福州市区降雨序列多时间尺度的混沌特征

利用多时间尺度(Δt=1,2,3,6月)对福州市区近60 a来降雨序列进行混沌分析,以相空间重构、相空间嵌入维数m、饱和关联维数D2、饱和关联维数D2与相空间嵌入维数m的比值和最大Lyapunov指数λ等参数揭示了福州市区降雨序列的混沌特征.结果表明:各种时间尺度的相空间重构m都为8、饱和关联维数D2分别为3.19,3.24,3.15和3.13,D2/m分别为0.400,0.405,0.394和0.391,最大Lyapunov数λ分别为0.33,0.50,0.34和0.25,体现了各种时间尺度下福州市降雨量存在着混沌现象;通过对比分析,得出以Δt=6时的时间尺度分析降雨序列的混沌特征较好.     

短角幽天牛成虫林间种群数量的混沌特性

根据混沌理论,分别采用功率谱分析法、关联维数和嵌入维数、最大Lyapunov指数和主分量分析法识别短角幽天牛成虫林间种群数量序列的混沌特性,将短角幽天牛成虫林间种群数量的一维时间序列拓展到多维相空间中去,得出主要的混沌特性指标.研究表明:不同的混沌判定方法结果均显示短角幽天牛林间种群数量序列具有混沌特征,属于混沌时间序列;在拓展的多维相空间中存在吸引子,并具有分维结构,当延迟时间 T=2、嵌入维数m=12时,对应的相空间中关联维数D=3.260 9,最大Lyapunov指数λ1=0.288 6.因此,短角幽天牛成虫林间种群数量一维时间序列存在混沌特性,可以用重构相空间方法对其进行预测.     

基于Lyapunov指数的预报方法及在气象预报中的应用

介绍了混沌时间序列的 Lyapunov指数预报分析方法 ,并应用混沌方法对气象预测时间序列进行处理 ,把其混沌特性应用于气象预报中。根据气象时间观测数据计算了重构相空间嵌入维数 D2 和 Lyapunov指数。结合实际例子对 Lyapunov指数预测方法进行了验证。     

基于Lyapunov指数的预报方法及在气象预报中的应用

介绍了混沌时间序列的Lyapunov指数预报分析方法，并应用混沌方法对气象预测时间序列进行处理，把其混沌特性应用于气象预报中。根据气象时间观测数据计算了重构相空间嵌入维数D2和Lyapunov指数。结合实际例子对Lyapunov指数预测方法进行了验证。     

煤与瓦斯突出前瓦斯涌出动态混沌特性

为了分析煤与瓦斯突出前瓦斯涌出量时间序列的混沌动力学特征,对某矿突出前的瓦斯涌出量实测数据的时间序列进行了相空间重构,采用G-P算法计算了突出前瓦斯涌出量时间序列的饱和嵌入维数和关联维数,采用Wolf方法计算了最大Lyapunov指数。结果表明:突出前瓦斯涌出量时间序列是一混沌序列,具有混沌特性;对于研究的瓦斯涌出量时间序列,当嵌入空间维数m取6～7时,Lyapunov特征指数趋于稳定值0.074,即为最大Lyapunov指数LE1;可以应用混沌理论分析突出前瓦斯涌出量时间序列的非线性特征。为煤与瓦斯突出预测研究提供了一种新思路。     

风电场风速时间序列的复杂动力学特性分析

利用混沌理论对风电场风速数据进行了相空间重构,首先由C-C方法计算出嵌入维数和延迟时间,然后采用G-P算法计算出吸引子关联维数,最后用小数据量改进算法得出风速时间序列的最大Lyapunov指数,由计算结果发现风电场风速时间序列具有混沌特性,为利用混沌预测方法进一步提高风速预测精度提供参考.     

南水北调西线工程调水区径流序列特性分析

应用重构相空间技术和混沌理论对月径流时间序列的特性进行了分析.以南水北调西线工程调水区主要河流附近的甘孜、朱巴等4个水文站月径流时间序列为对象,研究了嵌入相空间维数和关联维数之间的变化关系,得到了饱和关联维数和最小嵌入维数,结果表明:当最小嵌入维数超过6时,关联维数逐渐趋于稳定,即达到饱和,得到饱和关联维数在1.1～1.5之间,说明这些月径流序列可能具有混沌特性,这一研究结果为利用混沌理论来建立径流的预测模型提供了较为科学的依据.     

基于BP神经网络的混沌时间序列预测方法及应用研究

神经网络在时间序列的预测中得到广泛的应用,但神经网络模型的输入层神经元个数的选取仍然没有一个明确的解析式来表达.为解决这个问题,在非线性动力系统中,根据混沌理论重构相空间,通过最大Lyapunov指数判定时间序列是否存在混沌现象,存在则通过G-P算法计算出混沌吸引子的关联维数,进而获得相空间的嵌入维数作为神经网络的神经元个数.通过上述方法对铝现有价格进行建模,验证该方法对时间序列的短期预测有较好的精度,在此基础上,对未来一段时间铝价格进行预测.     

基于混沌时间序列的水电机组状态短期预测

基于混沌时间序列短期可以预测的特点,构建水电机组状态短期预测。用采样周期确定相空间时延τ,G-P算法确定关联维数从而确定相空间的嵌入维数m,小数据量法证明水电机组振动状态的混沌特性。在重构相空间中,运用加权一阶局域法构建水电机组状态短期预测模型。结果表明:混沌特性指数λ=0.2605的水电机组振动状态具有混沌特性,可以在最佳嵌入维数m=4的情况下进行预测,实例结果表明采用混沌理论进行水电机组状态短期预测是可行的。     

电力系统短期负荷预测方法研究

采用混沌理论进行电力系统短期负荷预测,对利用Lyapunov指数算法进行负荷预测作了介绍,包括用混沌理论实现相空间的重构,以及通过计算关联维得到最优嵌入维数的方法、计算Lyapunov指数的方法和利用Lyapunov指数得到预测负荷数值的过程．实例预测结果,证明了算法的有效性,揭示了采用混沌理论进行短期负荷预测的优越性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-