Transport of the synthetic peptide DSIP through the blood-brain barrier in rabbit

Summary The synthetic delta sleep inducing peptide (DSIP) passes the blood-brain barrier, since i.v. injection in free moving rabbits (30 nmoles/kg) significantly increases the cortical delta activity and decreases the motor activity during 5 h.Acknowledgment. This work was supported by grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation (Nos 3.871-72, 3.525.75, 3.443.074, 3.780.076), Fonds für Lehre und Forschung der Universität Basel, Merck Sharp and Dohme (USA), Ciba-Stiftung Basel.     

Characteristics of the partial derivative of hemoglobin saturation with respect ot oxygen pressure : delta S 02/delta P 02]

The first (delta S/delta P) and second (delta 2S/delta [H+] delta P) partial derivatives of hemoglobin saturation with respect to oxygen pressure and [H+] were numerically calculated for the blood of non-smoking young adult at different pH, PCO2 and [2.3-DPG]. Their functional value in respiratory physiology was stressed.     

Increased ALA dehydratase activity and spleen weight in lead-intoxicated rats. A consequence of increased blood cell destruction

Lead was given in the diet (1%) to rats from birth and at different times the animals were studies for delta amino levulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity, spleen weight, 59Fe incorporation in erythrocytes and 51Cr-labeled erythrocytes survival. The increased ALAD and spleen weight found after lead treatment is explained as a consequence of a shortened survival, which results in a younger age of circulating erythrocytes with higher ALAD activity.     

Effect of acute administration of delta 1-tetrahydrocannabinol on beta-endorphin levels in plasma and brain tissue of the rat

Acute treatment with delta 1-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 1-THC) elevated the concentration of beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity (beta-ELIR) in plasma and in the hypothalamus, but not in the hippocampus of rats habituated to the injection procedure. These effects were not obtained with the psychotropically inert analog of delta 1-THC, cannabidiol. In animals that had not been habituated to the injection procedure, placebo treatment induced a decrease in hippocampal beta-ELIR.     

Comparative study of the 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-steroid dehydrogenase activity of the mitochondrial and microsomal fractions of human and cat placentas

Delta 5, 3 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity was studied on mitochondrial and microsomal fractions of human and cat placentas. This activity was assessed by measuring the rate of [3H] progesterone formation from [3H] pregnenolone and of [3H] delta 4-androstenedione from [3H] dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA), by a double isotope dilution method. Specific activities measured under initial velocity conditions were similar in both human and cat placentas. However, the kinetics of the reaction with DHA as substrate exhibit a zoological specificity.     

Increased ALA dehydratase activity and spleen weight in lead-intoxicated rats. A consequence of increased blood cell destruction

Summary Lead was given in the diet (1%) to rats from birth and at different times the animals were studied for delta amino levulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity, spleen weight,⁵⁹Fe incorporation in erythrocytes and⁵¹Cr-labeled erythrocytes survival. The increased ALAD and spleen weight found after lead treatment is explained as a consequence of a shortened survival, which results in a younger age of circulating erythrocytes with higher ALAD activity.Supported by Contract No. 140-76-12 ENV. B. of the E. C. Environmental Research Program.     

Biological effects of singlet delta oxygen on respiratory tract epithelium

Exposure of hamster tracheal organ cultures to gas phase singlet delta oxygen, O2, at atmospheric pressure produced significant alterations in the mucociliary epithelium resulting in changes in ciliary activity and cellular morphology.     

The delta sleep inducing peptide (DSIP). Comparative properties of the original and synthetic nonapeptide

Summary Both the original and the synthetic nonapeptide Trp-Ala-Gly-Gly-Asp-Ala-Ser-Gly-Glu enhance, in recipient rabbits, spindle and delta EEG activity as in orthodox slow wave sleep.Acknowledgment. This work was supported by grants from the Swiss National Foundation for Scientific Research (No. 3.871.72, 3.527.75,3.443.074, 3.780.076), Fonds für Lehre und Forschung der Universität Basel, Merck Sharp and Dohme (USA), Ciba-Stiftung Basel, Hoffmann La Roche Ltd Basel, Sandoz Ltd Basel. We received valuable help from Dr S. Roncari, Dr B. Wilson and Dr C. D. Bennett for chemical research, and from Prof. A. Cerletti, Dr H. J. Tobler and Mr J. J. Regez (Division of Application and Research Development, Sandoz Ltd) for data processing.     

Role played in man by myelinated fibers of different diameters for the evocation of a nociceptive flex reflex and the accompanying pain sensation]

Using simultaneous recordings we have made in Man a comparative study of: the sural nerve afferent volley, the nociceptive flexor reflex of a muscle of the lower limb and the associated painful sensation. Two types of stimulations were used, a single short duration electric stimulus, and a train of electric shocks (100/sec). With a single stimulus, the nociceptive flexor reflex and the painful sensation develop only when A delta fibers are recruited. On the other hand, when the stimulations are given by trains the nociceptive flexor reflex and the painful sensation can develop with a stimulus sub-liminar to the threshold of A delta fibers, when A alpha fibers are recruited. When the stimulus activate both A alpha and A delta fibers, the flexion reflex and the pain disappear when a selective blockade of the A delta group is exerted by means of Lidocain.     

Structure of the porcine thyrotropin receptor: a 200 kilodalton glycoprotein heterocomplex

We have determined that the porcine thyroidal TSH receptor is a glycoprotein heterotetramer composed of two Mr approximately 35,000 (epsilon) covalently linked subunits which interact noncovalently with two copies of delta (Mr 66,000) chains.     

Intragenic complementation and the structure and function of argininosuccinate lyase

Argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) catalyzes the reversible hydrolysis of argininosuccinate to arginine and fumarate, a reaction important for the detoxification of ammonia via the urea cycle and for arginine biosynthesis. ASL belongs to a superfamily of structurally related enzymes, all of which function as tetramers and catalyze similar reactions in which fumarate is one of the products. Genetic defects in the ASL gene result in the autosomal recessive disorder argininosuccinic aciduria. This disorder has considerable clinical and genetic heterogeneity and also exhibits extensive intragenic complementation. Intragenic complementation is a phenomenon that occurs when a multimeric protein is formed from subunits produced by different mutant alleles of a gene. The resulting hybrid protein exhibits greater enzymatic activity than is found in either of the homomeric mutant proteins. This review describes the structure and function of ASL and its homologue delta crystallin, the genetic defects associated with argininosuccinic aciduria and current theories regarding complementation in this protein.     

The effect of cannabinol delta1-tetrahydro-cannabinol clearance from the blood.

The co-administration of cannabinol with delta1-tetrahydrocannabinol accelerates the rate of clearance of delta1-tetrahydrocannabinol from rat blood. This increased rate of clearance appears to follow that of cannabinol. The implications of these findings are discussed.     

Some aspects of the NMR-spectra of aporphine and phenanthrene alkaloids

Summary The C-11 proton of an aprophine possessing a C-1,2 methylenedioxy group falls relatively upfield between 7.47 and 7.86. Additionally, the i.c.s. for the two protons of the methylenedioxy group is large (4–12 Hz). The presence of a methylenedioxy at C-3,4 in a phenanthrene alkaloid also results in an upfield shift ( 8.95–9.00) of the C-5 proton.This project was supported by NIH research grant No. HL-12971, awarded by the National Heart and Lung Institute, PHS/DHEW.     

Biological effects of singlet delta oxygen on respiratory tract epithelium

Summary Exposure of hamster tracheal organ cultures to gas phase singlet delta oxygen,¹O₂, at atmospheric pressure produced significant alterations in the mucociliary epithelium resulting in changes in ciliary activity and cellular morphology.Acknowledgments. The authors acknowledge helpful conversations with Professor R.W. Murray of the University of Missouri (St. Louis). We would like to thank the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences for supporting this work through Public Health Grant 1-RO1-ESO1-O1A1-PHTB.     

Ergebnisse und Probleme der organischen Anionochemie

Summary In the alkali-metal organic compounds , the organic part of the molecule, which is negatively charged, displays, as anion or as cryptoanion, a specific activity which becomes evident in the metallation (anionisation) of organic molecules, and in the processes of substitution, addition, elimination, and isomerisation. The present-day state of opinions is described by characteristic examples.

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Nach einem Vortrag in der Heidelberger Akademie im Juli 1958.     

Effect of cadmium chloride on steroidogenic enzymes in the Bidder's organ of the toad (Bufo melanostictus)

Injection of cadmium chloride in a toad increases both the delta 5-3 beta-hydroxy-steroid dehydrogenase and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities in Bidder's organ.     

Sea urchin elongation factor 1δ (EF1δ) and evidence for cell cycle-directed localization changes of a sub-fraction of the protein at M phase

Eukaryotic elongation factor 1 (eEF1) is a translational multimolecular complex reported in higher eukaryotes to be a target of CDK1/cyclin B, the universal regulator of M phase, but whose role in the cell cycle remains to be determined. A specific polyclonal antibody was produced and used to characterize the delta subunit of sea urchin elongation factor 1 (SgEF1) in early embryos, a powerful model for investigating cell cycle regulation. The SgEF1 protein was present in unfertilized eggs as two isoforms of 35 and 37 kDa, issued from two different mRNAs. The two canonical eEF1 partners, eEF1 and eEF1, were shown to co-immunoprecipitate with the SgEF1 isoforms. Both isoforms were associated in a macromolecular complex, which resolved upon gel filtration chromatography at a molecular weight > 400 kDa, suggesting association with other yet unidentified partners. After fertilization, the amount as well as the ratio of both SgEF1 isoforms remained constant during the first cell division as judged by Western blotting. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that a pool of the protein concentrated as a ring at the embryo nuclear location around the period of nuclear envelope breakdown and was visualized later as two large spheres around the mitotic spindle poles. Thus, the eEF1 protein shows cell cycle-specific localization changes in sea urchin embryos.Received 27 May 2003; received after revision 1 July 2003; accepted 4 July 2003     

Inhibition of galvanic skin response by the splanchnic afferent

Zusammenfassung Der hemmende Einfluss wiederholter elektrischer Reizung der Afferenzen des N. splanchnicus auf den galvanischen Hautreflex (GHR) wurde an Katzen untersucht. Gleichzeitige Registrierung des Neurogrammes des N. splanchnicus zeigt, dass die reflektorische Hemmung des GHR durch Fasern der A - Gruppe hervorgerufen wird.