烧结铁矿中FeO含量对其在富氢高炉中还原行为的影响

Japan started the national project “COURSE 50” for CO₂ reduction in the 2000s. This project aimed to establish novel technologies to reduce CO₂ emissions with partially utilization of hydrogen in blast furnace-based ironmaking by 30% by around 2030 and use it for practical applications by 2050. The idea is that instead of coke, hydrogen is used as the reducing agent, leading to lower fossil fuel consumption in the process. It has been reported that the reduction behavior of hematite, magnetite, calcium ferrite, and slag in the sinter is different, and it is also considerably influenced by the sinter morphology. This study aimed to investigate the reduction behavior of sinters in hydrogen enriched blast furnace with different mineral morphologies in CO–CO₂–H₂ mixed gas. As an experimental sample, two sinter samples with significantly different hematite and magnetite ratios were prepared to compare their reduction behaviors. The reduction of wustite to iron was carried out at 1000, 900, and 800°C in a CO–CO₂–H₂ atmosphere for the mineral morphology-controlled sinter, and the following findings were obtained. The reduction rate of smaller amount of FeO led to faster increase of the reduction rate curve at the initial stage of reduction. Macro-observations of reduced samples showed that the reaction proceeded from the outer periphery of the sample toward the inside, and a reaction interface was observed where reduced iron and wustite coexisted. Micro-observations revealed three layers, namely, wustite single phase in the center zone of the sample, iron single phase in the outer periphery zone of the sample, and iron oxide-derived wustite FeO and iron, or calcium ferrite-derived wustite 'FeO' and iron in the reaction interface zone. A two-interface unreacted core model was successfully applied for the kinetic analysis of the reduction reaction, and obtained temperature dependent expressions of the chemical reaction coefficients from each mineral phases.     

Mg和La对Ca–Ti 处理钢中夹杂物演变和组织的影响

The evolution of inclusions and the formation of acicular ferrite (AF) in Ca–Ti treated steel was systematically investigated after Mg and La addition. The inclusions in the molten steel were Ca–Al–O, Ca–Al–Mg–O, and La–Mg–Ca–Al–O after Ca, Mg, and La addition, respectively. The type of oxide inclusion in the final quenched samples was the same as that in the molten steel. However, unlike those in molten steel, the inclusions were Ca–Al–Ti–O + MnS, Ca–Mg–Al–Ti–O + MnS, and La–Ca–Mg–Al–Ti–O + MnS in Mg-free, Mg-containing, and La-containing samples, respectively. The inclusions distributed dispersedly in the La-containing sample. In addition, the average size of the inclusions in the La-containing sample was the smallest, while the number density of inclusions was the highest. The size of effective inclusions (nucleus of AF formation) was mainly in the range of 1–3 μm. In addition, the content of ferrite side plates (FSP) decreased, while the percentage of AF increased by 16.2% due to the increase in the number of effective inclusions in the La-containing sample in this study.     

摩擦焊接碳钢（EN24）和镍基高温合金（IN718）的显微组织和力学性能

Continuous-drive rotary friction welding was performed to join cylindrical specimens of carbon steel (EN24) and nickel-based superalloy (IN718), and the microstructures of three distinct weld zones—the weld interface (WI)/thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), the heat-affected zone (HAZ), and the base metal—were examined. The joint was observed to be free of defects but featured uneven flash formation. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis showed substantial changes in high-angle grain boundaries, low-angle grain boundaries, and twin boundaries in the TMAZ and HAZ. Moreover, significant refinement in grain size (2–5 μm) was observed at the WI/TMAZ with reference to the base metal. The possible causes of these are discussed. The microhardness profile across the welded joint shows variation in hardness. The changes in hardness are ascribed to grain refinement, phase transformation, and the dissolution of strengthening precipitates. The tensile test results reveal that a joint efficiency of 100% can be achieved using this method.     

汽车暴露面板带有表面条状缺陷的夹杂物分布特征分析:一种定量电解方法

The specific distribution characteristics of inclusions along with the sliver defect were analyzed in detail to explain the formation mechanism of the sliver defect on the automobile exposed panel surface. A quantitative electrolysis method was used to compare and evaluate the three-dimensional morphology, size, composition, quantity, and distribution of inclusions in the defect and non-defect zone of automobile exposed panel. The Al₂O₃ inclusions were observed to be aggregated or chain-like shape along with the sliver defect of about 3–10 μm. The aggregation sections of the Al₂O₃ inclusions are distributed discretely along the rolling direction, with a spacing of 3–7 mm, a length of 6–7 mm, and a width of about 3 mm. The inclusion area part is 0.04%–0.16% with an average value of 0.08%, the inclusion number density is 40 mm?2 and the inclusion average spacing is 25.13 μm. The inclusion spacing is approximately 40–160 μm, with an average value of 68.76 μm in chain-like inclusion parts. The average area fraction and number density of inclusions in the non-defect region were reduced to about 0.002% and 1–2 mm?2, respectively, with the inclusion spacing of 400 μm and the size of Al₂O₃ being 1–3 μm.     

在酸性溶液中加压氧化三价砷离子和二价铁离子

The co-oxidation of As(III) and Fe(II) in acidic solutions by pressured oxygen was studied under an oxygen pressure between 0.5 and 2.0 MPa at a temperature of 150°C. It was confirmed that without Fe(II) ions, As(III) ions in the solutions are virtually non-oxidizable by pressured oxygen even at a temperature as high as 200°C and an oxygen pressure up to 2.0 MPa. Fe(II) ions in the solutions did have a catalysis effect on the oxidation of As(III), possibly attributable to the production of such strong oxidants as hydroxyl free radicals (OH·) and Fe(IV) in the oxidation process of Fe(II). The effects of such factors as the initial molar ratio of Fe(II)/As(III), initial pH value of the solution, oxygen pressure, and the addition of radical scavengers on the oxidation efficiencies of As(III) and Fe(II) were studied. It was found that the oxidation of As(III) was limited in the co-oxidation process due to the accumulation of the As(III) oxidation product, As(V), in the solutions.     

活化天然矿石选择性还原二氧化碳为无定形碳

Natural magnetite formed by the isomorphism substitutions of transition metals, including Fe, Ti, Co, etc., was activated by mechanical grinding followed by H₂ reduction. The temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen (H₂-TPR) and temperature-programmed surface reaction of carbon dioxide (CO₂-TPSR) were carried out to investigate the processes of oxygen loss and CO₂ reduction. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that the stability of spinel phases and oxygen-deficient degree significantly increased after natural magnetite was mechanically milled and reduced in H₂ atmosphere. Meanwhile, the activity and selectivity of CO₂ reduction into carbon were enhanced. The deposited carbon on the activated natural magnetite was confirmed as amorphous. The amount of carbon after CO₂ reduction at 300°C for 90 min over the activated natural magnetite was 2.87wt% higher than that over the natural magnetite.     

含钛高炉炉渣微波合成碳化钛及其介电性能测定

The preparation of functional material titanium carbide by the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag with microwave heating is an effective method for valuable metals recovery; it can alleviate the environmental pressure caused by slag stocking. The dynamic dielectric parameters of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag/pulverized coal mixture under high-temperature heating are measured by the cylindrical resonant cavity perturbation method. Combining the transient dipole and large π bond delocalization polarization phenomena, the interaction mechanism of the microwave macroscopic non-thermal effect on the titanium carbide synthesis reaction was revealed. The material thickness range during microwave heating was optimized by the joint analysis of penetration depth and reflection loss, which is of great significance to the design of the microwave reactor for the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag.     

采用超声组装与滚压工艺制备铝–碳纳米管复合材料

This study introduced a novel fabrication of aluminum–carbon nanotube (CNT) composites by employing bulk acoustic waves and accumulative roll bonding (ARB). In this method, CNT particles were aligned using ultrasonic standing wave in an aqueous media, and the arrayed particles were precipitated on the aluminum plate substrate. Then, the plates rolled on each other through the ARB process with four passes. Optical and scanning electron micrographs demonstrated the effective aligning of CNTs on the aluminum substrate with a negligible deviation of arrayed CNTs through the ARB process. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the developed composites showed no peaks for carbon and aluminum carbide. In addition, tensile tests showed that the longitudinal strength of the specimens processed with aligned CNTs was significantly greater than that of the specimens with common randomly dispersed particles. The proposed technique is beneficial for the fabrication of Al–CNT composites with directional mechanical strength.     

元代词人追和两宋词刍议

元代追和词数量虽少,但从中仍可清晰看出当时词坛对苏辛、周姜词风的不同接受情形。追和苏辛词风之作在元代追和词中几近一半,可见元词审美的主导倾向仍为金词所推重的苏辛豪放一路。唱和、櫽括、拟古等接受形式与追和相互作用,在一定程度上影响到元代词人追和词的创作。     

《全金元词·李孝光词》校补

唐圭璋编《全金元词》，据清王鹏运《四印斋所刻词》收录元李孝光词22首，然尚多遗阙疏误。兹略述李孝光《五峰词》流布情况，据山东省图书馆珍藏之明抄本《李五峰集》，对《全金元词·李孝光词》作校补，校订字句，补充词题，并辑录佚词五首，酌加按语。     

论金院本之特征及金元曲与传统文学的关系

金院本包含着元杂剧的性质在内,并不是如元代院本一样纯为滑稽之短剧,诸宫调有着多种表演方式接近戏剧.金元之曲和诗文有着不可分割的联系,虽然增加了新的质素,但直到今天与诗、词三者还是并行而不悖.其兴起并不是和传统文学相对立,更不可能是取而代之.     

李清照词在宋元时期的地位和影响

李清照是中国古代文学史上女性作家的代表，她的词如今备受推崇，但在宋元时期，李清照词的传播与接受却经历了从本事时代到停滞后退的发展过程．从词选家、评论家和作家三方面分宋、元两个时期对这一现象进行论述，以此观照李清照词在宋元时期的文学地位和影响．     

明刻本《全蜀艺文志》所载唐人元友谅籍贯考辨

国家图书馆藏明嘉靖《全蜀艺文志》,是目前该书存世最早的刻本。该书卷三十八著录唐人元友谅籍贯属汶川一说,与同时期其他材料多有抵牾。经考辨,基本可以认定元友谅为汶川人之说不能成立。其次,通过爬梳元友谅及其相关人物生平事迹,似可推断元友谅是中唐诗人元结从子,籍贯为河南汝州,"汶川"应为"汝州"之误。     

论元散曲中几个关于杂剧演出与传播的套曲

元杂剧由于不被正统文人看重,流传下来的文献资料不多.学界花费很大精力发现的文献资料,不能解决元杂剧研究中的一些问题.当今学界一方面深感元杂剧研究文献资料的匮乏,却又忽略元散曲中所保存的大量珍贵的元杂剧文献资料.元散曲中所保存的元杂剧文献资料,是我们研究元杂剧最真实、直接、可靠的文献资料.本文即以元散曲中六个记录元杂剧演出与传播的套曲为据,重点探讨元散曲对促进元杂剧创作与演出、普及与传播所起的积极作用,从而希望能够引起学界重视对元散曲中的元杂剧文献资料的深入研究.     

洪宪帝制时期的激进派

袁克定、杨度等认为民主制总统五年一改选即发生动乱,国家难以承受,主张君主立宪,一劳永逸,属于激进派。袁克文等认为袁克定等急燥冒进,对袁世凯不利,属于缓进派。袁世凯在激进缓进之间摇摆,及日本表示支持,始决定激进,日本等国又表示反对,洪宪帝制归于失败。     

当代中国元小说研究论文统计与分析

介绍了元小说的产生和元小说研究的重要意义。对元小说的研究论文进行了统计与分析,指出虽然目前中国元小说的研究者及论文数量尚少,但经过多年的积累。元小说研究必将成为小说乃至文学理论研究的新领域。     

论宋词的俗化

俗化是与宋词雅化进程相伴生的一条演进线索.它通过题材的适俗化、技法的通俗化、情趣的平俗化、语言的浅俗化,使宋词具有向唐五代曲子词回归的趋势,并可与元曲通俗化的发展潮流相对应.但由于词论的导引和文学史书写的选择性,这一潜藏而行的线索,并没有得到足够的注意.     

西晋政治家袁準及其子书《正论》、《正书》

西晋陈郡袁準是当时杰出的政治理论家。因正史无传,今综合各种史料对其名姓爵里、生平交游等进行考证。集中体现袁準思想的是其二部子书《正论》、《正书》,但宋代以后二书亡佚。今辑佚所得,共计15000余字。《正论》佚文主要围绕经学展开;《正书》佚文则保存了大量袁準的政治主张,因受唐代名臣魏征的推崇而入选《群书治要》,影响深远。