宁东地区延安组高分辨率层序地层分析

宁东地区位于鄂尔多斯盆地西缘构造带,中生界侏罗系延安组是主要含煤地层,而其高分辨率层序地层划分仍然不清。通过对露头、岩芯、测井资料以及延安组沉积体系与构造演化的详细研究,进行层序界面的识别,建立等时层序地层格架并进行高分辨率层序地层划分。研究表明,宁东地区延安组可划分为一个超长周期旋回、4个长周期旋回、11个中期基准面旋回、至少25个短期基准面旋回。     

淮南煤田石炭二叠系中短期基准面族回研究

应用高分辨率层序地层学的思路和分析方法，识别与分析了淮南煤田石炭二叠中短期基准面旋回，划分了中期基准面旋回类型。研究表明，含煤地层中的标志层和关键界面是中、短期基准面旋回划发的重要依据，而中、短期基准面旋回的划分对于进行高精度聚煤规律分析具有实际意义。     

子长地区延长组长6段基准面旋回层序识别

目的探讨鄂尔多斯盆地子长地区上三叠统延长组长6段基准面旋回层序的识别方法、结构特征、变化规律及成因机理。方法根据岩心、露头、测井资料识别界面,应用旋回层序测井响应模式划分层序,采用等时对比方法横向追踪对比旋回层序。结果研究区长6段可划分为1个长期、7个中期、31个短期旋回层序,建立了研究区以长期旋回层序为框架、以中期旋回层序为对比单元的等时地层格架。结论晚三叠世鄂尔多斯盆地超长期基准面下降之初的三角洲建设时期,研究区沉积了以长6段为主体的C1型长期基准面旋回层序,其长、中期旋回层序等时地层格架的建立为进一步开展短期、超短期旋回层序划分与对比、小层砂体追踪及流动单元识别奠定了基础。     

河流相地层相序特征、河型演化及层序地层模式分析——以扶新隆起带北坡泉三段河流相沉积为例

通过对扶新隆起带北坡采三段河流相地层开展高分辨率层序地层研究,在对短期基准面旋回相序特征和中期基准面旋回河道类型演化分析的基础上,根据基准面及河流水位的变化对研究区目的层进行了体系域的划分,并进一步建立了层序地层模式。     

利用测井曲线自动划分层序地层的方法研究

目的根据已有测井资料和基准面旋回原理来实现计算机自动划分高分辨率层序地层。方法通过自然伽马测井曲线计算出泥砂比、砂泥比曲线,然后利用这些曲线求出地层短期基准面变化曲线,最后根据短期基准面变化曲线划分出不同级别的层序。结果测井曲线为地层基准面旋回的自动识别提供了可靠信息,在鄂尔多斯盆地部分区块进行了应用,取得了较好的效果,为层序地层划分提供了有效的工具。结论在层序分析过程中,利用这一技术实现了层序地层划分计算机化,极大地提高了高分辨率层序地层划分的精度和效率。     

陕北地区上三叠统延长组层序地层格架内岩性油气藏分析

应用高分辨率层序地层学的原理和方法,综合露头、钻井、岩芯以及测井资料,在鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区延长组长7-长4+5识别出长61底部为三级基准面旋回的层序界面,并划分出1个三级基准面下降半旋回与1个三级基准面上升半旋回,由此建立露头与井下高分辨层序地层格架;通过地层充填序列和基准面的变化关系,构建大型坳陷湖盆高分辨率层序地层格架内砂体的分布模型;在层序地层格架内对岩性油气藏的分布进行分析预测.研究结果表明:层序的演化对岩性油气藏的发育起控制作用;基准面旋回下降期和层序界面附近是有利的岩性油气藏分布区.     

松辽盆地三肇凹陷东部葡萄花油层高分辨率层序地层模式探讨

 针对三肇凹陷东部葡萄花油层地层对比和划分中存在的不统一现象,依据8口井岩心和1700口井测井资料及地震资料,应用高分辨率层序地层学理论对三肇凹陷东部葡萄花油层进行层序地层学研究,将三肇凹陷东部葡萄花油层划分为2个中期基准面旋回和9个短期基准面旋回;葡萄花油层的地层发育模式为向南地层厚度减薄,葡萄花油层顶上移、底下移,各层渐薄,而非中部缺失或底部缺失的层序地层新格架。中期基准面旋回的转换点位于SSC₄中部,转换点以下为下降半旋回,转换点以上为上升半旋回的地层发育模式,并建立了研究区与三肇凹陷统一的高分辨率层序地层格架。该地层格架的建立为后期油藏开发提供可靠地质依据。     

琼东南盆地第三纪高分辨率层序地层划分特征

通过对南海北部琼东南盆地第三纪地震、测井曲线和岩相资料的3综合分析，进行了高分辨率层序地层划分。盆地充填序列按古构造运动面划分为5个超层序，分别与盆地演化的阶段性相当。在其内部可进一步划分为19个Ⅲ级层序和42个Ⅳ级层序。并以基准面旋回为基础，长周期基准面旋回为周期，短周期为成因地层单元，论述了不同结构和叠加样式的短期旋回型式及在中长期旋回中的分布规律，基准面变化与层序发育特征、层序分布模式、沉积体系类型和盆地充填演化序列，以及与油气储盖组合的关系。     

保山盆地羊邑组二～三段高分辨率层序地层分析

通过精细划分对比地层、深入分析层序结构、建立层序地层格架,综合分析了保山盆地的露头剖面、钻井岩芯、测井资料,在羊邑组二～三段内识别出了3类不同级次的层序界面。根据划分出的各层序界面将羊邑组二～三段细分为9个中期、31个短期、66个超短期基准面旋回层序。在此基础上,分析了各级次基准面旋回层序的垂向序列、岩性岩相组合、结构类型及叠加样式等特征,重点讨论了向上“变深”的非对称型和对称型2类超短期基准面旋回层序类型。进一步探讨了高分辨率层序地层学在扇三角洲-湖泊沉积体系的地层划分与对比、地层格架构建中的应用。     

鄂尔多斯盆地城华地区长3油组高分辨率层序地层学分析

运用高分辨率层序地层学的基准面旋回原理,以钻井、测井资料的综合研究为基础,对鄂尔多斯盆地城华地区长3油层组进行高分辨率层序地层学分析,将其划分为超短期、短期和中期3个级次的基准面旋回层序.各级基准面旋回可进一步分为向上"变深"和向上"变浅"非对称型与对称型两大类3种基本层序类型和更多的亚类型.重点论述了超短期基准面旋回层序沉积背景、叠加式样和沉积动力学过程.在研究超短期和短期旋回叠加和分布规律的基础上,总结出短期基准面旋回的分布模式.研究表明自水下分流河道向河口坝中期基准面旋回层序结构稳定的变化规律,与处于三角洲强烈进积期的长3油层组沉积演化特征是一致的.     

封面人物简介—李士伦

Li Shi-lun, a Communist Party member, was born in January 1935 in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, studying in Soviet Union at his early years. Professor, Doctoral Tutor. Former Vice President of Southwest Petroleum Institute, Director for "China - Canada Gas Center" , Deputy Director of the Academic Committee in the State Key Laboratory of "Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation" and Deputy Director of the Academic Committee in Key Laboratory of China Petroleum "Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Development". The former member of the Science and Technology Committee in Oil Industry Ministry and the consultant expert for higher education in China National Petroleum Corporation. The expert in education with outstanding contributions in oil industry, enjoying the special allowances from State Council. The academic leader in science and technology and academia in Sichuan Province. He has once served many terms as Magazine Editor and Consultant for Natural Gas Industry, Director and Editor in Chief for Journal of Southwest Petroleum University, and the Vice Director of the Natural Gas Committee of Sichuan Provincial Petroleum Institute and Measurement Institute.Professor Li Shi-lun is a domestic well-known specialist in the development of gas field and gas condensate field. For the past 50 years, he has been committed to the research on new theories, new methods and new technology for complex gas field development, research on theory, experiment and application of oil and gas phase state in gas condensate field and oil field, and technology research on improving oil recovery by gas injection. He has undertaken cooperation projects of national, provincial and ministerial and major scientific and technological for more than 70 items, and won a second prize in national scientific and technological progress, two first prize and six second and third prize in provincial and ministerial scientific and technological progress, two second prize in provincial and ministerial excellent teaching achievements. A total of eight monographs, teaching materials and translations et al has been published, including one national planning teaching material and one teaching materials for the 21st century. More than 110 articles have been published in domestic and foreign papers. Two post-doctors were guided and more than 90 Doctors and Masters were trained by Li Shi-lun.He improved cube equation of state (LHHSS Equation), led the development of mercury vicarious medium and mercury-free PVT meter, and took the lead in the research of oil and gas phase state in porous medium. Most of the results were on top at home, and some reached the international advanced level.In view of the reservoir characteristic of various and complex types and more tough producing reserves, he proposed earlier that we should develop China's enhanced oil recovery technology multivariately and by adjusting measures to local conditions. At the early 1990s, he again took the lead in the research of enhancing oil recovery by gas injection in China, cooperated with major oil fields and applied the gas injection theory and technology to China's 14 oil regions and 26 oil fields, which played the role of theoretical guidance and technical support, making significant economic and social benefits, training the talent, as well as promoting the development of China's oil field gas injection cause.He covers extensively and is knowledgeable, rigorous for study, uniting the colleague, taking care to the overall situation, exerting the advantage of the team, and a person of exemplary virtue .So he gets the respect from school and oil industry, enjoying great prestige.He was once in charge of teaching, pursued for education, cared for students and made painstaking efforts to promote the development of our school’s educational quality, subject construction, scientific research, postgraduate cause and international academic exchanges. He cares for studious students with economic poverty. Allying the schoolfellow, he sets up the "teachers’ scholarship" with private donations. He and other school leaders together won the international aid with a value of 9 million U.S. dollars and made significant contribution for projects construction of our school’s State Key Laboratory of "Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation", "China-Canada Gas Centre" and "Completion Center", as well as the acquirement of post-doctoral station, state key disciplines and Dr. points.     

本期导读

伴随着“两会”的春风,西南石油大学学报2008年第2期如期与您相见。　　2008年3月5日,国务院总理温家宝在十一届全国人大一次会议上所作的政府工作报告中指出：2008年工作的主要任务包括“实施基础研究、高技术研究和科技支撑计划以及优先发展教育”。与此相呼应,本期的学报具有以下两大特点：（1）及时报道了我国石油工业主要领域的科技成果（国家级重大科研基金资助论文11篇）;（2）体现了我国石油天然气行业高校师生的学术水平（84%的文章第一作者来自全国8所高校）。　　资料显示,2007年中国生产天然气693.1×108 m3,并预计2008年天然气产量将达到760×108 m3。四川盆地东北部三叠系飞仙关组是近年来我国发现的重要天然气储集层,可采储量已达5 000×108 m3左右,川东北已成为我国油气的重点勘探地区之一。西南石油大学教授、博士生导师司马立强结合国家863专项研究课题（2006AA06Z220）的研究成果,撰写了《川东北飞仙关组储层孔隙度计算方法探讨》。详细讨论了缝洞对三孔隙度曲线的影响,提出了缝洞性储层求取孔隙度的新思路及模型计算方法,该方法提高了孔隙度计算精度,值得借鉴。　　《大尺度溶洞裂缝型油藏试井新模型》由“油气藏地质及开发工程”国家重点实验室博士（后）彭小龙等人撰写,从主要特征、试井模型、实例分析方面针对常规试井模型解释结果与大尺度缝洞型油藏地质特征不相符问题,以一个缝洞和两个缝洞为例,建立了拟稳态条件下的流动方程,采用Laplace变换和逆变换,得到实空间的解析解。其研究内容为国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目（2006CB202403）的部分研究成果,对于石油天然气工程及其相关领域的研究具有重要的指导意义。　　受世界石油供需变化的影响,如何在新形势下调整产品结构、合理利用有限资源,成为石蜡开发应用值得关注的热点问题。成都理工大学教授、博士生导师汪灵在国家自然科学基金资助项目、国家“十五”科技攻关计划重点项目研究的基础上,撰写了《硬脂酸对石蜡熔点及力学性能的影响》,其研究成果对石蜡在工业中的进一步运用有一定的参考价值。　　提高硬地层钻井速度是世界公认的钻井难题。从事钻井工程的读者不妨阅读一下由西南石油大学副教授伍开松等人撰写的《粒子冲击钻井技术述评》。论文以粒子冲击钻井系统的整个工艺流程为依据,评述了粒子冲击钻井技术的优点和缺点,阐述了其破岩机理,推介了一种高效经济的深井硬地层钻井的新方法。　　《油田产量构成二层规划模型及其应用》由西南石油大学教授谢祥俊等人完成,论文针对目前油田的实际管理组织结构,采用二层规划模型,对油田生产过程中的最优化问题进行了研究。模型应用于国内多个中、后期开发油田的开发规划中,产生了很好的经济效益。研究内容对油田生产规划具有一定的指导意义。　　库车拗陷位于塔里木盆地北部南天山山前地区,是近年来塔里木盆地油气勘探的主战场。中国石油大学教授、博士生导师汤良杰率领的研究团队在国家自然科学基金项目、国家“973”计划项目研究的基础上,撰写了《库车西秋里塔格构造带中、新生代构造演化》,根据平衡剖面原理,对两条地质剖面进行构造复原,结合两口井的沉降史分析,研究得出了该带中、新生代的构造演化特征。对于该区下一步的油气勘探具有重要的指导意义。　　一年之计在于春。我们在春天播种希望,希望广大读者一如既往地对学报给予关心和支持,多提宝贵意见,帮助改进工作。让我们共同努力,把西南石油大学学报办得更好！     

封面人物简介—贾承造

Jia Chengzao, the CCP member, was born in Lanzhou, Gansu province, in 1948. He is the member of Academic Committee of State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation of Southwest Petroleum University. Graduated from Regional Geology and Mineral Survey of Geology Institute, Xinjiang Technical College, in 1975. He was studying in Geology Institute of Nanjing University from September in 1980 to February in 1987, and finally won the Master and Doctor degrees of Structural Geology and Geophysics. He was engaged in Geology Research on Tarim Basin from 1989 to 2000, was in EXXON Oil Company of America as a visiting scholar from 1996 to 1997, was geologist of PetroChina Company Limited and president of China National Petroleum Corporation from 2000 to 2004, was elected academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is now the vice president of PetroChina Company Limited.Academician Jia Chengzao worked on oil and gas reservoir exploration and research in Tarim Basin for a long time, consummately carried on multi-disciplinary comprehensive research on oil and gas geology and structural geology of Tarim Basin, achieving series of significant development. He discovered and proved the biggest national high quality gas field Kela Gas Field 2 through his decision and organization, laying a resource foundation for West-East Gas Transmission and establishment of Tarim Gas Region, making important contribution to accelerated development of the national gas industry and the west development. He carried on multi-disciplinary multi-level and multi-direction comprehensive research on Tarim Basin, the biggest national basin: finding out the internal structure of the basin and conforming the basin style. He proposed the conception of Basin Group of Northern Tethys Tectonic Zone margin and their Rich Gas, pointing out that the basin group form Karakum basin in middle asia eastwardly to Tarim basin and Qaidam basin is a unified big gas region, which powerfully guided the exploration of depression gas in Kuche with the discovery of Kela Gas Field 2, and summarized and established the theory of ultra-high pressure gas field in foreland thrust belt for the first time in the world, making significant contribution on enriching the theory of oil and gas. In recent years, he devoted to research on petroleum exploration in China, proposed the Four-theories of onshore oil and gas exploration, including foreland thrust belt, lithologic stratigraphic oil and gas reservoir, the mature areas and the new areas, greatly developing and enriching the petroleum exploration of China, forcefully guided the onshore petroleum exploration of China in recent years, with large quantities of exploration achievement.     

刘庄储气库注采气井177.8mm套管配套固井技术

简要介绍了苏北盆地金湖凹陷北部斜坡刘庄构造的九口储气库注采气井区块地层特征和储气库的重要性,分析了其固井技术难点。由渤海钻探第一固井公司完成刘庄储气库注采气井Φ177.8mm套管固井施工中,着重从井眼准备、采用驱油去污前置液、双凝双密度防漏水泥浆体系、提高井眼顶替效率等固井技术措施, 保证了固井质量。储层和盖层井段固井质量优质,优质率100%。实践表明,该固井技术适合刘庄储气库固井的需要, 满足西气东输管道公司储气库项目部对该储气库井完井的固井质量要求,形成了相应的配套固井技术。     

沁水盆地煤地质与煤层气聚集单元特征研究

通过对沁水盆地煤层气聚集单元分析,可以看出煤层气聚集单元划分需要查明影响煤层气成藏的各种地质因素。煤层气聚集成藏是天然气成藏中的特殊情况,其特殊的成因机制使得聚集单元分析不能套用常规石油天然气聚集单元的划分原则,其中煤地质基础研究特别是煤层气基础研究是煤层气聚集单元分析的基础;对于一个完整盆地,煤聚积规律研究对煤层气最为重要,因此应该在高分辨率层序地层单元划分的基础上进行精细的富煤单元分析;对于指导煤层气勘探与开发,盆地内部次级单元的划分是实用的,也是难度更大的;沁水盆地煤层气聚集单元可以用以下“富气区”描述,即沁南极富气区、东翼斜坡带富气区、西翼斜坡带低富气区、西山较低富气区和高平一晋城低富气区,因此沁南区是煤层气成藏有利区。     

封面人物简介—徐僖

徐僖院士,高分子材料科学家,中国科学院院士,我国高分子材料学科的奠基人之一。现任四川大学教授、高分子研究所所长,上海交通大学教授、高分子材料研究所所长。西南石油大学“油气藏地质及开发工程”国家重点实验室第二届学术委员会委员。《高分子材料科学与工程》、《油田化学》期刊主编。曾任《中国大百科全书·化工》高分子化工分支主编,《中国大百科全书·化学》高分子化学分支副主编,《材料科学技术百科全书》高分子材料分支主编。 徐僖教授长期从事高分子化学、高分子材料成型基础理论、高分子力化学、油田化学、辐射化学等领域的研究。早在20世纪50年代后期,他即致力于高分子力化学的研究。力化学是化学与力学交叉的学科,高分子力化学一般较多研究应力导致高分子材料性能下降与结构破坏,他则着重研究应力对高分子材料的正效应。美国著名力化学家R.S.Porter在其专著《Polymer Stress Reactions(Academic Press,New York,1979)》中摘录了徐僖教授20世纪60年代的全部研究成果。20世纪80年代,徐僖教授和他领导的科研群体通过超声作用合成了18种难以从其单体合成的嵌段/接枝共聚物,可用作不相容聚合物的增容剂,油、气田勘探开发用的化学品和金属冷加工润滑剂等新型高分子材料。研究成果“在超声作用下聚合物的降解和接枝（嵌段）共聚”被认为达到国际先进水平,获得1987年国家自然科学奖二等奖。徐僖教授在他长期从事的研究领域先后在国内外学术刊物上发表研究论文300余篇,撰写出版著作、译著4本,获国家发明专利28项。曾获国家自然科学奖、国家发明奖等20余项国家、部委、省级奖励以及高分子材料学科建设与高层次人才培养国家级优秀教学成果奖、何梁何利基金科学与技术进步奖、侯德榜化工科学技术奖成就奖等。曾被授予全国高等学校先进科技工作者、全国教育系统劳动模范、国防军工协作先进个人等称号。徐僖教授早已年逾八旬,却仍然辛勤工作在科研和教学第一线。他说：“我没有风烛残年之感,也没有仅能发挥余热的凄凉。我想到的是如何与国内同行、海外华人共同努力,树立我们中华民族在国际高分子材料科学领域在国际上的声誉和地位。”他的人生格言是“人生的乐趣在于无私奉献”。他最大的心愿是“中国人能在世界上普遍受到尊重”。     

The key stage and moment of coalbed gas reservior evolution in the Qinshui Basin,China

The evolution of coalbed gas reservoir is characterized by coalbed gas geochemistry and gas content. On the basis of burial history and thermal history, the forming process of coalbed gas reservoir and the gas accumulative history in the Qinshui Basin are discussed in this paper. The difference of the thermal history, geochemistry characteristic, and gas accumulative history between Yangcheng and Huozhou areas shows that the formation of coalbed gas reservoir in the Qinshui Basin is controlled by the geological process in the critical stage and the critical moment. The components and isotopes of coalbed methane are determined by the stage at which the coal maturation reaches its maximum rank. The coalbed methane accumulative history is related to the temperature and pressure of the coal burial history, because the coalbed gas is mainly in adsorptive state. It is stated that the gas content in the coal seam is controlled by the moment when the coal seam is uplifted to the shallowest position.     

浅层低煤阶煤层气成藏条件分析

针对我国煤层气勘探开发的难题,从煤层气藏的气源和保存条件入手,深入分析了生物气作为气源在浅层低煤阶煤层气藏形成中的重要性,并研究了盖层条件、水文地质条件及甲烷菌的生气条件在浅层低煤阶煤层气藏的形成和保存过程中所起的作用.认为中国煤层气的勘探开发不应受氧化带的限制,在煤层上覆封盖条件较好的浅层寻找浅层低煤阶煤层气藏可能获得良好的经济效益.     

天然气成藏动力学机制发展趋势分析

目的研究天然气成藏机理与分布规律。方法国内外相关文献综合分析。结果对天然气成藏动力学机制的研究主要围绕背斜圈闭气藏(含上倾型构造及地层圈闭)、向斜圈闭气藏(深盆气圈闭)及煤层气藏(源内气藏)3类气藏进行,但是,研究的侧重点差别很大。其中,对背斜气藏的研究主要侧重天然气初次运移、二次运移、聚集及保存机制的研究,对向斜圈闭气藏的研究主要侧重于气水倒置形成、气藏异常压力形成机制的研究,而对煤层气藏的研究则主要侧重煤孔隙的形成、煤层气富集及保存机制研究。存在问题:其一,把背斜气藏和向斜气藏当成两种成藏动力学机制完全不同的气藏类型,其动力学依据不充分;其二,没有解决气源岩内天然气初次运移机制和聚集机制的矛盾。结论建议应加强两方面的研究:其一,以盆地升降运动为动力学基础,研究天然气成藏的动力学机制;其二,以烃源岩—断裂—储气层为基本输导格架,研究不同输导介质中天然气成藏的动力学机制。上述研究有望解决不同类型天然气藏形成动力学存在的问题。     

黑龙江省煤层气勘探前景分析—以鸡西、勃利盆地为例

随着我国天然气需求日益增大和国内外煤层气勘探开发技术的成熟,煤层气已经成为常规天然气现实的补充和接替目标。黑龙江省煤炭资源丰富,含煤盆地众多,煤层气资源潜力大,具有较好的勘探前景。本文通过对鸡西、勃利盆地钻井资料分析,评价了煤层特征并预测了城子河组煤层的厚度和空间分布。通过对煤层厚度、埋深和变质程度等因素综合分析认为鸡西盆地含煤层性好,含气量高,是黑龙江省煤层气勘探开发的重点探区。勃利盆地煤层分布广,含气量达到开发标准,但煤层薄,间距大,埋深较大,可做为煤层气勘探的远景探区。