灯盏花素对缺血性记忆障碍和血脑屏障的保护作用

采用行为观察和生化检测相结合的方法,研究了灯盏花素对小鼠缺血性记忆障碍和血脑屏障的保护作用．结果表明：前脑重复缺血再灌注使小鼠的学习记忆能力显著下降（P〈0．01）,同时伴随脑内髓过氧化物酶（MPO）活性上升（P〈0.01）、脑组织伊文思蓝（EB）及水含量升高（P〈0.01）．灯盏花素治疗可提高缺血小鼠的学习记忆能力,并使脑组织EB含量下降（P〈0.05和P〈0.01）、水含量减少（P〈0.05）,使血脑屏障损伤程度有所减轻;同时,伴随MPO活性的下降（P〈0.05和P〈0.01）,炎症反应减弱．提示灯盏花素能减轻缺血再灌注引起的脑损伤,改善小鼠的学习记忆能力．该作用可能与灯盏花素提高脑组织抗血脑屏障损伤和抗炎症反应能力有关．     

大鼠实验性肝硬化形成过程中的病理变化对门静脉压力及血流动力学的影响

目的：通过对实验性大鼠肝硬化时门静脉压力与血流动力学的变化,了解门脉高压的形成过程。方法：采用治疗前后自身对照的方法,观察80只健康Wistar大鼠（注射前为对照组）及大鼠皮下注射四氯化碳后（实验组）肝组织的病理改变过程中其门静脉压力与血流动力学的变化。结果：实验性肝硬化过程中肝细胞经历了变性、坏死、纤维组织增生及假小叶形成;门静脉内径、血流速度、血流量在注射四氯化碳（CCl4）2周后明显升高（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）;15周时由于形成了侧枝循环,上述测值又明显降低（P〈0．01）;实验组门脉压力与充血分数除在10周时与对照组比较变化无统计学意义外（P〉0．05）,2、5、15周时与对照组比较,差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）;门静脉压力与内径、充血分数的相关系数分别为0．16、0．36（P〉0．05）。结论：大鼠在肝硬化形成过程中随着病理变化门静脉压力与血流动力学均发生动态变化。     

2型糖尿病脂代谢紊乱及胰岛素抵抗与视网膜病变的关系

测定了80例2型糖尿病和30例正常对照组的血脂谱、空腹血糖（FBG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）、空腹胰岛素（FISN）、胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）等指标并进行比较分析,将糖尿病患者分为：非糖尿病视网膜病变组（NDR）、背景期DR（BDR）及增殖期DR（PDR）。结果表明：与正常对照组比较,糖尿病各组HbAlc、FINS、FBG、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、载脂蛋白-B（Apol-B）、载脂蛋白-A／B显著升高（P〈0．05或0．01）,ISI、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）则明显降低（P〈0．05或0．01）,各组之间载脂蛋白-Al（Apol-Al）含量无显著性差异（P〉0．05）;糖尿病各组间进行两两比较,TG、HbAlc在NDR组、BDR组、PDR组中逐渐升高,ISI则依次降低（P〈0．05）,BDR组、PDR组FINS明显高于NDR组（P〈0．05）．但PDR组和BDR组之间差异无显著性（P〉0．05）,各糖尿病组间的FBG、TC、LDL、Apol-B、Apol-A／B无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。说明脂代谢紊乱及胰岛素抵抗可能与2型糖尿病视网膜病变关系密切。     

应用彩色多普勒超声评价2型糖尿病足患者胫前（后）动脉血流动力学与血清C反应蛋白的关系

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声评价2型糖尿病患者胫前（后）动脉血流动力学与血清C-反应蛋白（cRP）的关系。方法应用酶免法测定血清CRP浓度;应用彩色多普勒超声对2型糖尿病患者进行检测,计算胫前（后）动脉内径、内-中膜厚度、峰值血流速度、搏动指数、阻力指数及斑块发生率。结果CRP在2型糖尿病足患者血清中的浓度明显高于健康对照组,差异有显著性;胫前和胫后动脉内径和峰值血流速度明显低于健康对照组,而内-中膜厚度、搏动指数和阻力指数明显高于健康对照组,差异均有显著性,CRP浓度与胫前和胫后动脉内径和峰值血流速度呈负相关,而与内-中膜厚度、搏动指数和阻力指数呈正相关。结论血清CRP血症是致动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素;彩色多普勒超声能正确评价2型糖尿病足患者胫前（后）动脉的病理改变及血流动力学变化。     

日粮中添加大豆黄酮对大鼠生长及疲劳应激反应能力的影响

日粮中添加大豆黄酮，研究其对大鼠生长及抗疲劳应激能力的影响．结果显示，添加大豆黄酮组大鼠平均增重显著提高（P〈0．05），料重比显著降低（P〈0．05），表明大豆黄酮具有显著促生长作用．与正常对照组相比，疲劳应激对照组大鼠血清GSH-Px活性极显著下降（P〈0．01），MDA含量显著上升（P〈0．05），血糖含量极显著上升（P〈0.01），胰岛素水平有所升高而IL-2水平有所降低，差异均不显著（P〉0．05）．与疲劳应激对照组相比，大豆黄酮疲劳应激组GSH-Px活性极显著上升（P〈0．01），血糖含量显著上升（P〈0．05），胰岛素水平显著下降（P〈0．05），MDA含量有所下降，IL-2水平有所上升，但差异均不显著（P〉0．05）．结果提示，日粮中添加大豆黄酮一定程度上能增强机体抗疲劳能力．     

冠心病合并2型糖尿病女性患者冠状动脉造影特点分析

目的分析冠心病合并2型糖尿病女性患者冠状动脉造影特点及临床危险因素,探讨糖尿病对冠状动脉病变的作用机制。方法将2005年11月～2008年11月在我院经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠心病的女性患者168例,按有无2型糖尿病（DM）分为糖尿病组（DM组）和非糖尿病组（nonDM组）,对其冠状动脉造影资料、危险因素进行分析研究。结果冠状动脉病变特点：冠状动脉受累血管及严重程度DM组比nonDM组显著高（P〈0．01）。临床危险因素：收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖（FBG）、餐后2h血糖（2hBG）、糖化血红蛋白（GHbA。C）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）、载脂蛋白B（ApoB）DM组比nonDM组高（P〈0．05）,且与冠状动脉狭窄程度呈正相关（P〈0．05）。高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）、载脂蛋白A1（Apo A1）DM组比nonDM组显著低（P〈0．01）,且与冠状动脉狭窄程度呈负相关（P〈0．05）。两组年龄、体重指数（BMI）差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论冠心病合并2型糖尿病女性患者冠状动脉病变程度重,除糖尿病外,常与高血压、高血脂等危险因素同时存在。     

川芎嗪对糖尿病大鼠骨质疏松的保护作用

探讨川芎嗪对糖尿病大鼠骨质疏松的保护作用。选择健康SD大鼠,随机分为正常对照组、糖尿病（DM）模型组和治疗组。一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素60mg／kg诱发糖尿病。HE染色观察股骨头结构变化;Van Gieson氏染色法观察骨胶原纤维;紫外分光光度法测定醛糖还原酶（AR）、骨羟脯氨酸（B-HYP）和甲状旁腺激素（PTH）的含量。结果,DM模型组大鼠AR和PTH含量显著增高（P〈0．01）,B-HYP含量显著降低（P〈0．01）,胶原纤维减少,川芎嗪可逆转上述改变（P〈0．01）。结果表明,川芎嗪对糖尿病大鼠骨质疏松有一定的治疗作用。     

有氧运动对肥胖青少年颈总动脉血液动力学指标的影响

研究有氧运动干预对肥胖青少年颈总动脉血液动力学指标的影响。对40名18～19岁单纯性肥胖青少年进行随机分组。实验组(20人)进行12周有氧运动干预,对照组(20人)进行运动营养与健康讲座,无任何运动干预。实验前、后采用彩色超声多普勒测试仪采集受试者颈总动脉直径波形和轴心血流速度,运用MATLABR2011b进行编程,计算干预前后实验组和对照组的血液动力学指标。经过12周运动干预,两组相比,实验组收缩压(P 0. 05)、心率(P 0. 05)、动态阻力(P 0. 01)、振荡剪切指数(P 0. 05)显著降低;血流量率(P 0. 01)显著增高,且具有统计学意义;动脉管径和舒张压的变化不具有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。说明12周有氧运动能够有效降低肥胖青少年的血压、心率,提高肥胖青少年的身体机能;且能够有效改善其血流量率、外周阻力、振荡剪切指数等血液动力学指标;但不能显著改善肥胖青少年颈总动脉管径。     

健身气功·八段锦对老年人心肺功能影响

本研究观察经6个月健身气功·八段锦锻炼后对老年人心肺功能的影响．随机选取大连市沙河口区40名健康、无锻炼习惯的退休职工为实验对象,并随机分为实验组和对照组．验组在教师的指导下进行6个月、每天一次的健身气功“八段锦”锻炼．结果显示,与对照组比较,实验组肺活量及肺活量指数显著升高（P〈0．01）;LPET／LVET及平均动脉压明显下降（P〈0．05及P〈0．01）;CO、SV及台阶实验指数显著升高（P〈0．05及P〈0．01）．结果显示,6个月健身气功“八段锦”锻炼对老年人心肺功能的改善具有良好的促进作用．     

Ⅱ型糖尿病与生长激素、皮质醇的关系

对80例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者血清GH、F进行了测定和分析。未合并血管病变的糖尿病组血清GH水平较对照组明显降低（P＜0．01）；皮质醇水平较对照组明显升高（P＜0．01）。合并血管病变的糖尿病组血清GH、F水平较对照组明显增高（P＜0．05、P＜0．001），两组糖尿病组间血清GH、F水平亦有显著差异（P＜0．001、P＜0．05）。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the