Asymmetric energy flow in coupled nonlinear LC transmission line

We constructed a coupled LC transmission line and studied the propagation of waves in it. We found asymmetric energy flow when we changed the driving conditions at the boundary. We analyzed this change and believe that it occurs because of the bandpass characteristics of the LC transmission line and high-order harmonic waves induced by nonlinearities. The LC transmission line could be used to simulate a microscopic crystal lattice. Therefore, we hope to observe thermal rectification in the system. We investigated the dependence of the system on different parameters, and then discussed the multi-frequency condition to aid in experimental verification.     

Detecting the breakup of spiral waves in small-world networks of neurons due to channel block

The breakup of a spiral wave by blockade of sodium and potassium channels in a small-world network of Hodgkin-Huxley neurons is investigated in detail.The influence of ion channel block in poisoned excitable membrane patches of a certain size is measured,by varying channel noise and channel densities resulting from the change in conductance,For example,tetraethylammonium is known to cause a block(poisoning) of potassium channels,while tetrodotoxin blocks sodium channels.We observed the occurrence of spiral waves,which are ordered waves believed to play an important role in facilitating the propagation of electric signals across quiescent regions of the brain.In this paper,the effect of channel block was measured by the factors xK and xNa,which represent the ratios of unblocked,or active,ion channels,to the overall number of potassium or sodium ion channels,respectively.To quantify these observations,we use a simple but robust synchronization measure,which succinctly captures the transition from spiral waves to other collective states,such as broken segments resulting from the breakup of the spiral wave.The critical thresholds of channel block can be inferred from the abrupt changes occurring in plots of the synchronization measure against different values of xK and xNa.Notably,small synchronization factors can be tightly associated with states where the formation of spiral waves is robust to mild channel block.     

基于应力波传输的随钻测量系统研究

阐述了在钻井过程中使用应力波通过钻柱实时传输井下数据技术,介绍了西部钻探钻井工程技术研究院研制的基于应力波传输的随钻测量系统(CS-MWD)的工作原理和构成,并对CS-MWD系统进行现场试验,指出在浅层井中CS-MWD系统具有传输速度快、测量精度高的优点,而在深层井中因受到应力波钻柱衰减作用和噪音的影响,其应用还受限制.     

重影波对电视接收图像的影响

本文提出一个存在多径传播时电视图像信号的传输模型，从该模型中可得出多径传输时的图像信号传输函数和冲击响应，由此可以分析出电视重影波对接收图像的影响。该模型已考虑到电视机的幅频特性和目前接收机都采用的同步检波方式。     

基于斑马鱼模型的海洋中药厚藤安全性评价

采用模式生物斑马鱼模型评价海洋中药厚藤水提物（Ipomoea pes-caprae（Linn.） Sweet water extract,IWE）及醇提物（Ipomoea pes-caprae（Linn.） Sweet alcohol extract,IAE）的安全性。采用受精后3 dpf （Day post fertilization） AB系斑马鱼进行急性毒性评价,将受精后10 hpf （Hours post fertilization）斑马鱼用于胚胎发育毒性及心脏毒性评价;将受精后3 dpf的gz15Tg/+（AB）肝脏荧光蛋白转基因斑马鱼用于肝脏毒性评价。结果表明,急性毒性实验中厚藤水提物半数致死浓度（LC₅₀）为2.84 mg/mL,10%致死浓度（LC₁₀）为1.46 mg/mL;厚藤醇提物LC₅₀为1.32 mg/mL,LC₁₀为0.76 mg/mL。胚胎发育毒性实验中厚藤水提物最大非致死浓度（MNLC）组及LC₁₀组干预24 h对斑马鱼胚胎未见尾部自主运动现象且发育迟缓,斑马鱼发育至72 hpf出现心脏和软黄囊肿大现象;厚藤醇提物LC₁₀组与空白对照组比较出现心包水肿,血瘀,观察中各组未见胚胎发育畸形现象。心脏毒性实验中空白对照组斑马鱼胚胎心跳节律规则、搏动强有力;厚藤水提物及醇提物在24 hpf,48 hpf,72 hpf时间点1/3MNLC组、MNLC组及LC₁₀组分别与空白对照组比较,均能明显减慢斑马鱼胚胎的心率且呈现剂量依赖性（P<0.01）;厚藤水提物及醇提物1/3MNLC组、MNLC组及LC₁₀组分别与空白对照组比较,均能明显增加斑马鱼胚胎的SV-BA间距（P<0.01）。肝脏毒性实验中厚藤水提物中各给药组与空白对照组比较,肝脏荧光面积均有减少趋势,组间比较无差异性;厚藤醇提物中1/3MNLC组、MNLC组及LC₁₀组与空白对照组比较,肝脏荧光面积均有增加趋势,但组间比较无差异性,各给药组斑马鱼的丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）水平与空白对照组比较均无显著差异。本实验中厚藤水提物的LC₅₀显著高于醇提物。高剂量LC₁₀组均对斑马鱼胚胎发育产生一定毒性作用。厚藤水提物及醇提物随着给药剂量增加,明显减慢斑马鱼胚胎的心率,产生一定心脏毒性作用。厚藤水提物及醇提物均未引起明显的肝脏毒性。     

Sound scattering in dense granular media

The sound propagation in a dense granular medium is basically characterized by the ratio of wavelength to the grain size. Two types of wave transport are distinguished： one corresponds to coherent waves in the long wavelength limit, the other to short-wavelength scattered waves by the inhomogeneous contact force networks. These multiply scattered elastic waves are shown to exhibit a diffusive characteristics of transport over long distances of propagation. Determination of the transport mean free path l^＊ and the inelastic absorption （Q^-1） allows the inference of the structural properties of the material such as the heterogeneity and internal dissipation. The relevance of our experiments for seismological applications is discussed. Moreover, we apply the correlation technique of the configuration-specific sound scattering to monitoring the dynamic behaviour of the granular medium （irreversible rearrangements） under strong vibration, shearing and thermal cycling, respectively.     

Bioactivity and constituents of several common seaweeds

Bioactivity and constituents of 8 common seaweeds from Dalian intertidal zone of northern Yellow Sea were investigated. In the anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) test, Symphyocladia latiuscula and Enteromorpha intestinalis showed obvious activities with MICs much lower than 1.0 mg·mL-1 . In the DNA damage repair test (DDRT), Chondrus ocellatu showed selective inhibitory activity against the DNA repair-defective E. coli strain vs. the wild-type E. coli strain; while Sym. latiuscula, Enteromorpha intestinalis and Sar. kjellmanianum showed significant anti-E. coli activity with MICs of 64-128 g·mL-1 . In the anti-Pyricularia oryzae test, Sym. latiuscula and Rh. confervoides strongly inhibited the germination of the spores of P. oryzae on agar plate. In the brine shrimp larvicidal test, Sym. latiuscula, Rh. confervoides and Sar. kjellmanianum exhibited potent toxicity against brine shrimp larvae, with LC50 much lower than 1 mg·mL-1 . The HPTLC analysis revealed their diversified secondary metabolites. The HPLC-DAD-MS analysis of the strongest species Sym. latiuscula and database searching showed that it can produce quite diversified metabolites, including halogenated ones, some of which may be new natural products. The results demonstrated the potentials of these seaweeds in the development of new antibiotics, antitumor drugs, agricultural fungicides and pesticides.     

广义Boussinesq方程孤波解的轨道稳定性

应用Grillakis-Shatah-Strauss提出的轨道稳定性理论,研究了具有两个非线性项的广义Boussinesq方程孤波解的轨道稳定性与不稳定性,得到了判断该方程孤波解轨道稳定性的一般性结论.进一步根据方程的两个精确钟状孤波解,推出了它们的轨道稳定判别式的显式表达式,从而具体给出了使这两个孤波解轨道稳定的波速变化区间.另外,分析了方程中两个非线性项作用的大小对这两个孤波解轨道稳定波速变化区间的影响,给出了使这两个孤波解轨道稳定的最大波速变化范围.     

从负折射超材料到光学隐身衣

1964年俄罗斯科学家V.Vesalago从Maxwell方程组出发断言具有负折射率的左手材料(LHM)可以存在,1996年和1999年J.Pendry提出了LHM的初始设计。2000年D.Smith制成首个LHM,它可把微波波束弯折到与常规的不同方向。近年来LHM吸引了人们的兴趣,它也称为超材料,但在自然界并不存在。它可变更电磁波传播,从而造成负折射甚至隐形。一个时期以来,在微波和光频进行的隐身斗篷实验是2D或3D的,它们与通常的隐形方法显著不同。LHM的其他应用如左手传输线、成像技术等。本文首先对负折射研究和隐身衣设计的历史和进展作回顾,进而讨论了这些领域中理论与实验工作的意义。可以看出负折射问题是非常复杂的。还讨论了负折射与负波速、负折射与负GH位移的关系。     

特高压长线路电容电流对距离保护的影响

特高压输电线路是全国统一电网的骨干网架．为保证其安全可靠运行,分析指出了特高压长线路的分布参数特性使传统距离保护的测量阻抗不与故障距离成正比．研究表明,线路空载运行条件下发生经高阻故障时短路电流相对偏小,而特高压输电线路电容电流大,因此线路电容电流可能影响阻抗元件出现超越或拒动问题．同时提出了特高压长线路距离保护的改进措施,理论分析与仿真测试验证了传统距离保护应用于特高压长线路时存在的缺陷,并证明了距离保护改进措施的有效性与可行性．     

Construction and initial analysis of five Fosmid libraries of mitochondrial genomes of cotton （Gossypium）

Cotton （Gossypium） is an important crop providing textile fiber and edible oil. To gain the insights into mechanism of the cyto- plasmic male sterility （CMS） inheritance, we constructed five fosmid libraries of mitochondrial genomes from mitotype of G. harknessii Brandegee. （one CMS line and its restorer）, mitotype of G. hirsutum L. （one CMS line and its maintainer）, and G. bar- badense L. The numbers of the clones in these libraries ranged from 1152 to 2016 with an average insert size of 36.2 to 38.4 kb, equivalent to 70-119.3 mitogenomes. The libraries were screened with 28 markers derived from the conservative sequences and yielded 22, 19, 26, 21, and 23 positive clones, respectively. These positive clones were used to construct the physical map of G. harknessii Brandegee. CMS line and G. barbadense L. mitogenomes that shared six syntenis regions. A total of 30 genes in nine clusters showed conservative and had high similarity with those in the mitochondrial genomes of cotton, Carica papaya, Cucur- bita pepo and Nicotiana tabacum. Further investigation indicated that gene rrn26 had two copies in all five cotton mitogenomes, while genes atpl, rrn5 and rrn18 had two copies only in G. barbadense L. The positive clones and physical map are considered being useful resources in cotton genomics research.     

Some classes of disconnected antimagic graphs and their joins

A labeling of a graph G is a bijection from E(G) to the set {1,2,…,|E (G)| }.A labeling is antimagic if for any distinct vertices x and y,the sum of the labels on edges incident to x is different from the sum of the labels on edges incident to y.We say that a graph is antimagic if it has an antimagic labeling.Hartsfield and Ringel conjectured in 1990 that every graph other than 2 K is antimagic.In this paper,we show that the antimagic conjecture is false for the case of disconnected graphs.Furthermore,we find some classes of disconnected graphs that are antimagic and some classes of graphs whose complement are disconnected are antimagic.     

高压输电线对电视信号的干扰

首先论述了多分裂高压输电线对电视波干扰影响的机理,然后建立了高压输电线的时域有限差分(FDTD)计算模型,且以典型多分裂高压输电线对平面电视波的散射情况进行了数值仿真模拟,得到了几种情况下散射场场强的分布图,最后对计算结果进行了定性分析.计算结果表明高压输电线对水平极化电视波的散射影响较大,而对垂直极化电视波的影响微弱.     

Property variation of ionic liquid [Bmim][AuCl4] immobilized on carboxylated polystyrene submicrospheres with a small surface area

In order to understand the effect of surface chemical groups on the immobilized species, Au-containing imidazolium-based ionic liquid (IL) [Bmim][AuCl4] was intentionally immobilized on polystyrene (PS) submicrospheres (d～300 nm) with a very small surface area (4-10 m2/g), which possess carboxyl-moiety (COONa or COOH) on the surface. The behavior of immobilized [Bmim][AuCl4 ] on the two types of submicrospheres was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was revealed that the melting points (Tm) of [Bmim][AuCl4 ] that had been immobilized on PS-COONa and PS-COOH submicrospheres were decreased by 2.7 and 4.1℃, respectively. The interaction mechanism between the IL and submicrosphere surface moieties was further analyzed by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analysis. The data indicated that the coordination environment of Au species changed markedly when [Bmim] [AuCl4] was immobilized on the surfaces of PS-COONa and PS-COOH submicrospheres, as illustrated by the decrease in white line peak intensity. The effect of surface COOH groups on Tm depression and the white line peak intensity of the XANES spectrum is more pronounced than that of COONa groups, most likely due to the possible hydrogen bond formation between the COOH group and [Bmim]+.     

Low-temperature magnetic properties of horse spleen ferritin

The magnetic properties of the antiferromagnetic cores in ferritin are of importance in the construction and improvement of ferritin-based magnetic resonance imaging systems and their application to environmental magnetism. In this study, we carry out integrated magnetic and transmission electron microscopy analyses of horse spleen ferritin (HoSF) to understand the relationships between the magnetic behavior of HoSF and temperature, applied field and grain-size distributions. The R-value from the Wohlfarth-Cisowski test for the investigated sample at 5 K was 0.46, indicating very weak magnetostatic interactions among the nanoparticles of HoSF. The nanoparticles of HoSF show superparamagnetic properties at room temperature, while below the blocking temperature of T _b ≈ 12 K it has a net magnetic moment that comes from the uncompensated spins of the nanoparticle surface or spin-canting. The thermal relaxation process of HoSF follows the Néel-Arrhenius expression. From low-temperature AC susceptibility data, we calculated the effective magnetic anisotropy energy E _a=(5.52±0.16)×10^?21 J; the effective magnetic anisotropy energy constant K _eff =(4.65±0.14)×10⁴ J/m³ and the pre-exponential frequency factor f ₀=(4.52±2.93)×10¹¹ Hz. These values are useful in understanding the magnetic behavior of the antiferromagnetic nanoparticles and their potential application in biomedical technology.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript>2</Subscript> decay estimate of BCL equation

This paper considers linearized BCL system with viscosity which is firstly derived by J. L. Bona, T. Colin and D. Lannes for the study of motion of water waves. L ₂ decay estimate is got by means of Fourier analysis and frequency decomposition. This result plays key role in studying the global well-posedness of corresponding nonlinear system.     

The model of asynchronous parallel nonlinear multisplitting method on shared memory system

Nonlinear multisplitting method is known as parallel iterative methods for solving a large-scale system of nonlinear equationsF(x)=0. We extend the idea of nonlinear multisplitting and consider a new model in which the iteration is executed asynchronously: Each processor calculate the solution of an individual nonlinear system belong to its nonlinear multisplitting and can update the global approximation residing in the shared memory at any time. A local convergence analysis of this model is presented. Finally, we give a numerical example which shows a ‘strange’ property that speedupS _p>p and efficiencyE _p>1.     

煤矿井下无线通信传输信号最佳频率选择

研究了频率对井下电磁波传输特性的影响,采用金属波导法分析了圆形、拱形及弯曲隧道中电磁波的传输特性并给出衰减率近似公式,得出主要结论：在圆形和拱形隧道中,频率越高,衰减率越小,越有利于电磁波的传播：在弯曲隧道中,频率越高,衰减率越大,不利于电磁波的传播;通过特性曲线与井下实验数据相比较得出在900MHz左右为井下无线通信系统传输信号最佳频段。     

An approach to identify the functional transduction and transmission of an activated pathway

In this study, we investigated the features of latency-amplitude (L-A) functions at different sound frequencies, using extracellular recording from auditory neurons in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICC) in mice. Isofrequency L-A functions from single neurons could be fit with a newly developed equation based on Pieron’s law. The high degree of fitness indicates that the curvatures of all isofrequency L-A functions for a given neuron are similar, and that the difference between L-A functions is due to a shift in their positions in the coordinate system. When we normalized the L-A functions to match the position of the L-A function obtained at the neuronal characteristic frequency (CF), all isofrequency L-A functions from a given ICC neuron were highly superimposed. The similar shapes of the L-A functions at different frequencies may reflect the physical laws of sound being transferred into bioelectric signals. The position of a non-CF L-A function could be measured as the differences of the asymptotic L and A ( L and A) compared to the L-A function at a reference frequency such as the CF. The nerve fibers and synapses connecting to a neuron for acoustic information processing can be functionally simplified as a single "wire" (as the total length of nerve fibers) and "joint" (as the summated size/strength of synapses). The wire and joint mediate information transmission and transduction, respectively. Thus, L and A may be measurements of the total length of nerve fibers and the strength of summated synapses in the activated auditory pathway. L and A differed between frequency channels and neurons, suggesting that the differences of acoustic neuronal responses are always caused by activation of different pathways, and that the pathways that process sounds are diverse.     

基于电磁拓扑理论的多孔缝场线耦合分析

为了使电子系统在复杂电磁环境中可以正常工作,通常要对电子系统进行屏蔽处理。但是在屏蔽墙表面不可避免的要开一些小孔,用于通风或者散热等用途,因此出现了多孔屏蔽的问题。基于电磁拓扑理论,分析了位于多孔屏蔽墙后传输线终端对外界电磁波入射的响应。采用偶极子等效原理处理孔缝问题,利用基于Agrawal模型的扩展BLT(Baum-Liu-Tesche)方程给出屏蔽墙后传输线终端感应电流的计算公式。最后计算结果表明:开孔屏蔽层对外界电磁波有明显的屏蔽作用,且屏蔽层上的开孔位置和开孔数量会直接影响传输线的终端响应。