一种考虑双重相似度的协同过滤推荐算法

协同过滤算法为推荐系统提供了一种方法,但传统的协同过滤方法推荐精度低.提出一种考虑用户评分相似性的协同过滤算法,通过在皮尔逊相关系数中加入项目数量相似度和用户评分相似度两个因素来计算用户间的相似度,以产生更合理的邻居用户,提高推荐精度,完成对用户的推荐,同时邻居用户的选取采用动态阈值设定方法.实验结果表明,所提出的算法相比传统方法选择出的邻居更为精确,推荐质量更高.     

基于用户偏好度的双极协同过滤推荐算法

为了解决目前推荐方法中用户相似度计算不准确、推荐准确率较低的问题,建立一种基于用户偏好度的双极协同过滤推荐算法。计算用户间共同项目数量,当共同项目数量小于设定阈值时,选择用户、项目、项目属性特征构建用户对项目、属性的双极特征向量,表示用户的喜欢程度和讨厌程度。通过对双极特征向量进行加权计算,得到用户间相似度。在标准的MovieLens数据集上验证该算法。实验结果表明,该文算法的平均绝对误差(MAE)和均方根误差(RMSE)较其他算法降低了约9%,平均分值排名(R)降低了约10%。     

一种基于评分信息熵的融合协同过滤算法

相似度计算是协同过滤推荐算法的基础,但由于用户之间共同评价项目数量稀少,导致传统的协同过滤算法无法准确计算用户之间的相似度,从而造成推荐质量不佳.通过在Pearson相似度计算公式中加入用户之间联系的惩罚因子,并在此基础上与评分信息熵进行融合,提出一种新的用户之间相似度计算方法.实验结果表明,该算法能够更准确地计算用户...     

基于多任务学习的微博流行度预测

以短文本内容发布为主要特点的微博,已经成为重要的信息传播媒介,预测微博流行度对舆情监测、企业营销、热点推送等都具有重要意义.当前对微博流行度预测的研究主要侧重于对所有用户的微博数据进行统一建模预测,鲜有研究考虑不同影响力用户之间的差异.而微博数据的分析显示标签、提及和微博长度等对微博流行度的影响会随发布者的影响力变化显示出明显差异,在流行度预测中充分考虑这些差异,有助于取得更好的预测结果.为此,在流行度预测中引入多任务学习(Multi-Task Learning,简称MTL),并结合SVM构建SVM+MTL模型,此模型通过同时考虑所有用户的共同特性和不同用户的具体特性来提高预测性能.此外,除了预测常用的用户属性和微博发布行为等特征外,还引入微博内容相似性这一新特征,该特征能明显提高预测准确率.基于微博数据的实验表明,SVM+MTL模型可以有效提高微博流行度预测性能.     

基于综合相似度与任务紧要度的个性化任务推荐

研究了如何将协同过滤推荐应用于IT项目外包平台,实现个性化任务推荐,提出了1种融合用户Profile文本相似度、任务选择相似度及任务紧要度的协同推荐方法． 该方法将用户对任务的选择行为转换为用户-任务类选择矩阵,并以此计算用户间的选择相似性;用户profile文本相似性用于平衡用户选择相似性并形成用户综合相似性,算法中任务紧要度用于度量任务的时限性与经济性,设置合适的阈值来构建待推荐任务集． 在真实数据集上的实验结果表明,提出的个性化推荐方法具有较高的推荐准确度,并在一定程度上缓解冷启动与数据稀疏性问题．     

基于用户的协同过滤(UserCF)新闻推荐算法研究

新闻更新快、易受流行和热门item的影响,用户兴趣也在不断的变化,因此就新闻推荐来说更应该关注其推荐的时效性.目前存在的用户相似度计算公式没有考虑时间因素,文中改进了原有用户相似度计算方法,增加了时间衰减因子,共同喜欢新闻i的用户u和v,产生行为的时间越远,这两个用户在新闻i上的相似度就会越小.文中提出的算法应用于http://www. show-ease. com网站的新闻推荐.通过收集7月4日到7月21日对推荐新闻的点击量和未推荐新闻的点击量,得出推荐新闻的点击量比未推荐新闻的点击量提高了31%到52%.文中提出的用户相似度计算方法在实践中取得了较好的效果.     

基于联合物品搭配度的推荐算法框架

针对现有推荐系统大多基于物品(用户)相似度进行计算,其推荐结果无法兼顾推荐对象的搭配性特征的问题,提出了一种基于联合搭配度的推荐算法框架.该算法框架中的联合搭配度模型,结合了用户交互反馈、物品的文本和结构化知识3方面的信息,分别计算目标物品与候选物品的搭配程度,然后利用逻辑回归算法进行搭配度融合,可以得到与目标物品最相搭配的物品推荐列表.通过在淘宝真实数据集上的实验,该推荐算法框架相比于传统基于相似性的推荐算法,显著提高了搭配推荐的性能,同时在用户交互记录较少的情况下也能有较好的精确度.     

一种基于混合相似度的用户多兴趣推荐算法

针对传统协同过滤推荐数据稀疏会影响推荐质量,以及项目最近邻居集的计算忽略用户多兴趣及提高推荐的准确度问题,该文采用混合模型改进了相似性度量计算,综合Pearson相关系数与修正余弦相似性,提出了一种基于混合相似度的用户多兴趣推荐算法.实验表明:该推荐方法的相似度计算更高效,不仅提高推荐准确率,而且使用户有更好的推荐体验.     

一种改进的协同过滤推荐算法

协同过滤推荐算法是目前个性化推荐系统中应用比较广泛的一种算法,但也同样面临着数据稀疏性、冷启动、可扩展性等问题.本文主要针对数据稀疏性问题和冷启动问题导致的推荐效果不精确,提出了一种改进的数据填充方式和相似度计算方法.首先根据用户评分习惯对用户进行层次聚类,其次利用用户基本信息如年龄初步计算用户之间的相似度,并将共同评分项所占比值作为权重得到用户相似度,最后利用Slope-one算法计算前K个相似用户的填充值,加入相似度的权重以获得最终填充值.计算相似度寻找近邻集时,将用户基本属性作为相似度权重,并且引入Sigmoid函数来添加时间戳对相似度的影响,并得到最终的相似度计算方法. 实验结果表明,推荐精度得到了显著提高,数据稀疏性问题和冷启动问题得到了改善.     

基于用户相似度的Slope one算法

传统协同过滤算法slope one简单高效,但只关注了用户评分之间的关系,而没有考虑到用户之间的相似性。为了使该算法的推荐结果更加精确,基于对slope one算法及weighted slope one算法原理的分析研究,提出将用户相似度与weighted slope one算法相结合的改进算法。同时分析了流行度与平均因子对用户相似度的影响,并对用户相似度公式进行了加权改进。通过标准Movie Lens数据集对slope one算法、weighted slope one算法以及改进的slope one算法进行评估对比,从实验数据中可以看出改进的slope one算法推荐结果更加精确。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that