基于佣金约束的排污权拍卖机制

基于传统的排污权拍卖机制只考虑买卖双方在最大利益原则驱动下厂商的最优出价策略、卖方的期望收益行为等特点,分析了佣金条件下排污权的私人价值和关联价值拍卖机制问题.结果表明,佣金对厂商的出价策略、环保部门和拍卖公司的期望收益都存在影响,佣金的比例与拍卖公司的期望收益同方向变动,与环保部门的期望收益反方向变动,而与厂商的期望收益无关.     

Junction Point Elimination based Tamil Handwritten Character Recognition:An Experimental Analysis

Optical Character Recognition is the mechanical or electronic conversion of images of typed,handwritten or printed text into machine-encoded text for online reading and study.In this OCR technique,Tamil handwritten character recognition is one of the most needed and challengeable subjects of research.An encounter between selection and extraction of proper features eliminates the issues faced by the Tamil handwritten recognition.The character and the writers complexities are the major difficulties and challenges faced by this recognition system.Eventually,the character complexity can be overcome by any pre-extraction or selection process,wherein,structured or statistical pre-extraction algorithm can be designed,discovering the essential features,in the case of writer difficulties.The challenges of Tamil handwritten characters are structure over looping;unnecessary character portion;structure discontinuations and so on.The character portions in this research are chosen by implementing a new algorithm called the Junction Point Elimination(JPE)after conscientious analysis done on the existing algorithms like Zoning,Zoning and Junction Point(ZJP)and the Junction Point (JP) based feature pre-extraction process.The novelty behind this work is introducing an algorithm in order to truncate the problem in the existing feature selection and preextraction algorithms.Suitable feature extraction and classification algorithm are chosen and applied on the features extracted by JPE to test whether the same can be reached in successful manner.The final analysis and experiments shows that the JPE is better than the others.     

俄罗斯研制可重复使用的载人航天器

俄罗斯"能源"火箭航天集团正在研制可重复使用的新一代载人航天器,以替代服役了近半个世纪的"联盟"系列飞船.该集团正就舱式结构的载人飞船和带折叠机翼的航天飞机两种方案进行论证.采用舱式结构的俄罗斯"联盟"载人飞船长期以来以高可靠性、高稳定性著称."能源"集团的专家们计划对"联盟"飞船进行现代化改造,进一步提高飞船性能、降低成本.     

An Efficient Multiple Imputation Approach for Estimating Equations with Response Missing at Random and High-Dimensional Covariates

Empirical-likelihood-based inference for parameters defined by the general estimating equations of Qin and Lawless(1994) remains an active research topic. When the response is missing at random(MAR) and the dimension of covariate is not low, the authors propose a two-stage estimation procedure by using the dimension-reduced kernel estimators in conjunction with an unbiased estimating function based on augmented inverse probability weighting and multiple imputation(AIPW-MI) methods. The authors show that the resulting estimator achieves consistency and asymptotic normality. In addition, the corresponding empirical likelihood ratio statistics asymptotically follow central chi-square distributions when evaluated at the true parameter. The finite-sample performance of the proposed estimator is studied through simulation, and an application to HIV-CD4 data set is also presented.     

健康投资、消费与经济增长

考虑具有一定初始资本存量的经济，产出依赖于资本存量，资本积累受储蓄和折旧的影响，总消费支出划分为健康投资和扣除健康投资后的普通消费. 假定人的预期寿命受健康投资的影响，人在未来一定时期内仍然活着的概率与前面时期的健康投资有关系. 消费者在某一时点的效用受活着的概率以及在该时点上普通消费数量的影响，消费者的目标是选择最优的健康投资路径和普通消费路径，以使得一生中的效用最大化. 主要工作是：第一，给出了均衡状态时最优健康投资和最优普通消费的关系式，它精确地表示为经过贴现率调整后的两个弹性之比；第二，证明了该经济在一定条件下均衡状态的存在性. 最后给出了具有一定普适意义的例子.     

自适应网站地图的研究

国际互联网的规模变得日益庞大和复杂,访问者经常不能从网站上迅速获得所需的信息.网站地图可以用来帮助访问者了解整个网站的基本结构,但是通用的网站地图所展示的信息有限,而且大部分内容与用户的兴趣无关.本文对用户访问环境进行了3个层次的分析,根据网页间的链接结构和网页被访问的频率等指标,提出了一种构建动态网站地图的方法.随后,针对一个实际的网站进行了仿真实验.实验结果表明,本文所述方法可以使访问者在各个层次上了解所处的网站环境,达到有效导航的目的.     

网络效应下技术进步企业标准化和差异化战略的选择

标准化和多样化是相对的,标准化会降低产品的差异性.技术进步企业面临将技术申请法定标准实施标准化或保留技术实施差异化战略的选择.前者可以收取专利费,提高企业的利润;后者可以提高产品的内在价值,获得优于对手的竞争优势.文章将技术水平作为变量引入到产品的基本效用中改造Hotelling模型,分析了技术进步企业在标准化战略和差异化战略间的选择,得出这种选择和技术水平的关系,从而为网络效应企业的战略选择提供了理论支持.     

Cross-Entropy Loss for Recommending Efficient Fold-Over Technique

Due to the limited resources and budgets in many real-life projects, it is unaffordable to use full factorial experimental designs and thus fractional factorial(FF) designs are used instead. The aliasing of factorial effects is the price we pay for using FF designs and thus some significant effects cannot be estimated. Therefore, some additional observations(runs) are needed to break the linages among the factorial effects. Folding over the initial FF designs is one of the significant approaches for selecting the additional runs. This paper gives an in-depth look at fold-over techniques via the following four significant contributions. The first contribution is on discussing the adjusted switching levels foldover technique to overcome the limitation of the classical one. The second contribution is on presenting a comparison study among the widely used fold-over techniques to help experimenters to recommend a suitable fold-over technique for their experiments by answering the following two fundamental questions:Do these techniques dramatically lessen the confounding of the initial designs, and do the resulting combined designs(combining initial design with its fold-over) via these techniques have considerable difference from the optimality point of view considering the markedly different searching domains in each technique? The optimality criteria are the aberration, confounding, Hamming distance and uniformity. Many of these criteria are given in sequences(patterns) form, which are inconvenient and costly to represent and compare, especially when the designs have many factors. The third innovation is on developing a new criterion(dictionary cross-entropy loss) to simplify the existing criteria fromsequence to scalar. The new criterion leads to a more straightforward and easy comparison study. The final contribution is on establishing a general framework for the connections between initial designs and combined designs based on any fold-over technique.     

基于预算与佣金约束的排污权关联价值拍卖机制

建立了基于预算与佣金约束的排污权关联价值拍卖模型,并分析了佣金与预算约束条件下排污权关联价值拍卖机制中厂商的均衡出价策略,投标数量以及厂商、环保部门和拍卖行的期望收益等问题.结论表明,在排污权关联价值拍卖机制中,无论佣金是常数还是成交价格的线性函数,厂商的期望收益都不变.     

基于有效工资理论的腐败行为特征分析

有效工资理论认为充分高的工资可以刺激工人努力工作,避免怠工.利用同样的思想,通过分析代理人的最优决策来考察腐败.利用最优决策机制,得到一个非贪污条件,这个条件类似有效工资理论中的非怠工条件.如果这个条件成立,则腐败动机消失,廉洁是最优选择.在保持非贪污条件成立的前提下,得到一个边界的腐败收入值,当腐败收入小于这个边界值时,随着腐败收入的提高,有效刑期惩罚可以降低,对这个与直观相反的结论,给出了一个合理的解释;当腐败收入大于这个边界值时,随着腐败收入的增加,有效刑期应延长.     

Tool Orientation Optimization and Path Planning for 5-Axis Machining

Tool path generation is a fundamental problem in 5-axis CNC machining, which consists of tool orientation planning and cutter-contact(CC) point planning. The planning strategy highly depends on the type of tool cutters. For ball-end cutters, the tool orientation and CC point location can be planned separately;while for flat end cutters, the two are highly dependent on each other. This paper generates a smooth tool path of workpiece surfaces for flat end mills from two stages: Computing smooth tool orientations on the surface without gouging and collisions and then designing the CC point path. By solving the tool posture optimization problem the authors achieve both the path smoothness and the machining efficiency. Experimental results are provided to show the effectiveness of the method.     

The Evolution Dynamic and Long-Run Equilibrium in a Stock Market with Heterogeneous Traders

This paper uses ideas from biological evolution to analyze the evolution of the securities market in which rational and irrational traders coexist.A market evolutionary model is developed to describe the dynamic trajectories of rational and irrational traders'wealth.The main question is,are irrational traders eliminated as the securities market evolves.The paper considers the impact of new entrants on the security market long-term equilibrium.In addition,it discusses the existence and uniqueness of the long-term equilibrium The paper finds that,under some market conditions,irrational traders could survive in the long run.     

A hypersonic target coherent integration detection algorithm based on Doppler feedback

The traversal search of multi-dimensional parameter during the process of hypersonic target echo signal coherent integration,leads to the problem of large amounts of calculation and poor real-time performance.In view of these problems,a modified polynomial Radon-polynomial Fourier transform(MPRPFT)hypersonic target coherent integration detection algorithm based on Doppler feedback is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the Doppler estimation value of the target is obtained by using the target point information obtained by subsequent non-coherent integration detection.Then,the feedback adjustment of the coherent integration process is performed by using the acquired target Doppler estimation value.Finally,the coherent integration is completed after adjusting the search interval of compensation.The simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively reduce the computational complexity and improve the real-time performance on the basis of the effective coherent integration of hypersonic target echo signals.     

Stability Analysis of Event-Triggered Networked Control Systems with Time-Varying Delay and Packet Loss

Networked control systems(NCSs) are facing a great challenge from the limitation of network communication resources. Event-triggered control(ETC) is often used to reduce the amount of communication while still keeping a satisfactory performance of the system, by transmitting the measurements only when an event-triggered condition is satisfied. However, some network-induced problems would happen inevitably, such as communication delay and packet loss, which can degrade the control performance significantly and can even lead to instability. In this paper, a periodic eventtriggered NCS considering both time-varying delay and packet loss is studied. The system is discretized into a piecewise linear system with uncertainty. Then the model is handled by a polytopic overapproximation method to be more suitable for stability analysis. Finally, stability conditions are obtained and presented in terms of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs). The result is illustrated by a numerical example.     

Optimal Dual-Channel Dynamic Pricing of Perishable Items under Different Attenuation Coefficients of Demands

This paper discusses optimal dual-channel dynamic pricing of a retailer who sells perishable products in a finite horizon.The type of product which is equipped with different attenuation coefficients of demands on different sales channels is considered.Novel demand functions for the two channels are proposed according to attenuation coefficients of demands,and then a decision model is constructed,which can be handled stage-by-stage.It is shown that the sales price and the sales quantity of the channel which possesses more market shares are both higher than the ones of the other channel at each sales stage.More importantly,by analyzing the reasonability of the obtained solution,a necessary and sufficient condition is proposed to guarantee that both of the two channels will not stop selling through the entire period.We also propose an approach by the elimination method to deal with cases in which some channel stops selling.Further,we demonstrate that the channel which possesses more market shares is the optimal option when only one channel runs.Finally,numerical examples are presented to investigate the change of sales prices of the two channels under different market potential demands.     

协作运营冲突协调模型与求解方案

从冲突协调角度,研究分布式自治实体之间的资源调度不一致问题.首先界定协作单元、协作运营、协作运营网络和协作运营冲突概念,分析协作运营冲突的表现形式及其本质特征;从资源约束入手,建立协作运营冲突协调概念模型,包括协作运营计划、资源约束、冲突协调策略和额外成本四要素;从"社会福利"角度构建协作运营冲突协调数学模型,提出基于"效用转移"的模型求解方案.     

基于乘客选择行为的双航班机票联合动态定价模型

以同一航空公司同一航线上两个不同时段的航班为对象，从乘客在两个航班之间的选择行为出 发，研究了航空公司的双航班联合动态定价问题.模型中，潜在乘客基于航班时间和机票价格两个因素做出机票购买的选择.采用乘客的心理价位分布来刻画乘客对价格的敏感性；将乘客划分为对出行时间具有严格要求和出行时间比较灵活两大类别. 航空公司基于乘客的需求特征，采用价格手段来引导和控制需求，以最大化双航班的整体期望收益. 建立了一个离散时间模型，刻画了各周期最优联合定价决策的性质；利用该性质可以极大地缩小最优定价决策的搜索空间，从而有效节省计算代价.     

“泛珠三角”区域经济一体化的深化、技术进步与效率变化

沿用Battese和Coelli关于无效丰项设定的随机前沿生产函数,利用"泛珠三角"2000～2005年间的面板数据,分析了2004年"泛珠三角"区域经济一体化的深化对于各省区技术进步和技术效率的影响.结果表明,区域经济一体化的深化使各省区的前沿技术进步均得到明显的提高,但各省区相对前沿的技术效率的提高是一个缓慢的过程.     

一类非线性广义系统最优控制及应用

利用Zubov方法和最优控制理论研究了非线性广义系统的最优控制问题.首先将非线性广义系统正则化为非线性正常系统,对其施加状态反馈控制,继而构造含有调节参数向量的性能指标,并由偏微分方程解得该性能指标;最后应用最优化理论求得最优调节参数向量,得到非线性广义系统最优控制律.将有关结论应用于Logistic 增长的SIS模型,给出消除该传染病的条件.     

基于熵可靠性的相对熵集结模型

针对传统的相对熵集结模型在赋权方面存在的缺陷,本文基于熵可靠性对其进行优化.首先利用广义熵的可靠性分析,剔除原专家群组中可靠性较低的专家,建立新的专家群组;其次基于熵的可靠性,确定新群组中专家的权重;最后将权重应用于相对熵集结模型中,来集结专家群组的一致性.算例结果表明,优化后的相对熵集结模型是有效的,而且可靠性得到很大的提高.