基于不确定理论的退化数据分析方法

作为可靠性领域传统的数学工具,概率论难以解决现代可靠性工程面临的难题。本文以不确定理论在退化数据分析中的应用为切入点,阐述了不确定理论的基本公理、运算法则与不确定统计方法,给出了基于确信可靠性理论的可靠性建模思路,提出了不确定失效阈值情形下的退化数据分析与可靠性建模方法。利用时变不确定正态分布建立产品的退化方程,根据专家知识建立失效阈值的不确定分布进而构建裕量方程,最终根据度量方程推导出产品可靠性模型。使用不确定统计中的极大似然估计法与假设检验法解决参数估计与模型验证问题。案例分析说明如果不考虑失效阈值的不确定性,会造成可靠性评估结果较大偏差。研究表明不确定理论适合处理退化数据分析中的不确定性难题,具有广阔的应用前景。     

准正交空时分组码的自适应正交化设计

为了能够在满足空时分组码完全分集的同时尽可能的降低译码复杂度,提出了准正交空时分组码的自适应正交化设计方案。在准正交空时分组码的编码结构上添加自适应系数,根据当前信道状态信息计算得到自适应系数的具体数值,使得传输数据符号之间相互正交,彼此没有干扰,从而实现完全分集,并且可以采用复杂度低的单符号译码方法恢复数据。仿真结果表明,准正交空时分组码自适应正交化设计方案的误码率性能明显好于利用星座旋转获得完全分集的准正交空时分组码方案,并且,只需要采用有限反馈的方法就能够实现近似理想反馈的误码率性能。

Abstract：

Adaptive orthogonalization design for quasi-orthogonal space-time block codes was proposed to achieve full diversity and decrease decoding complexity.Known of channel state information,adaptive parameter could be calculated and input symbols could be coded in the designed structure.With the particular space-time codes structure,symbols on different antenna were orthogonal to each others and received symbols could be single-symbol decoded.Simulation results show that the adaptive scheme has obvious advantage compared with constellation rotation scheme.Limited feedback scheme is feasible and has almost the same optimal performance as the ideal full feedback scheme.     

基于波达方向矩阵的MIMO-OFDM系统载频偏移估计

MIMO-OFDM系统中设置虚拟子载波后,时域接收符号向量与经频域信道系数加权的频域发射符号向量之间通过一个范德蒙矩阵相互联系,且该矩阵的列向量的结构决定于载频偏移量。基于此,提出了一种采用波达矩阵方法、利用范德蒙矩阵的移不变结构完成载频偏移估计的闭式频偏估计方法。该方法综合地利用了多收发天线的空域分集效应,降低了信道零点对频偏估计性能的影响,有效地提高了估计的均方误差性能。仿真结果验证了不同天线配置情况下所提出算法的性能。     

Blind channel estimation for redundant precoded OFDM systems

Considering that channel estimation can play a crucial role in coherent detection of the information symbols in each data block, a blind channel estimation approach is proposed for redundant precoded orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. A redundant linear frequency-domain precoder is applied to each pair of blocks before they enter the OFDM system. Because of the introduced structure, the frequency-selective channel can be identified at the receiver based on autocorrelation operations, singular value decomposition (SVD), and by resolving the scalar ambiguity. The proposed channel estimation method has low computational complexity and requires no prior statistical information on channel or noise. And the proposed blind method has high spectral efficiency owing to exploiting no training sequence. Computer simulations confirm that this proposed blind channel estimation method can identify the frequency-selective channels perfectly and obtain a good performance.     

一种自适应鲁棒跟踪模糊控制新算法

针对一类非线性不确定系统 ,在用T S模糊系统对未知聚拢不确定函数进行逼近的基础上 ,利用系统的耗散理论 ,系统地提出了一种自适应鲁棒跟踪模糊控制新算法。该算法基于一个新的Lyapunov函数 ,不仅可以使控制算法避免其它自适应控制算法中时常存在的奇异问题 ,而且还可以使自适应学习参数的数目减至最少 ,便于工程实现 ,并可确保闭环系统渐近稳定 ,系统的跟踪误差为零。经仿真研究表明 ,所提出的算法是有效的     

基于导频符号的MIMO-OFDM系统多频偏估计算法

提出了一种基于导频符号的多输入多输出正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM)系统多频偏估计算法.该算法设计了导频符号,并利用设计的导频符号在频域实现多频偏估计.理论分析证明了提出算法适用于低信噪比条件,并推导出了该多频偏估计算法理论上的估计精度.仿真结果验证了提出的算法在低信噪比无线多径信道条件下能够准确估计出各天线间的多个载波频偏.     

非理想信道状态信息下的OFDM比特分配算法

提出一种在非理想信道状态信息条件下,以平均误比特率为目标的正交频分复用(OFDM)比特分配算法.该算法对子信道当前频率响应值进行估计,估计值经延时后反馈至发送端,并以此作为自适应比特分配的依据.仿真结果表明,当信道估计器的均方误差小于-15dB时,信道估计误差对自适应OFDM系统的性能影响不大.采用多个信道估计值来确定比特分配可以减小信道信息延时对系统性能的影响,有效提高系统性能.     

低复杂度无线OFDM自适应信道估计算法

提出了一种基于传输信道状态检测的低复杂度无线OFDM系统自适应信道估计算法,利用导频子载波在时频方向对当前信道状态进行统计检测,动态跟踪信道参数的变化特征,自适应选择当前条件下的最优内插滤波系数;同时简化传输信道先验统计信息求解,以此作为滤波系数选择的依据.仿真结果表明,在低复杂度条件下可以获知当前信道模型化参数近似统计信息,利用较少的计算资源就能获得较好的自适应性能;从而有效克服了二维Wiener滤波器实现复杂度高,以及传统信道估计按照最恶劣信道情况上限进行设计所导致的非匹配性估计性能损失.     

前视阵FDA-MIMO雷达距离模糊杂波抑制方法

超高速平台前视阵雷达面临强杂波抑制难题,其杂波不仅具有显著的距离依赖性而且存在多重距离模糊,导致雷达动目标检测性能急剧恶化。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于频率分集阵列和多输入多输出雷达的距离角度多普勒三维自适应处理距离模糊杂波抑制方法。该方法通过发射接收二维联合空域和差波束及时域邻近多普勒通道进行降维处理,保证算法的低复杂度以及在小样本条件下的杂波抑制性能。仿真实验验证了所提方法的有效性。     

含非线性输入的非线性系统自适应模糊控制

讨论一类含非线性输入的非线性系统的自适应模糊控制问题。首先运用隐函数存在定理证明系统的理想控制器的存在性,利用I型模糊逻辑系统对该理想控制器进行在线逼近,提出了一种具有监督器的自适应模糊滑模控制器设计的新方案。该方案通过直接自适应模糊控制器与监督控制器的适当切换,保证了闭环系统的稳定性,由此确定出建模的有界区域,而且通过引入最优逼近误差的自适应补偿项,保证跟踪误差收敛到零。仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

基于LDPC码的BICM系统中的迭代盲信道估计

针对传统基于导频辅助的信道估计方法频带利用率低的不足,提出一种块衰落信道下的迭代盲信道估计算法,该算法基于最大似然估计(maximum likelihood,ML),将译码产生的信息经判决、交织和映射后的符号作为发端的符号估计进行联合迭代信道估计和译码,随着迭代次数的增加,译码输出值更加精确,信道估计值也越来越精确。将之应用到基于低密度校验(low-density parity-check,LDPC)码的比特交织编码调制(bit-interleaved coded modulation,BICM)系统中,仿真结果表明,在对迭代信道估计算法性能的影响上,信噪比与衰落信道的块长之间存在着折中关系,即在低信噪比区域,块长较大时的性能要好于块长较小时的性能,而在高信噪比区域,情况正好相反。     

Adaptive Numerical Approach for Optimal Control of a Single Train

This paper considers the optimal control problem of a single train, which is formulated as an optimal control problem of nonlinear systems with switching controller. The switching sequence and the switching time are decision variables to be chosen optimally. Generally speaking, it is very difficult to solve this problem analytically due to its nonlinear nature, the complexity of the controller,and the existence of system state and control input constraints. To obtain the numerical solution, by introducing binary functions for every value of the control input, relaxing the binary functions, and imposing a penalty function on the relaxation, the problem is transformed into a parameter optimization problem, which can be efficiently solved by using any gradient-based numerical approach. Then, the authors propose an adaptive numerical approach to solve this problem. Convergence results indicate that any optimal solution of the parameter optimization problem is also an optimal solution of the original problem. Finally, an optimal control problem of a single train illustrates that the adaptive numerical approach proposed by us is less time-consuming and obtains a better cost function value than the existing approaches.     

基于变采样周期方法的网络控制系统协同设计

提出了一种基于变采样周期的动态调度策略,通过实时调整控制系统的采样周期以适应网络中信息流的变化,改善网络中时延、丢包等问题.采用动态调度策略的NCS为一个变采样周期系统,考虑时延的影响,通过等效变换将时延和采样周期的不确定性转化为系统参数的不确定性,从而将NCS建模为一类具有参数不确定性的离散时间系统,并给出了系统D-稳定的控制器设计方法,实现NCS的控制与调度协同设计.最后通过数值仿真验证了所提出的方法的有效性.     

Decentralized direct adaptive neural network control for a class of interconnected systems

1 .INTRODUCTIONA number of interconnected systems found in theworld, such as electric power systems ,industrymanipulators and computer networks , are oftencomposed of a set of subsystems . A centralizedcontrol strategy for the requirement of a large a-mount of information exchange between the sub-systems . A decentralized control method, devel-oped based only on local measurements ,is oftenpreferable . At present ,there have been many re-search results for adaptive control of interconnec-…     

目标轨线迭代可变的非线性系统自适应学习控制

针对含有混合参数的非线性不确定系统,提出了一种自适应迭代学习控制方案。该方案利用Back-stepping方法和参数重组技巧相结合,可以处理目标轨线迭代可变的跟踪问题。通过引入微分-差分自适应学习律,设计了一种自适应控制策略,使得跟踪误差在一个有限区间上的积分渐近收敛于零;通过构造Lyapunov-like函数,给出了闭环系统收敛的一个充分条件。数值仿真验证了所提方法的可行性。     

Robust adaptive neural network control with supervisory controller

The problem of direct adaptive neural network control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with unknown constant control gain is studied in this paper. Based on the supervisory control strategy and the approximation capability of multilayer neural networks (MNNs), a novel design scheme of direct adaptive neural network controller is proposed.The adaptive law of the adjustable parameter vector and the matrix of weights in the neural networks and the gain of sliding mode control term to adaptively compensate for the residual and the approximation error of MNNs is determined by using a Lyapunov method. The approach does not require the optimal approximation error to be square-integrable or the supremum of the optimal approximation error to be known. By theoretical analysis, the closed-loop control system is proven to be globally stable in the sense that all signals involved are bounded, with tracking error converging to zero.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.     

一类非线性系统的模型参考自适应模糊控制

针对一类不确定非线性系统 ,基于一种修改的监督控制方案并利用广义多线性模糊逻辑系统的逼近能力 ,提出了一种模型参考自适应模糊控制器设计的新方案。该方案利用参考模型作为性能指标 ,自适应调节模糊控制器的规则库 ,并通过引入最优逼近误差的自适应补偿项来消除建模误差的影响 ,不但能保证闭环系统稳定 ,而且可使跟踪误差收敛到零。仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性     

Improved H-infinity channel estimator based on EM for MIMO-OFDM systems

H-infinity estimator is generally implemented in timevariant state-space models,but it leads to high complexity when the model is used for multiple input multiple output with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems.Thus,an H-infinity estimator over time-invariant system models is proposed,which modifies the Krein space accordingly.In order to avoid the large matrix inversion and multiplication required in each OFDM symbol from different transmit antennas,expectation maximization (EM) is developed to reduce the high computational load.Joint estimation over multiple OFDM symbols is used to resist the high pilot overhead generated by the increasing number of transmit antennas.Finally,the performance of the proposed estimator is enhanced via an angle-domain process.Through performance analysis and simulation experiments,it is indicated that the proposed algorithm has a better mean square error (MSE) and bit error rate (BER) performance than the optimal least square (LS) estimator.Joint estimation over multiple OFDM symbols can not only reduce the pilot overhead but also promote the channel performance.What is more,an obvious improvement can be obtained by using the angle-domain filter.     

Output feedback based adaptive robust fault-tolerant control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems

An adaptive robust approach for actuator fault-tolerant control of a class of uncertain nonlinear systems is proposed. The two chief ways in which the system performance can degrade following an actuator-fault are undesirable transients and unacceptably large steady-state tracking errors. Adaptive control based schemes can achieve good final tracking accuracy in spite of change in system parameters following an actuator fault, and robust control based designs can achieve guaranteed transient response. However, neither adaptive control nor robust control based fault-tolerant designs can address both the issues associated with actuator faults. In the present work, an adaptive robust fault-tolerant control scheme is claimed to solve both the problems, as it seamlessly integrates adaptive and robust control design techniques. Comparative simulation studies are performed using a nonlinear hypersonic aircraft model to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme over a robust adaptive control based faulttolerant scheme.     

控制信道受限的认知无线电联合频谱感知

在多用户认知无线电系统中,针对认知无线电用户合作频谱感知中联合检测性能的提高与控制信道带宽受限的矛盾,提出了一种基于能量检测的合作频谱感知方法。该方法放弃携带信息量较少的感知信息,并将携带信息量较多的感知信息量化后传送至数据融合中心。这种方法在兼顾认知无线电频谱感知性能的前提下,有效降低了控制信道开销。