用插值法确定色差信号的模

用插值法对彩色电视广播测试图中的色差信号进行定量研究，可以同时得到色差信号的相位和模。     

面向Pointer色域的优化色差系统设计

为研究宽色域视频信号与现行电视系统的兼容传输,以Pointer色域为宽色域HDTV传输系统的目标色域,基于最小外接矩形(MER)技术,提出了RC和SC两种优化算法,得到了与ITU-RBT.709常规HDTV系统兼容传输的优化色差信号,并基于此建立新的色差编码系统.该系统在不改变现行HDTV传输系统基色和基准白色度参数、不扩大亮度和色差传输信号动态范围前提下,将可传输的Pointer色域由44%提高到100%,实现了宽色域HDTV信号的兼容传输.文中计算了信号收端重显色差,结果表明,与宽色域ITU-RBT.1361系统相比,优化的色差信号系统色视觉保真度较高.     

一种与CIEDE2000相关的彩色图像视觉研究

国际照明委员会公布的最新色差公式CIEDE2000是目前最好的色差公式.为了考察CIEDE2000色差公式与图像视觉主观感受的关系,作者建立图像质量的评价方法,从而在运用XYZ色度图解决彩色图像三要素计算方法的基础上,编制了两个彩色信号间的CIEDE2000色差计算通用程序,从大量的实验结果中给出了一系列的色调差、饱和度差和亮度差彩色图像.实验结果表明CIEDE2000色差公式与人眼视觉感受基本吻合,为建立基于CIEDE2000的彩色图像质量评价方法提供了新的依据.     

基于改进软签名的心率检测算法研究

针对软签名算法用于心率检测存在心率信号强度微弱、噪声大、心率检测精度差等问题,提出了基于改进软签名的心率检测算法.首先采用RG通道色差法将R和G颜色通道信号进行加权相减,并对所得色差信号进行多方向投影来选择较为干净的心率信号;然后变分模态分解(VMD)与小波系数非线性连续函数衰减的联合降噪算法对心率信号降噪,将VMD分解后的信号使用峭度法选择含心率信号较多的分量,随后对该分量使用小波系数非线性连续函数衰减算法进行降噪.最后对信号进行频谱分析,计算出心率值.实验结果表明:改进的软签名算法能有效增强心率信号强度,消除信号噪声,相比于常用的心率检测算法有更高的心率检测精度和鲁棒性.     

34Mb/s数字电视差分编码器

本文讨论了34Mb/s彩色电视系统中亮、色分离差分编码器。按照整个系统的要求,亮度信号选用6.75MHz取样频率,色差信号选用3.375MHz频率。文中介绍了差分编码器的设计方法及电路实现中的一些具体问题。     

34Mb/s数字电视差分解码器

本文讨论34Mb/s彩色电视系统中亮、色分离差分解码器。按照整个系统的要求,亮度信号选用6.75MHz取样频率,色差信号选用3.375MHz频率。文中介绍了差分解码器的设计方法及电路实现中的一些具体问题。     

用数字滤波方法提高电视图象质量

根据ＰＡＬ制电视信号频谱分布特点，讨论了几种数字滤波方法．实验采用了适应型三行梳状滤波器，经数字式ＹＣ分离、ＵＶ解调后，得到的视频亮度信号与色差信号阶梯清楚、边沿陡峭，说明ＹＣ分离较彻底．     

彩色信号数字系统的量子化

本文从色度学理论研究彩色信号数字系统中A/D转换器量化误差和色差之间的关系,推出它们的关系式,并给出一种提高A/D转换器bit数的模型。     

彩电检修两例

彩电检修两例黄慎和（渝州大学自电系，重庆，６３００３３）例１故障现象：接收节目时，色饱和度电位器开大也只有黑白图象，且各频道都是如此。原因分析：三基色信号ＶＲ、ＶＧ及ＶＢ是由三色差信号与亮度信号ＶＹ迭加而成，而三基色信号又控制了彩色显象管三束射流，则...     

基于HVS的彩色逆半调色差预测及可视化方法

提出了一种彩色逆半调色差预测及可视化评价方法.该方法从HVS特性着手,首先将图像变换到模式一颜色分离的S-CIELab空间,然后运用CIEDE2000色差公式和NBS色差感知参考值建立了彩色逆半调质量评价方案.仿真结果表明:该方法提高了色差计算的精度,拓展了色差表现形式,符合HVS特性,所生成的HVS色差图、色差分布、色差比率和色差均值能够直观、准确地反映半调噪声的抑制情况和重建图像质量.     

电视摄象机的光谱特性和矩阵电路

本文首先阐明三管摄象机的理想谱曲线的负叶(瓣)是正确重现基色三角形内的色所必要的,而后在理论上证明矩阵电路能使理想曲线的负叶完全实现。因此我们不再停留于基色信号相加和相减而近似得出这些负叶的说法。     

Parallel processing of motion and colour information

When the two eyes are confronted with sufficiently different versions of the visual environment, one or the other eye dominates perception in alternation. A similar situation may be created in the laboratory by presenting images to the left and right eyes which differ in orientation or colour. Although perception is dominated by one eye during rivalry, there are a number of instances in which visual processes nevertheless continue to integrate information from the suppressed eye. For example the interocular transfer of the motion after-effect is undiminished when induced during binocular rivalry. Thus motion information processing may occur in parallel with the rivalry process. Here we describe a novel example in which the visual system simultaneously exhibits binocular rivalry and vision that integrates signals from both eyes. This apparent contradiction is resolved by postulating parallel visual processes devoted to the analyses of colour and motion information. Counterphased gratings are viewed dichoptically such that for one eye the grating is composed of alternating yellow and black stripes (luminance) while for the other it is composed of alternating red and green stripes (chrominance). When the gratings are fused, a moving grating is perceived. A consistent direction of motion can only be achieved if left and right monocular signals are integrated by the nervous system. Yet the apparent colour of the binocular percept alternates between red-green and yellow-black. These observations demonstrate the segregation of processing by the early motion system from that affording the perception of colour. Although, in this stimulus, colour information in itself can play no part in the cyclopean perception of motion direction, colour is carried along perceptually (filled in) by the moving pattern which is integrated from both eyes.     

电脑色卡的颜色再现及其色度分析

本文首先介绍了为实现电脑色卡所做的一些实验。经过对屏幕亮度及色度均匀性的测量,给出了实验装置带来的误差。通过对每一块色卡的测量,给出了颜色复现的精度。并从心理物理学的角度,对电脑色卡及Munsell色卡进行了分析、对比,给出了定性的结论。     

Divergent sexual selection enhances reproductive isolation in sticklebacks

Sexual selection may facilitate speciation because it can cause rapid evolutionary diversification of male mating signals and female preferences. Divergence in these traits can then contribute to reproductive isolation. The sensory drive hypothesis predicts that three mechanisms underlie divergence in sexually selected traits: (1) habitat-specific transmission of male signals; (2) adaptation of female perceptual sensitivity to local ecological conditions; and (3) matching of male signals to female perceptual sensitivity. I test these mechanisms in threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus spp.) that live in different light environments. Here I show that female perceptual sensitivity to red light varies with the extent of redshift in the light environment, and contributes to divergent preferences. Male nuptial colour varies with environment and is tuned to female perceptual sensitivity. The extent of divergence among populations in both male signal colour and female preference for red is correlated with the extent of reproductive isolation in these recently diverged species. These results demonstrate that divergent sexual selection generated by sensory drive contributes to speciation.     

A spatially organized representation of colour in macaque cortical area V2

Neurons responding selectively to different colours have been found in various cortical areas in macaque monkeys; however, little is known about whether and how the representation of colour is spatially organized in any cortical area. Cortical area V2 contains modules that respond preferentially to chromatic modulation, which are located in thin cytochrome oxidase stripes. Here we show that within and beyond these modules, gratings of different colours produce activations that peak at different locations. Optical recording of intrinsic signals revealed that the peak regions of the responses to different colours were spatially organized in the same order as colour stimuli are arranged in the DIN (German standard colour chart) colour system. Nearby regions represented colours of a similar hue. We found that the set of colour-specific regions formed 0.07-0.32-mm-wide and approximately 1.3-mm long bands that varied in shape from linear to nearly circular. Our finding suggests that thin stripes in V2 contain functional maps where the colour of a stimulus is represented by the location of its response activation peak.     

过渡金属配合物的颜色

讨论了导致过渡金属配合物显色的二种电子跃迁过程,只有当电偶极跃迁矩积分的被积函数的对称性允许时,才有可能产物颜色;分裂能的差别,导致跃迁能的不同,因而呈现出不同的视色。     

Behavioural ecology: bees associate warmth with floral colour

Floral colour signals are used by pollinators as predictors of nutritional rewards, such as nectar. But as insect pollinators often need to invest energy to maintain their body temperature above the ambient temperature, floral heat might also be perceived as a reward. Here we show that bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) prefer to visit warmer flowers and that they can learn to use colour to predict floral temperature before landing. In what could be a widespread floral adaptation, plants may modulate their temperature to encourage pollinators to visit.     

食糖在贮存过程中色值的变化

本文分析了食糖贮存过程中经常出现的色值加深现象。指出色值加深主要是由化学反应所至,并通过实验加以证实。贮存过程中温度、成份、pH值等因素,不同程度地影响了色值变化,进而由此提出在存贮过程中控制食糖色值变化的具体措施。     

一种新颖的不锈钢着色方法

本文报导在经过化学抛光后的不锈钢表面上、通过控制其电位差进行着色的研究结果。实验结果表明，不锈钢着色的颜色与控制的电位差值的对在关系呈现良好的重现性，着色的颜色均匀、稳定，其表面具有耐腐蚀的特点．研究结果显示，该方法具有实际应用前景．     

Spatial structure of cone inputs to receptive fields in primate lateral geniculate nucleus.

Human colour vision depends on three classes of cone photoreceptors, those sensitive to short (S), medium (M) or long (L) wavelengths, and on how signals from these cones are combined by neurons in the retina and brain. Macaque monkey colour vision is similar to human, and the receptive fields of macaque visual neurons have been used as an animal model of human colour processing. P retinal ganglion cells and parvocellular neurons are colour-selective neurons in macaque retina and lateral geniculate nucleus. Interactions between cone signals feeding into these neurons are still unclear. On the basis of experimental results with chromatic adaptation, excitatory and inhibitory inputs from L and M cones onto P cells (and parvocellular neurons) were thought to be quite specific (Fig. 1a). But these experiments with spatially diffuse adaptation did not rule out the 'mixed-surround' hypothesis: that there might be one cone-specific mechanism, the receptive field centre, and a surround mechanism connected to all cone types indiscriminately (Fig. 1e). Recent work has tended to support the mixed-surround hypothesis. We report here the development of new stimuli to measure spatial maps of the linear L-, M- and S-cone inputs to test the hypothesis definitively. Our measurements contradict the mixed-surround hypothesis and imply cone specificity in both centre and surround.