergenic activity was investigated using the radioallergosorbent test (RAST).We thankKarin Williams, Jill Butler, Elizabeth Quinn andGisela Steinhausen for technical help. This work was supported by the Princess Margaret Children's Medical Research Foundation, the Asthma Foundation of Western Australia, the National Health and Medical Research Council and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

On the mechanism of immunosympathectomy

Summary The effects in vivo and in vitro of the antiserum to mouse nerve growth factor (NGF) are independent of the presence of complement. These results are consistent with the view that the antiserum acts by neutralizing endogenous NGF.Acknowledgments. Financial support from the Whitehall Foundation, New York, The Wellcome Foundation, U.K. (to J.R.C.) and the Science Research Council (Studentship to M.E.) is gratefully acknowledged. We thank Professor J.H. Humphrey, National Institute for Medical, Research, Mill Hill, London, for discussion and determination of plasma C3 levels.     

Marine indoles of novel substitution pattern from the acorn wormGlossobalanus sp.

Summary 4,6-Dibromoindole and 4,6-dibromo-2-methylindole have been isolated from the acorn wormGlossobalanus sp. The biosynthetic implications of this finding are discussed.We wish to thank Prof. Paul J. Scheuer, University of Hawaii for his encouragement and for use of his facilities during spectroscopic work. T.H. gratefully acknowledges the giving of a travel grant by the University of the Ryukyus Foundation for International Exchange.     

Intracellular pH of Limulus ventral photoreceptor measured with a double-barrelled pH microelectrode

Summary The intracellular pH of the Limulus ventral photoreceptor was measured with a double-barrelled pH microelectrode and found to be 7.01±0.04 SE (n=9).This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation, grants Nos. 3.634.075 and 3.128.73.Acknowledgments. We thank Drs L. R. Pucacco and N. W. Carter for technical advice and a gift of pH glass. We also thank Drs M. Tsacopoulos and F. Baumann for helpful discussion.     

On the verge of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Umdeutung</Emphasis> in Minnesota: Van Vleck and the correspondence principle. Part two

This is the second installment of a two-part paper on developments in quantum dispersion theory leading up to Heisenberg’s Umdeutung paper. In telling this story, we have taken a 1924 paper by John H. Van Vleck in The Physical Review as our main guide. In this second part we present the detailed derivations on which our narrative in the first part rests. The central result that we derive is the Kramers dispersion formula, which played a key role in the thinking that led to Heisenberg’s Umdeutung paper. We derive classical formulae for the dispersion, emission, and absorption of radiation and use Bohr’s correspondence principle to construct their quantum counterparts both for the special case of a charged harmonic oscillator (Sect. 5) and for arbitrary non-degenerate multiply-periodic systems (Sect. 6). We then rederive these results in modern quantum mechanics (Sect. 7). This paper was written as part of a joint project in the history of quantum physics of the Max Planck Institut für Wissenschaftsgeschichte and the Fritz-Haber-Institut in Berlin. The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the Max Planck Institute for History of Science. The research of Anthony Duncan is supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant PHY-0554660.     

Highly irritant ingenane type diterpene esters fromEuphorbia cyparissias L.

Summary From the roots ofEuphorbia cyparissias L. a highly irritant diterpene ester fraction was isolated and further resolved into its constituents. Together with some less active and some inactive isomers, the pure Euphorbia factors were characterized as new diesters of 13-hydroxyingenol and as triesters of the new 13,19-dihydroxyingenol. The Euphorbia factorsCy ₆,Cy ₁₁ andCy ₁₄ are the strongest irritants of the ingenane ester type hitherto known,Cy ₁₁ being at least as active as the standard diterpene ester type irritant 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).Acknowledgments. We are greatly indebted to the Wilhelm and Maria Meyenburg Foundation for financial support for the supply of plant material required for this investigation.The results were partially presented by H.H.O. at the 17. Hauptversammlung der Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker. München, 12.–16.9.1977. PhD-thesis. University of Heidelberg, 1978.     

Interaction between fluorescent-labeled ACTH1–24 isolated fat cells,and serum albumin

Summary Part or all of the difference in the ability of ACTH_1–24 and a fluorescent-labeled ACTH_1–24 to activate lipolysis in fat cells can be accounted for by label-related binding to albumin present in the assay medium.Acknowledgments. We thank L. Hinman, B. Huber-Preston and C. Schatzmann for technical assistance, Drs P. Schiller and W. Rittel for the ACTH samples, and Dr T. Binkert for helpful discussion. This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (grant No. 18016) and by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant No. 3589. 71).     

Sex pheromone blend of the codling moth,Cydia pomonella: Evidence for a behavioral role of dodecan-1-ol

Summary Pheromone glands and effluvia of the codling moth female containE-8, E-10-dodecadien-1-ol as main component, accompanied by its geometric isomers, the corresponding acetate and aldehyde (both in gland extracts only),E-9-dodecen-1-ol and saturated alcohols of 10 to 18 carbons. Dodecan-1-ol as the most abundant secondary component (about 30% of the female blend) acts in the wind tunnel by widening the dose range over which codling moth males are optimally attracted toE-8, E-10-dodecadien-1-ol.This research was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation. We thank W. Riggenbach for supplying moths and T. Wildbolz, P. Charmillot and M. Tóth for conducting field trials.     

Covalent binding of aflatoxin B1 to liver DNA in rats pretreated with ethanol

Summary Male Fischer F-344 rats were given ethanol in the drinking water and/or by single oral administration. Following this, the animals received p.o. 100 ng/kg of the hepatocarcinogen [³H]aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁). 24 h later, the level of DNA-bound AFB₁ was determined in the liver and was found not to be affected by any type of ethanol pretreatment. A cocarcinogenic effect of ethanol in the liver is therefore unlikely to be due to an effect on the metabolic activation and inactivation processes governing the formation of DNA-binding AFB₁ metabolites.To whom correspondence should be addressed.Acknowledgment. We thank the European Science Foundation for the Toxicology Research Fellowship awarded to M.M.