水热法合成磷酸银及其表征

以硝酸银和十二水磷酸钠为原料,150℃水热条件下反应24 h制备出了多面体Ag3PO4。对产物的结构进行了X-射线粉末衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),荧光(FL)光谱表征,分析了在水热条件下AgNO3浓度﹑反应时间、反应温度和溶液的pH对产物形貌的影响。X-射线粉末衍射分析表明得到的产物为纯净的立方相Ag3PO4,通过扫描电镜观察到产物形貌主要为多面体结构。     

水热法合成磷酸锰及其表征

以六水硝酸锰和十二水磷酸钠为原料,酸性条件150℃水热条件下反应24 h制备出深绿色MnPO4.H2O颗粒。对产物的结构进行X-射线粉末衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),荧光(FL)光谱,红外(IR)光谱等表征。X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)分析表明得到产物为纯净的底心单斜相MnPO4.H2O,显示原料中的正二价的锰离子被氧化为正三价的锰离子;通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)可以观察到MnPO4.H2O的形貌为边长约15μm的立方体。在水热条件下,Mn(NO3)2的浓度?溶液的pH、反应时间和反应温度对最终产物物相和形貌均有影响。     

纳米羟基磷灰石的制备及工艺优化

以Ca（OH）2和H3PO4为原料，采用沉淀法制备了羟基磷灰石纳米粒子（n—HA）；讨论了H3PO4的滴加速率、反应时间、反应温度、溶液的pH值、搅拌强度，以及干燥方法对纳米羟基磷灰石结构和性能的影响。利用红外光谱（FTIR）、X-射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）等分析测试手段对产物结构与形貌进行了表征。实验结果表明，溶液在搅拌强度为2000r／min反应10h，并结合冷冻干燥，可得到结晶尺寸小、纯度和分散性较好的纳米羟基磷灰石粒子。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备SnP_2O_7粉体

为简化SnP2O7的制备工艺,以SnCl4·5H2O和H3PO4为原料,用溶胶-凝胶法制备SnP2O7材料.经粒度分析粒径对凝胶与磷酸反应的影响;采用X-射线衍射和扫描电镜对SnP2O7粉末进行形貌和微观组织结构分析.结果表明,原料配比n(H3PO4): n (SnCl4)=1: 0.5,在850℃制备的SnP2O7粉末颗粒细小且颗粒尺寸较均匀,平均粒径在330nm左右.     

低温液相合成Cd（OH）2纳米材料

本文以Cd（NO3）2和六次甲基四胺（HMT）为原料,采用低温液相法,合成Cd（OH）2纳米材料。研究了不同添加剂对产物形貌与尺寸的影响。X-射线粉末衍射仪（XRD）,扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对产物的结构与形貌进行表征。结果显示,合成产物为六方结构的Cd（OH）2纳米材料。在添加剂PAM存在下所得产物形貌为纳米丝组成的微米片。在柠檬酸钠存在时,产物形貌为250nm的Cd（OH）2纳米球。在添加剂不变条件下,加入适量氨水,产物的形貌不变,但尺寸明显减小。     

Ag3PO4/TiOxNy的制备及可见光催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Ag3 PO4/TiOxNy催化剂,运用低温N2吸附、X射线粉末衍射、紫外可见漫反射、程序升温脱附-质谱联用和电子自旋共振谱等测试手段对催化剂的理化性质和活性物种等进行详细表征,并以苯的可见光催化降解为反应模型考察样品的光催化活性.结果表明,Ag3PO4修饰改善了TiOxNy的结构和可见光催化活性,...     

选择性合成β-AgVO3/Ag纳米复合材料

通过一个操作简单、快速高效的水热法,在160℃、24 h的条件下,成功制备出平均宽度为100 nm、厚度为10 nm、长度达数10μm的β-AgVO3/Ag纳米复合材料。通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对产物的成分、结构和形貌进行了表征,对反应温度和溶液的pH值等反应条件及该复合材料的紫外可见光吸收性质进行了研究。     

微量Ag_3PO_4改性g-C_3N_4的可见光催化活性研究

采用一种简易方法制备了较低Ag3PO4含量的Ag3PO4/g-C3N4复合可见光催化剂,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-vis DRS)、荧光光谱(PL)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等对Ag3PO4/gC3N4进行了系统分析与表征。通过在Ag3PO4/g-C3N4存在条件下甲基橙的光降解反应,考察该催化剂的可见光催化活性。结果表明,所制备的复合材料中确实存在Ag3PO4,Ag3PO4的引入对gC3N4晶型结构没有明显的影响,但显著提高了其在可见光区的吸收能力和光生电子/空穴对的分离效率,提高了其可见光催化活性。     

水热法合成枝蔓状CdS纳米晶

采用传统的水热法,以氯化镉（CdCl2·2.5H2O）和硫脲（H2NCSH2N）为前驱物,通过调节反应条件合成了枝蔓状CdS纳米晶。采用X-射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征了产物的物相和形貌。结果表明：合成的产物均为六方相CdS结构,并且产物的形貌随前驱物浓度、反应时间的改变而改变,在反应时间较长的情况下产物均为枝蔓状。     

Ag2Se纳米晶的水热合成及表征

在低温水热条件下,以AgNO3、Na2SeO3或单质硒为反应物,制备了金属硫族化合物Ag2Se纳米晶.用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)分别对Ag2Se纳米晶的结构及形貌进行了表征分析.结果表明,所得样品为正交晶系的Ag2Se纳米晶,主要形貌为不规则的纳米颗粒;同时采用不同硒源及表面活性剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)可以获得不同形貌的纳米晶.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that