双三次B—样条曲面的G^1连续条件

非均匀有理B－样条曲面（NURBS）是曲面构造的常用工具,是目前工业界面曲线表示的数学标准,B－样条曲面尽管是一种特殊NURBS,但在实际应用中是首选形式,本文得到了关于两个双三次B－样条曲面片B1连续的充分必要条件和在公共边界线上控制向一的本征条件,这些条件直接由两个B－样条曲面控制向量表示。     

均匀结点情形下的两类二阶三角B-样条曲线

给出两类均匀结点情形下二阶三角B-样条基函数的定义,分析它们的构造过程,性质,并分别用其生成二阶三角B-样条函数和二阶三角B-样条曲线.其中第一类曲线是三点分段的,即由前后相继3个控制点决定一段曲线,与二阶B-样条曲线类似,第二类曲线是四点分段的,即由前后相继4个控制点决定一段曲线,与三阶B-样条曲线类似.讨论这两类曲线的性质及它们之间的关系.针对第一类曲线,还给出了重结点情形下基函数的定义并分析了这种情形下曲线的情况.将第一类二阶三角B-样条曲线与一阶三角B-样条曲线进行了对比,得出相同结点向量下,二阶三角B-样条曲线更加接近控制多边形的结论.     

一种二阶连续的插值曲线和曲面

提出一种具有局部控制性能的二阶连续的三次插值样条曲线和双三次插值样条曲面.这种曲线和曲面克服了B-样条曲线和曲面在进行曲线和曲面插值中的一些缺点,是对B2样条的一种推广.     

TC-B样条曲线曲面的拼接

TC-B样条保留了B样条的优点,克服了B样条不能精确表示一些二次曲线曲面的缺点,同时由于控制参数a的引入而具有更强的灵活性.文章给出了n次均匀TC-B样条基函数的递推表达式,讨论三次TC-B样条曲线段之间及其与二次TC-B样条曲线段的G1和G2拼接,并给出了均匀剖分上的双二次TC-B样条曲面片的G1和G2连续条件.     

两邻接二次B样条曲面G1光滑拼接的充分条件

利用二次B样条曲面的矩阵表达式,将B样条曲面进行分片表示,给出了两邻接二次B样条曲面间的G1光滑拼接的充分条件.该拼接算法易于实现,在CAGD的复杂曲面造型中,具有一定的实用价值.     

基于OpenGL的双三次B样条曲面分类与实现

首先,根据双三次B样条曲面的定义对双三次B样条曲面按节点向量中的分布情况不同,将其分为均匀的双三次B样条曲面、开放性均匀双三次B样条曲面、分段Bezier双三次B样条曲面、非均匀双三次B样条曲面4种类型,同时阐述了4种类型按控制点和节点向量对曲面控制的优缺点。然后,利用OpenGL中给定的函数从向量间距确定,双三次B样条网格特征定义到双三次B样条曲面的接口函数使用,完成上述各类双三次B样条曲面的绘制。     

C-B样条曲线与T-B样条曲线的G1拼接

在对T-B样条基函数及曲线端点特性分析的基础上提出了n 1阶T-B样条基函数表达式及求解方法.给出了C-B样条曲线与T-B样条曲线的G1拼接条件.在这种条件下,当C-B样条曲线和T-B样条曲线拼接时,可增加控制顶点使C-B样条曲线通过控制多边形的首末顶点,并与首末边相切.并给出应用实例,即利用T-B样条曲线能精确表示半椭圆弧(半圆弧)的特点,与C-B样条曲线进行G1拼接,从而解决了C-B样条曲面造型中无法精确表示半椭圆弧(半圆弧)的问题.     

两相邻3次B样条曲面G~1连续充分条件

根据参数曲面几何连续性定义,利用3次B样条曲面的矩阵表达式,给出了两邻接3次B样条曲面间的G1光滑拼接的充分条件.该拼接算法易于实现,数值算例表明了算法的有效性.     

多尺度NURBS曲面间的G1连续算法

利用准均匀B样条基函数和二维B样条小波的多分辨分析理论, 简述了准均匀B样条基函数作为尺度函数而构造的B样条小波及其分解算法, 并给出了NURBS曲面的分解算法. 基于NURBS曲面(B样条曲面)的G¹连续条件及其多尺度表示, 给出了两个多尺度NURBS曲面间保持G¹连续的算法与实现过程.     

光滑曲面片上的G1插值曲线

限制在光滑曲面上的插值曲线是计算机辅助几何设计中一个较新研究方向,实现在曲面上曲线插值的主要思想是利用曲面与其参数之间的对应关系,将其转化为一般的曲线插值问题.提出了一种新的、实用的算法,将曲面上插值点列和单位切向量投影到平面上,在平面上构造样条插值曲线,该样条插值曲线的插值柱面与曲面的交线即为过曲面上给定点列的G1插值曲线.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the