基于系统参数均匀分布的新型多重调谐质量阻尼器模型

提出了系统参数均匀分布的8种多重调谐质量阻尼器(MTMD)模型,试图寻求不产生近零最优平均阻尼比的MTMD模型．基于结构最大动力放大系数最小值的最小化,研究了8种MTMD模型的最优参数和控制效果．最优参数包括最优频率间隔、最优平均阻尼比和最优调谐频率比．数值研究表明,UM—MTMD1～UM—MTMD3、US—MTMD1、US—MTMD2和UD—MTMD2不存在近零最优平均阻尼比,而且最优UM—MTMD3具有更好的有效性和鲁棒性．比较显示,最优UM-MTMD3和最优MTMD-1的有效性和鲁棒性基本一致．考虑这些优越性能,采用MTMD控制结构的动力响应时,宜选择最优UM—MTMD3和没有近零最优平均阻尼比的MTMD-1．     

轻型墩桥梁结构被动控制研究

针对地震作用下轻型墩墩顶位移控制设计问题，提出采用多重调谐质量阻尼器（MTMD）对其位移进行控制，以降低对轻型墩的延性要求．首先将被控结构简化为单自由度体系，建立结构-MTMD系统力学模型和运动方程，分析MTMD各设计参数对动力放大系数的影响规律．在此基础上，针对某一轻型墩桥梁设计MTMD，进行不同地震波作用下的减震时程分析，并与调谐质量阻尼器（TMD）的振动控制效果进行比较．     

基于质量均匀分布的新型MTMD设计模型

提出了刚度和阻尼保持常量但质量均匀分布的新型MTMD设计模型以控制基底加速度激励下结构的振动，结构用某一受控振型的降阶模型表示.利用数值优化技术，研究了MTMD的最优参数，讨论了它对MTMD有效性和鲁棒性的影响.MTMD参数包括：质量间隔、频率间隔、平均阻尼比、调谐频率比、总质量比和总数.MTMD的优化准则定义为结构最大动力放大系数的最小值的最小化.为进行比较，还考虑了刚度和阻尼保持常量但频率均匀分布的MTMD设计模型.数值分析表明，新型MTMD设计模型不存在近0最优平均阻尼比，而且这种新型MTMD设计模型和频率均匀分布的MTMD设计模型达到近似同样的有效性和鲁棒性.     

地震作用下结构主动调谐质量阻尼器最优控制设计

基于Kanal-Tajimi地震动模型，建立了主动调谐质量阻尼器(ATMD)结构系统的位移和加速度传递函数．定义ATMD最优参数的评价准则为：设置ATMD结构的最大位移和加速度动力放大系数的最小值的最小化．ATMD有效性的评价准则定义为：设置ATMD结构的最大位移和加速度动力放大系数的最小值的最小化与未设置ATMD结构的最大位移和加速度动力放大系数之比．定义ATMD冲程的评价准则为：ATMD的最大位移动力放大系数．基于选择的评价准则，研究了地震卓越频率(EDF)对ATMD在控制结构位移和加速度响应时的最优参数、有效性和冲程的影响．     

地震作用下基于多准则的最优调谐质量阻尼器

利用导出的设置调谐质量阻尼器（TMD）时结构的位移和加速度传递函数的统一模式，建立了结构的位移动力放大系数、位移动力减振系数，加速度动力放大系数和加速度动力减振系统设计公式。TMD的优化准则定义为：最大位移和加速度动力放大系数最小值的最小化与最小位移和加速度动力减振系数的最小化，基于这四个优化准则，研究了TMD在控制结构位移和加速度响应时的最优参数（包括最优调谐频率比和阻尼比），评价了分别基于位移动力放大和减振系统准则，加速度动力放大和减振系数准则设计的TMD最优动力特性，结果表明，位移和加速度动力放大系数准则是更可取的优化设计准则。     

地震下DMTMD对结构刚度和质量参数摄动的鲁棒性

针对地震作用下高层建筑结构振动控制的鲁棒性问题,文章利用ANSYS软件对建筑结构刚度和质量参数摄动的鲁棒性进行研究。将分布式多重调谐质量阻尼器(distributed multiple tuned mass dampers, DMTMD)控制策略的有效性和鲁棒性分别与仅在结构顶层安置阻尼器的单调谐质量阻尼器(single tuned mass damper,STMD)和多重调谐质量阻尼器(multiple tuned mass dampers,MTMD)控制策略进行对比,比较当结构刚度变化+15%和-15%以及质量参数变化+15%和-15%的控制效果。结果表明,分散控制策略在一定范围的刚度变化时可以有效地抑制结构地震反应,控制效果不仅优于传统的集中控制方法,而且提高了高层结构大系统分散控制的鲁棒性。该文方法可应用于大尺度高层结构振动控制中,实现高层建筑结构地震反应的可靠控制。     

不同参数组合的最优多重调谐质量阻尼器

多重调谐质量阻尼器（MTMD）是由许多频率成线性分布的调谐质量阻尼器组成,可能的参数组合形成5种MTMD,即MTMD－1－MTMD－5。基于一般MTMD的传递函数,建立了MTMD－1－MTMD－5位移动力放大系数（DDMF）的统一模式,利用DDMF和数值搜寻技术进行了参数研究,参数包括频率间隔、阻尼比、调谐频率比和总数,研究表明：在工程应用中应优行选择MTMD－1。     

土-结构-调谐液体阻尼器相互作用体系的地震反应

在时域内建立了土 -结构 -调谐液体阻尼器 (TLD)相互作用体系地震反应的运动方程 ,以 12层和 2 4层两种钢结构为例 ,计算了深覆盖土层上钢结构在无控和受控条件下的地震反应 ,通过 5种土层波速和 3条不同输入地震波的多种工况的数值分析和比较 ,讨论了土 -结构相互作用对钢结构TLD减震控制效能的影响及其规律性 .计算结果表明 :一般情况下 ,土 -结构相互作用对结构地震反应的影响要强于TLD的减震影响 ,因此 ,科学而准确地分析土 -结构相互作用体系的地震反应 ,是确定设置TLD的必要性和合理性的首要前提条件 .     

结构杠杆式主动调谐质量阻尼器的新控制策略

基于杠杆式调谐质量阻尼器(LT-TMD)的概念，提出了杠杆式主动调谐质量阻尼器(LT-ATMD)的控制策略．利用导出的LT-ATMD结构系统的动力放大系数解析式，讨论了LT-ATMD的动力特性(包括冲程)．数值结果表明，驱动器设置于质量块处LT-ATMD和ATMD具有近似相等的最优阻尼比、调谐频率比、控制效果和冲程．驱动器设置于质量块处LT-ATMD的冲程略大于LT-TMD的冲程，但能明显地提高LT-TMD的控制效果．与ATMD相比，驱动器设置于质量块处LT-ATMD的关键优点是通过移动支撑的位置可以限制弹簧的静力和动力伸长而保持其性能(包括冲程)不变．     

高层钢结构建筑MTMD风振控制研究

根据我国风荷载规范并利用虚拟激励法和振型降阶法,建立了设置多点细节质量阻尼器MTMD时变层建筑钢结构的动力放大系统R表达式,于是MTMD的优化目标为Min.Min.Max.R.通过最优搜寻可得到MTMD的最优参数及有效性指标,考虑结构基本周期和离地10m高的平均风速的不同取值,评价它们对MTMD最优参数及有效性指标的影响。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the