基于遗传算法优化参数的支持向量机短期负荷预测方法

通过研究参数选择和支持向量机预测能力的影响,建立利用遗传算法优化参数的支持向量机负荷预测系统.通过遗传算法对支持向量机(SVM)预测模型的各项参数进行寻优预处理,找到最优的参数取值,然后,代入支持向量机SVM预测模型中,得基于遗传算法的支持向量机(GA-SVM)模型,利用此模型对短期电力负荷进行预测研究.通过实例验证,选择河北某地区2005-03-02至2007-05-22每天各个时点的数据进行分析,并且选择SVM模型与BP(Back propagation)神经网络进行对比.研究结果表明:用GA-SVM算法得到的均方根相对误差仅为2.25%,比用SVM模型和BP神经网络所得的均方根相对误差比分别低0.58%和1.93%.所提出的测试方法克服了传统参数选择方法存在的缺点(如研究者往往凭经验和有限的实验给定一组参数,而不讨论参数制定的合理性),提高了支持向量机的预测精度.     

基于遗传算法优化的支持向量机品位插值模型

将支持向量机(SVM)和遗传算法(GA)集成应用到矿体品位插值问题中,利用遗传算法全局搜索的优势对支持向量机的三个关键参数——惩罚系数C、不敏感系数ε和核函数参数σ进行寻优,克服单纯支持向量机法中依靠经验确定参数的局限性.将优化参数代入到支持向量机中进行迭代训练,得到基于遗传算法参数优化的支持向量机(GA-SVM)矿体品位插值模型.以国内典型矿山的实际勘探数据为例,通过该品位插值模型计算结果与传统插值方法计算结果和矿山生产实际数据的对比分析,验证了其可行性和有效性.     

基于主成分分析和支持向量机的区域降水预测应用研究

将主成分分析和支持向量机回归相结合, 以广西5、6月区域平均日降水量作为预报对象, 进行区域日降水量预测研究.首先,整理分析大量的T213数值预报产品信息数据进行主成分分析, 得到主成分数据序列; 其次, 根据主成分数据序列建立训练集训练支持向量机, 并利用遗传算法优化参数; 最后, 输入支持向量机所需数据, 得到主成分预测结果, 建立广西日降水预报模型. 实例计算结果表明, 支持向量机回归模型比逐步回归模型有更好的预测能力.     

基于遗传算法的LIBSVM模型大坝扬压力预测研究

支持向量机（SVM）模型的核心问题是惩罚因子c和核函数参数g的选取.通常支持向量机库工具箱（LIBSVM）采用传统网格搜索算法进行参数寻优,只能得到交叉验证意义下的全局最优解,在更大范围内进行参数寻优比较费时,且效率较低,针对这一问题,提出了基于遗传算法的启发式寻优,以交叉验证（CV）意义下的准确率为适应度,通过一系列的选择交叉变异操作,得到最优的c和g,将优化后的SVM模型应用于大坝扬压力的预测.通过某大坝扬压力监测的实例应用,将遗传算法优化的LIBSVM与传统的LIBSVM预测相对比,预测效果更好,精度更高.     

基于GA-SVM算法永磁同步直线电机变载荷进给位置误差预测

针对永磁同步直线电机精密进给过程中,受到齿槽效应、端部效应及摩擦力扰动等非线性因素的影响,位置误差难以预测问题,提出了一种基于遗传算法(GA)优化支持向量机(SVM)算法永磁直线电机变载荷位置误差预测模型的方法。通过测量各种情况下永磁直线电机在运动过程中的位置变化情况,利用遗传算法优化支持向量机算法建立预测模型。该模型采用实验台运行的正弦轨迹数据为训练样本,三角波轨迹数据为测试样本。选取各种情形的正弦波轨迹数据和三角波轨迹数据进行仿真预测和验证。以各种情况的正弦波信号的指令位置、指令速度和电流作为模型的输入,以三角波信号的位置误差作为输出。结果表明,经过遗传算法优化支持向量机建立的位置误差预测模型,在拟合和预测精度上要优于未经过算法优化的位置误差预测模型。     

基于GA-SVM算法永磁同步直线电机变载荷进给位置误差的预测

针对永磁同步直线电机精密进给过程中,受到齿槽效应、端部效应及摩擦力扰动等非线性因素的影响,位置误差难以预测问题,提出了一种基于遗传算法(GA)优化支持向量机(SVM)算法永磁直线电机变载荷位置误差预测模型的方法。通过测量各种情况下永磁直线电机在运动过程中的位置变化情况,利用遗传算法优化支持向量机算法建立预测模型。该模型采用实验台运行的正弦轨迹数据为训练样本,三角波轨迹数据为测试样本。选取各种情形的正弦波轨迹数据和三角波轨迹数据进行仿真预测和验证。以各种情况的正弦波信号的指令位置、指令速度和电流作为模型的输入,以三角波信号的位置误差作为输出。结果表明,经过遗传算法优化支持向量机建立的位置误差预测模型,在拟合和预测精度上要优于未经过算法优化的位置误差预测模型。     

基于SVM理论的大坝安全预警模型研究

大坝安全预警模型可以理解为根据特定的映射关系由影响因素域到大坝性态效应量域的计算求解问题.对于多因素综合影响下的大坝系统,这种映射关系一般为非线性的.从机器学习的角度,本文应用粗集理论和SVM理论,研究了对上述关系的拟合.首先,利用粗集理论智能数据分析方法,对大坝安全监测信息进行预处理,抽取关键成分作为映射关系的输入,从而确定映射关系的初始拓扑结构.在此基础上,应用最小二乘支持向量机算法,以训练误差作为优化问题 的约束条件,以置信范围值最小化作为优化目标,从大坝安全原型观测数据中学习归纳出大坝系统运行规律,从而实现对大坝安全预警模型的构建.实例分析表明,该模型能够有效的模拟和预测大坝工作性态与主要影响因素的关系.     

充填钻孔寿命SVM优化预测模型研究

基于充填钻孔是充填料浆从地表输送到井下采场的咽喉工程,是矿山正常运转的保障,对矿山充填钻孔使用寿命进行预测十分重要,建立支持向量机(SVM)回归预测模型,用训练集对模型进行训练,以验证集预测值的均方误差作为适应度函数,通过遗传算法(GA)对SVM模型参数进行优化选择,应用优化得到的SVM模型对预测集进行预测。以某矿为例,通过GA得到SVM模型最优参数:适应值(均方误差)为0.011 1,惩罚系数C为47.076 8,核函数参数σ为2.263 8。采用优化的SVM模型对预测集充填钻孔寿命进行预测,预测结果的最大预测相对误差为8.6%,平均相对误差为5.2%。对比BP神经网络(最大相对误差为13.6%),优化的SVM模型预测结果更加理想,精度更高。     

基坑近邻地表沉降的GA-SVM建模研究

基坑开挖引起其邻近地表沉降的即时预测评估有利于实现工程安全的高效控制,应用支持向量机(Support Vector Machines,SVM)函数方法提出一个适用于这项工作需要的沉降数据预测方法。通过遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)的引入获得核函数类型、核函数参数及错误惩罚因子的选取结果。结合SVM函数回归计算技术,利用已知数据完成GA-SVM建模,根据模型的外推结果,给出沉降预测值。以广州某地铁工程为实例,对比分析了GA参数寻优是否进行优化的预测效果差异,与实测结果的对比证实GA-SVM预测模型具有较好的预测精度,同时表明GA-SVM沉降预测方法良好的技术应用价值。     

基于支持向量机算法的连铸漏钢预报模型研究

漏钢预报系统的性能往往取决于其算法模型的性能,支持向量机(SVM)算法在解决小样本、非线性及高维模式识别中具有许多特有优势,能够避免神经网络隐含层节点选择及局部极小值等问题,而不同的SVM算法参数往往会对其性能产生显著影响。为此,本文利用GS网格搜索法、PSO粒子群算法和GA遗传算法对SVM支持向量机的算法参数进行了优化,并将优化后的SVM支持向量机算法应用到连铸漏钢预报系统中;利用某钢厂CSP连铸生产线的历史生产数据对各优化后的SVM支持向量机算法进行了训练和测试。测试结果表明,用GA遗传算法优化后的SVM支持向量机算法测试效果较好,得到了98.33%的预报率和100%的报出率,从而验证了基于SVM支持向量机漏钢预报系统的可行性和有效性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.