Induction of lymphomas by urethane in combination with diethylstilboestrol in CFLP mice

Summary The combination of urethane and the non-steroidal oestrogen diethylstilboestrol induced lymphomas in CFLP mice.This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Health of Hungary (Grants No. 2-10-0401-01-2/K, 2-11-0801-01-1/VR, 2-09-0801-01-1/E).     

Time-qualified reference intervals — chronodesms

Summary Methods are presented for qualifying clinical reference intervals, for individuals as well as peer groups, according to circadian and other rhythms, using chronobiologically-defined single samples or time series.Supported by the Hoechst Italia Foundation, US Environmental Protection Agency (R804512-01-0), US Public Health Service (5-K6-GM-13, 981), National Cancer Institute (1R01-CA-14446-01), Cancer Supplement (CA-14445-01S1), National Institute of Aging (A6-00158) and National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (OH 00631).     

Circadian variation in urinary melatonin in clinically healthy women in Japan and the United States of America

Summary Urinary melatonin excretion is lower in East-Asian (Japanese) than in North-American (whites of mixed ethnic origin) women. Moreover, a statistically significant circadian rhythm is demonstrated by population-mean cosinor in the data pool from both groups of women. Furthermore, statistical significance characterizes interactions of effects from geographic differences (between ethnic groups) with temporal factors. Such spatio-temporal interactions await further scrutiny with a view inter alia of carcinogenesis as it is influenced by a spectrum of intermodulating rhythms.Supported by U.S. Public Health Service (5-K6-GM-13981-17), National Cancer Institute (1R01-CA-14445-05 and N01-CP-5-5702), National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (OH-00631-01), National Institute of Aging (AG-00158), Environmental Protection Agency (R804513-01-0), Swedish Medical Research Council grant 3371 and the St Paul Ramsey Medical Research and Education Foundation. R.B. Sothern and Jung-Keun Lee, Scientists, Chronobiology Laboratories, University of Minnesota provided valuable help.     

Micro-diver studies on isolated intestinal cells

Zusammenfassung Der Sauerstoffverbrauch in isolierten Epithelzellen aus dem Dünndarm von Ratten wurde mit dem Kartesischen Taucher untersucht. Die Zellen aus den Villusbasen zeigten einen höheren Sauerstoffverbrauch als Zellen von den Villusspitzen.

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This study was supported by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council No. B70-14X-2873-01 and No. B70-14X-2855-01 and from US Public Health Service No. HE-05675-09.     

Intensification of amphetamine-induced excitation by methysergide,a serotonergic receptor blocker

Summary Methysergide, a serotonergic receptor blocker, was studied to determine its effects against d-amphetamine-induced excitation as measured by convulsions elicited by handling in mice. Significant intensification (p<0.01) of the action of d-amphetamine was observed in mice. These results indicate that reduction in serotonergic activity in the central nervous system enhances excitation induced by d-amphetamine.This work was supported by the Pharmaceutical Manufacturer Association Starter Grant, No. 5 S01 RR 05654-06 and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Grant. The authors are grateful to Ben Wiggins, Michael Wallace, Maria Salazar, and Sanford Futterman for their technical assistance. The authors are also grateful to Dr Boris Tabakoff for supplying the formula of the CSF used in this experiment and we are indebted to San Antonio College for the use of their computer facilities. Dr Blum is a Career Teacher in drug addiction sponsored by NIDA, grant No. 1-T01-DA00290-01.     

Photoreceptor properties of an ectopic eye in the fleshfly,Sarcophaga bullata

Summary Ectopic eyes were produced on the fleshfly,Sarcophaga bullata by transplantation of imaginal eye discs. Electrophysiological and histological observations of these supernumerary eyes indicate the absence of synaptic connections between retinular cells and higher order neurons.Supported by an University of New Brunswick research grant to P.S. and NSF grant BNS-76-11921 and NIH grant 1-R01-EY-02487-01A1 to W.S.S.We would like to thank Dr I.A. Meinertzhagen for suggestions and Mary Johnson for technical assistance.     

Localization of concanavalin-A binding sites inTetrahymena by scanning electron microscopy

Summary Binding sites of concanavalin-A were detected inTetrahymena on the body ciliature, while the cell membrane itself and the oral ciliature failed to bind the lectine.Supported by the Scientific Research Council, Ministry of Health, Hungary 1-01-0302-02-1/Cs.     

Purification of plasminogen activator(s) from human seminal plasma

Summary Human seminal plasma contains an activator of plasminogen which was chromatographically purified. The molecular weight was determined to be 67,000.This study was supported by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council (No. B75-17X-4523-01).     

Synthesis of 5′-deoxypyridoxal derivatives

Summary A convenient synthesis of 5-deoxypyridoxal derivatives is described. The method involves catalytic hydrogenolysis of the corresponding 5-phosphorylated derivatives; products are obtained in high yields.Supported by PHS Grant No. 5429-16-9.     

冠心病患者无症状性心肌缺血的动态心电图探讨

目的 探讨冠心病（CHD）患者无症状性心肌缺血（SMI）的动态心电图（DCG）的临床特点. 方法 对216例CHD患者应用12导联DCG进行24 h监测. 结果 192例有1930阵次心肌缺血发作,其中SMI占1650阵次（85.4%）.SMI压低次数及持续时间与有症状性心肌缺血差异有显著性（P＜0.01）.白天（6：00～18：00）发作频率是夜间（18：00～24：00）的2.40倍,发作高峰为6：00～12：00,0：00～6：00最少,SMI ST压低过程中伴有明显的心率上升,发作前和发作时心率比较有显著差异（P＜0.01）. 结论 SMI检出率远高于有症状心肌缺血,24小时动态心电图对无症状性心肌缺血的预测具有重要价值.     

Occurrence of trichochromes in the urine of a melanoma patient

Summary The presence of two phaeomelanic pigments, trichochrome B and C, was demonstrated in the urine of a patient with malignant melanoma metastases.Supported by grants from the Swedish Cancer Society (No. 626-B75-04XA), 869-B75-01P, the Swedish Medical Research Council (No. B76-04X-00056-12), and the Walter, Ellen and Lennart Hesselman Foundation for Scientific Research. ProfessorProta was a visiting scientist of the Swedish Cancer Society (No. 626-B75-04U).     

A new N-glucuronide metabolite of carbamazepine

Summary An N-glucuronide metabolite of carbamazepine was identified in the bile of the isolated perfused rat liver by means of permethylation, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.This research was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (Nos. N01-NS-5-2328, AM-17665) and the James Whitcomb Riley Memorial Association (No. 74-15) and a grant from the Epilepsy, Foundation of America.     

Effect of 6-hydroxydopamine pretreatment on spontaneous convulsions induced by barbital withdrawal

Summary Follwing withdrawal from chronic barbital administration, 6-hydroxydopamine pretreated rats show a greater number and an earlier onset of spontaneous convulsive seizures than do rats pretreated with the saline-ascorbic acid vehicle.Supported by NIMH Grant No. 5 RO1 DA00755-02.Recipient of Research Scientist Development Award, No. 1 KO2 MH00028-01.     

Protohemin in bile during primate development

Summary Protohemin is excreted in biles of primate fetuses and premature newborns. It also was found in relatively large quantities in the lower ileum and mesenteric lymph-nodes of newborn primates.This work was supported by National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, grants 1RO1 HD 07331-02 and 1F22 HD 00191-01.     

Enhanced heparan sulfate proteoglycan-mediated uptake of cell-penetrating peptide-modified liposomes

Protein transduction domains (PTDs) are used to enhance cellular uptake of drugs, proteins, polynucleotides or liposomes. In this study, functionalized Antennapedia (Antp, aa 43–-58) and HIV Tat (aa 47–57) peptides were coupled to small unilamellar liposomes via thiol-maleimide linkage. Modified liposomes showed higher uptake into a panel of cell lines including tumor and dendritic cells than unmodified control liposomes. Liposome uptake was time and concentration dependent as analyzed by flow cytometry and live-cell microscopy. At least 100 PTD molecules per small unilamellar liposome (100 ± 30 nm) were necessary for efficient translocation into cells. Cellular uptake of PTD-modified liposomes was 15- to 25-fold increased compared to unmodified liposomes and was inhibited by preincubation of liposomes with heparin. Glycosaminoglycan-deficient CHO cells showed dramatically reduced cell association of PTD-modified liposomes, confirming the important role of heparan sulfate proteoglycans in PTD-mediated uptake. Antp-liposomes used as carriers of the cytotoxic drug N⁴-octadecyl-1--D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-(5- 5)-3-C-ethinylcytidine showed a reduction of the IC₅₀ by 70% on B16F1 melanoma cells compared with unmodified liposomes. PTD-functionalized liposomes, particularly Antp-liposomes, represent an interesting novel carrier system for enhanced cell-specific delivery of a large variety of liposome-entrapped molecules.Received 16 April 2004; received after revision 13 May 2004; accepted 25 May 2004     

Induction of mouse hepatic ornithine decarboxylase by skin application of 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

Summary Topically applied 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on mouse skin was able to induce liver ornithine decarboxylase. Maximum induction occurred 10 h after a single application. Whereas no induction was noticeable at doses of 0.17 and 1.7 nmoles, 17 and 177 nmoles of 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate caused about 30- and 57-fold increases respectively.This work was supported by NCI grants CA-09020, CA-07175 and P01-CA-22484.     

Lowering of blood ketone bodies induced by drugs preventing free fatty acid mobilization

Riassunto Vengono presentati alcuni dati che dimostrano come sostanze che abbassino il livello degli FFA plasmatici nei ratti diminuiscano anche il livello dei corpi chetonici. Viene discussa la possibilità che la formazione dei corpi chetonici possa dipendere dal controllo della liberazione degli FFA nel tessuto adiposo.

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Supported by a grant made from Public Health Service National Heart Institute, Dept. of Health Education and Welfare, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. 20014, USA (No. 1.R01.HE09971-01).     

Nonlinear dynamics in sudden cardiac death syndrome: heartrate oscillations and bifurcations

Patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death show evidence of nonlinear heartrate dynamics, including abrupt spectral changes (bifurcations) and sustained low frequency (.01-.04 Hz) oscillations in heartrate.     

In vitro effects of melanocytolytic agents and other compounds upon dominant human melanoma tyrosinase activity

Summary The activity of dominant human melanoma tyrosinase isozyme was greatly decreased by certain reducing agents. The number and geometry of phenolic groups as well as free-SH group appear important for enzymic inhibition.This investigation was supported by U.S. Public Health Service Research Grant No. CA-12731-02 and CA-15991-01 from National Cancer Institute.     

Suppression of ethanol withdrawal by dopamine

Summary An ethanol-inhalation technique was used to determine a potential relationship between dopamine and central nervous effects produced by alcohol. Bothl-DOPA and intracranially injected dopamine resulted in attenuation of ethanol-induced withdrawal convulsion scores, whereas, haloperidol, a known dopaminergic blocker was found to significantly increase convulsion scores.We thankB. Wiggins, S. Elston andRaul Marin for technical help. The work was supported gy NIH, Air Force Office of Scientific Research and Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association Grants. Dr.Blum is also a recipient of the Career Teacher Award, Grant No. 1-T01-D100290-01.