婴幼儿谷物类辅助食品中磷含量测定不确定度评定

根据GB 5009.87-2016中钒钼黄分光光度法测定婴幼儿谷物类辅助食品中磷含量的分析,建立数学模型,分析不确定度来源,推导出各分量不确定度计算公式,对所有不确定度分量进行合成.得出婴幼儿谷物类辅助食品中磷含量不确定度评定结果.结果 表明:当婴幼儿谷物类辅助食品中磷含量为378 mg/100 g时,其扩展不确定度为...     

蒙氏数学学具操作与幼儿加减运算的研究与反思

蒙台梭利数学学具本身蕴含着丰富的数学教育思想,幼儿按照规则操作更容易形成数学经验,获得数学知识,养成数学思维。通过蒙台梭利数学学具来验证学具操作与幼儿加减法运算能力之间的相互关系。幼儿不同的操作行为,实质上是幼儿不同的数学思维水平的外在显现。     

Old galaxies in the young Universe

More than half of all stars in the local Universe are found in massive spheroidal galaxies, which are characterized by old stellar populations with little or no current star formation. In present models, such galaxies appear rather late in the history of the Universe as the culmination of a hierarchical merging process, in which larger galaxies are assembled through mergers of smaller precursor galaxies. But observations have not yet established how, or even when, the massive spheroidals formed, nor if their seemingly sudden appearance when the Universe was about half its present age (at redshift z approximately 1) results from a real evolutionary effect (such as a peak of mergers) or from the observational difficulty of identifying them at earlier epochs. Here we report the spectroscopic and morphological identification of four old, fully assembled, massive (10(11) solar masses) spheroidal galaxies at l.6 < z < 1.9, the most distant such objects currently known. The existence of such systems when the Universe was only about one-quarter of its present age shows that the build-up of massive early-type galaxies was much faster in the early Universe than has been expected from theoretical simulations.     

Dance reveals symmetry especially in young men

Dance is believed to be important in the courtship of a variety of species, including humans, but nothing is known about what dance reveals about the underlying phenotypic--or genotypic--quality of the dancer. One measure of quality in evolutionary studies is the degree of bodily symmetry (fluctuating asymmetry, FA), because it measures developmental stability. Does dance quality reveal FA to the observer and is the effect stronger for male dancers than female? To answer these questions, we chose a population that has been measured twice for FA since 1996 (ref. 9) in a society (Jamaican) in which dancing is important in the lives of both sexes. Motion-capture cameras created controlled stimuli (in the form of videos) that isolated dance movements from all other aspects of visual appearance (including FA), and the same population evaluated these videos for dancing ability. Here we report that there are strong positive associations between symmetry and dancing ability, and these associations were stronger in men than in women. In addition, women rate dances by symmetrical men relatively more positively than do men, and more-symmetrical men value symmetry in women dancers more than do less-symmetrical men. In summary, dance in Jamaica seems to show evidence of sexual selection and to reveal important information about the dancer.     

A young massive planet in a star-disk system

There is a general consensus that planets form within disks of dust and gas around newly born stars. Details of their formation process, however, are still a matter of ongoing debate. The timescale of planet formation remains unclear, so the detection of planets around young stars with protoplanetary disks is potentially of great interest. Hitherto, no such planet has been found. Here we report the detection of a planet of mass (9.8+/-3.3)M(Jupiter) around TW Hydrae (TW Hya), a nearby young star with an age of only 8-10 Myr that is surrounded by a well-studied circumstellar disk. It orbits the star with a period of 3.56 days at 0.04 au, inside the inner rim of the disk. This demonstrates that planets can form within 10 Myr, before the disk has been dissipated by stellar winds and radiation.     

我国青年女性乳腺癌的临床和病理特点

目的探讨我国青年女性乳腺癌的临床和病理特点。方法全面收集国内关于青年女性乳腺的临床研究论文。青年女性(≤35岁)乳腺癌患者为研究组,>35岁以上女性乳腺癌患者为对照组。结果共检索符合纳入标准及排除标准的论文8篇,包括4881例病例,研究组发病至就诊时间明显长于对照组。采用随机效应模型进行meta分析,两组的TNM分期、腋窝淋巴结转移、免疫组化有显著差异,病理分型、5年生存率无明显差异。结论青年女性乳腺癌虽然更多发生腋窝淋巴结转移,TNM分期较晚,ER阳性率低,但经积极治疗,可能取得与中老年女性乳腺癌一样的效果,年龄不是影响预后的独立因素。     

我国青年女性乳腺癌的临床和病理特点

目的 探讨我国青年女性乳腺癌的临床和病理特点.方法 全面收集国内关于青年女性乳腺的临床研究论文.青年女性(≤35岁)乳腺癌患者为研究组,＞35岁以上女性乳腺癌患者为对照组.结果 共检索符合纳入标准及排除标准的论文8篇,包括4881例病例,研究组发病至就诊时间明显长于对照组.采用随机效应模型进行meta分析,两组的TNM分期、腋窝淋巴结转移、免疫组化有显著差异,病理分型、5年生存率无明显差异.结论 青年女性乳腺癌虽然更多发生腋窝淋巴结转移,TNM分期较晚,ER阳性率低,但经积极治疗,可能取得与中老年女性乳腺癌一样的效果,年龄不是影响预后的独立因素.     

早期混凝土轴心受拉试件的制作

针对早期混凝土的特点,利用自行设计制作的混凝土轴心受拉试件,成功解决了实验中试件对中困难、应力集中和黏结力小等问题,得出了理想的早期混凝土轴心受拉应力-变形全曲线.结果表明:该试件应用于混凝土轴心受拉实验是可行的,对同类型的实验具有一定的参考价值.     

浅谈汉语中对陌生年轻女性的称谓语缺环

称谓语使甩的能力,是交际能力的一种体现,然而称谓语造成的尴尬相当普遍。其中一个例子就是人们在面对陌生年轻女性时,不知如何称呼,存在着称谓缺环。“小姐”、“大姐”、“姑娘”、“美女”等几个称谓语都不能弥补这个缺环。汉语中称谓语缺环现象是新旧观念的撞击造成的,解决的途径是要转变人们的伦理观念,建立一种开放的新型的语言交际观。     

年轻脉冲星的X-射线非热辐射

年轻的转动驱动脉冲星有较高的自转能损率(Lsd≥1036erg.s-1),而且都有非常高的非热X-射线辐射,利用新的外间隙模型,计算年轻脉冲星的非热X-射线光度,并与观测到的17颗年轻脉冲星的非热X-射线光度能量范围为2~10 keV的观测结果进行比较,模型的计算结果和观测数据吻合较好.