Construction of time-frequency codes based on protograph LDPC codes in OFDM communication systems

This paper proposes a scheme to construct timefrequency codes based on protograph low density parity check (LDPC) codes in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication systems.This approach synthesizes two techniques:protograph LDPC codes and OFDM.One symbol of encoded information by protograph LDPC codes corresponds to one subcarrier,namely the length of encoded information equals to the number of subcarriers.The design of good protograph LDPC codes with short lengths is given,and the proposed protograph LDPC codes can be of fast encoding,which can reduce the encoding complexity and simplify encoder hardware implementation.The proposed approach provides a higher coding gain in the Rayleigh fading channel.The simulation results in the Rayleigh fading channel show that the bit error rate(BER) performance of the proposed time-frequency codes is as good as random LDPC-OFDM codes and is better than Tanner LDPC-OFDM codes under the condition of different fading coefficients.     

基于WBP-CNN算法的LDPC译码

针对低密度奇偶校验(low density parity check, LDPC)码在相关噪声条件下译码误比特率上升的问题,结合传统译码算法与卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network, CNN)设计了新的译码器。该译码器在置信传播(belief propagation, BP)算法中引入加权比特翻转(weighted bit-flipping, WBF)算法,生成加权BP(weighted BP,WBP)结构以解决码字临界处误比特率较高的问题。然后通过CNN降低噪声,在WBP和CNN之间迭代处理接收信号,使信号估计值不断逼近真实值以降低相关噪声的影响。通过仿真发现,与BP算法相比,所提算法能够有效降低相关噪声条件下LDPC译码的误比特率。     

基于WBP-CNN算法的LDPC译码

针对低密度奇偶校验(low density parity check, LDPC)码在相关噪声条件下译码误比特率上升的问题,结合传统译码算法与卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network, CNN)设计了新的译码器。该译码器在置信传播(belief propagation, BP)算法中引入加权比特翻转(weighted bit-flipping, WBF)算法,生成加权BP(weighted BP,WBP)结构以解决码字临界处误比特率较高的问题。然后通过CNN降低噪声,在WBP和CNN之间迭代处理接收信号,使信号估计值不断逼近真实值以降低相关噪声的影响。通过仿真发现,与BP算法相比,所提算法能够有效降低相关噪声条件下LDPC译码的误比特率。     

多元LDPC-CPM系统中动态迭代停止算法

针对正反馈存在于短帧多元低密度奇偶校验码(low density parity check,LDPC)与高阶连续相位调制(continuous phase modulation,CPM)迭代系统中的问题,提出一种在低信噪比采用加权联合平均外信息交换、在中高信噪比采用加权外信息交换的外信息处理方式。该方式对解调器与译码器之间传递的外信息进行相应处理,可以有效控制波动过大的位概率。同时将交叉熵(cross entropy,CE)和辅助硬判决(hard decision aided,HDA)两种迭代停止准则与加权外信息处理方式结合进行动态迭代译码。理论分析和仿真结果表明,对外信息交换进行加权操作并联合动态迭代停止算法能够在有效减少正反馈的同时使迭代的收敛性得到优化,同时迭代停止算法可减少平均迭代次数,提高系统的实时性。     

改进的分层修正最小和LDPC译码算法及译码器设计

提出了一种改进的分层修正最小和的LDPC译码算法,该算法充分考虑到了译码器硬件结构的特性,使用了部分信息节点提前中止迭代的方法,降低了译码器处理数据的位宽。同时,在这种算法的基础上,设计出了结构简单的译码器,该译码器在资源使用非常少的情况下可以获得较高的译码吞吐量,同时保持译码器译码性能和相应的浮点算法很接近。另外通过合理地设计LDPC码校验矩阵(H矩阵)和译码器数据处理单元,使得译码器可以支持多种码长码率LDPC码译码。这样结构特点的译码器,在低功耗以及需要多种码长码率的编码进行数据传输的领域有着非常高的应用价值。     

Optimized LDPC differential-encoded 16QAM scheme for high-speed transmission systems

The 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation （16QAM） is a high spectral efficient scheme for high-speed transmission systems. To remove the phase ambiguity in the coherent detection system, differential-encoded 16QAM （DE-16QAM） is usually used, however, it will cause performance degradation about 3 dB as compared to the conventional 16QAM. To overcome the performance loss, a serial concatenated system with outer low density parity check （LDPC） codes and inner DE-16QAM is proposed. At the receiver, joint iterative differential demodulation and decoding （ID） is carried out to approach the maximum likelihood performance. Moreover, a genetic evolution algorithm based on the extrinsic information transfer chart is proposed to optimize the degree distribution of the outer LDPC codes. Both theoretical analyses and simulation results indicate that this algorithm not only compensates the performance loss, but also obtains a significant performance gain, which is up to 1 dB as compared to the conventional non-DE-16QAM.     

并行载波索引差分混沌移位键控通信方案

为提高载波索引差分混沌移位键控通信系统的传输速率和频谱效率, 提出一种并行载波索引差分混沌移位键控通信方案。发射端重复使用有限的载波索引资源进行多次索引调制, 生成多路信息信号并借助正交Walsh码实现并行传输; 接收端利用各路信息信号之间的相似性, 在分段降噪和不同路信息信号之间相关值的基础上完成解调。推导所提方案在加性高斯白噪声和多径Rayleigh衰落信道中的理论误码率(bit error rate, BER)并完成仿真验证。结果表明, 所提方案不但可以大幅提升频谱效率, 而且可以明显改善BER性能。     

MC-DS-CDMA调制通信的矿井巷道信道仿真分析

基于所建立的Nakagami分布矿井巷道宽带统计分段信道模型,仿真研究了多载波直接序列扩频码分多址接入(MC-DS-CDMA)调制技术在矿井巷道中的宽带无线通信性能.仿真结果表明矿井MC-DS-CDMA系统误码率性能主要决定于矿井巷道的幅度衰落情况,而基本不受矿井巷道信道时延扩展的影响.矿井MC-DS-CDMA系统在矿井巷道信道环境下对多普勒频移的抑制能力比较弱.当脉冲干扰发生不频繁时,矿井MC-DS-CDMA系统受脉冲干扰影响不大,但当脉冲干扰发生频繁时,矿井MC-DA-CDMA系统误码率性能恶化.在多用户情况下矿井MC-DS-CDMA系统的误码率性能明显优于矿井DS-CDMA系统.     

新型正交降噪CDSK通信系统

针对置换相关键控(permutation correlated shift keying, PCSK)存在信号间干扰且误码率(bit error rate, BER)较高的问题,对其进行改进并提出了新型正交降噪相关延迟移位键控(quadrature noise reduction correlation delay shift keying, QNR-CDSK)通信系统。通过设计一种新的正交混沌信号发生器,产生两路严格正交的混沌信号,将这两路信号分别作为参考信号和信息承载信号并复制P次后叠加传输,从而消除信号间干扰。随后使用滑动平均滤波器对接收信号进行滤波处理,降低系统BER。最后在加性高斯白噪声信道和瑞利衰落信道下推导了系统的BER,并进行蒙特卡罗仿真验证其性能。结果表明,与PCSK系统相比,该系统具有更好的BER性能,为混沌通信的实际应用提供了参考价值。     

Power control scheme for multiple antenna systems with space-time coding in Rayleigh fading channels

Two optimal power control(PC) schemes under the power constraint for space-time coded multiple input multiple output systems over the flat Rayleigh fading channel with the imperfect channel state information(CSI) are presented.One is based on the minimization of a bit error rate(BER),and the other is based on the maximization of a fuzzy signal-to-noise ratio.In these schemes,different powers are allocated to individual transmit antennas rather than equal power in the conventional one.For the first scheme,the optimal PC procedure is developed.It is shown that the Lagrange multiplier for the constrained optimization in the power control does exist and is unique.A practical iterative algorithm based on Newton’s method for finding the Lagrange multiplier is proposed.In the second scheme,some existing schemes are included,and a suboptimal PC procedure is developed by means of the asymptotic performance analysis.With this suboptimal scheme,a simple PC calculation formula is provided,and thus the calculation of the PC will be straightforward.Moreover,the suboptimal scheme has the BER performance close to the optimal scheme.Simulation results show that the two PC schemes can provide BER lower than the equal PC and antenna selection scheme under the imperfect CSI.