镁合金及其成形技术的国内外动态与发展

介绍了镁合金开发研究的国内外发展动态；综述了耐热镁合金、耐蚀镁合金、高强高韧镁合金、变形镁合金等高性能镁合金材料的最新发展，镁合金压铸、半固态铸造、挤压铸造、超塑性、冲锻等成形技术的最新开发研究成果。     

Recycling of magnesium drive train components

With the development of new heat resistant magnesium alloys,the automotive industry has introduced several parts to the drive train.The rising number of large magnesium components will result in a higher quantity of automotive post consumer scrap.It was the aim of this work to find a reasonable alloy system for the recycling of these magnesium drive train components.A matrix of potential recycling alloys based on the magnesium alloy AM50 was prepared via permanent mould casting.The materials were investigat...     

Understanding of the influence of process parameters on the heat transfer behavior at the metal/die interface in high pressure die casting process

The current paper focuses on the influence of the process parameters on the peak values of the interfacial heat transfer coefficient(IHTC)at metal/die interface during high pressure die casting(HPDC)process.A"step shape"casting and AM50 alloy were used during the experiment.The IHTC was determined by solving the inverse thermal problem based on the measured temperature inside the die.Results show that the initial die surface temperature(IDST,TDI)has a dominant influence while the casting pressure and fast shot velocity have a secondary influence on the IHTC peak values.By curve fitting,it was found that the IHTC peak value(hmax)changes as a function of the IDST in a manner of hmax=e αTγ DI .Such relationship between the IHTC peak value and the IDST can also be found when the casting alloy is ADC12,indicating that this phenomenon is a common characteristic in the HPDC process.     

Light metal compound casting

Compound castingsimplifies joining processes by directly casting a metallic melt onto a solid metal substrate.A continuously metallurgic transition is very important for industrial applications,such as joint structures of spaceframe constructions in transport industry.In this project,compound castingof light metals is investigated,aiming at weight-saving.The substrate used is a wrought aluminium alloy of type AA5xxx,containing magnesium as main alloying element. The melts are aluminium alloys,containing var...     

What's nu? A re-examination of Maxwell's ‘ratio-of-units’ argument,from the mechanical theory of the electromagnetic field to ‘On the elementary relations between electrical measurements’

This re-examination of the earliest version of Maxwell's most important argument for the electromagnetic theory of light—the equality between the speed of wave propagation in the electromagnetic ether and the ratio of electrostatic to electromagnetic measures of electrical quantity—establishes unforeseen connections between Maxwell's theoretical electrical metrology and his mechanical theory of the electromagnetic field. Electrical metrology was not neutral with respect to field-theoretic versus action-at-a-distance conceptions of electro-magnetic interaction. Mutual accommodation between these conceptions was reached by Maxwell on the British Association for the Advancement of Science (BAAS) Committee on Electrical Standards by exploiting the measurement of the medium parameters—electric inductive capacity and magnetic permeability—on an arbitrary scale. While he always worked within this constraint in developing the ‘ratio-of-units’ argument mathematically, I maintain that Maxwell came to conceive of the ratio ‘as a velocity’ by treating the medium parameters as physical quantities that could be measured absolutely, which was only possible via the correspondences between electrical and mechanical quantities established in the mechanical theory. I thereby correct two closely-related misconceptions of the ratio-of-units argument—the counterintuitive but widespread notion that the ratio is naturally a speed, and the supposition that Maxwell either inferred or proved this from its dimensional formula.     

镁及镁合金的研究现状与进展

文献综述了镁及镁合金的性能特性，镁合金系列，国内外镁合金的研究现状，镁合金表面处理的各种方法以及镁合金在航空航天，汽车工业，电子工业及民用各个领域的广泛应用，展望了镁合金的应用前景。     

利用糠醛废水制备醋酸钙镁融雪剂的工艺及产品性能研究

利用糠醛废水中醋酸含量较高的特点，设计了能够在处理糠醛废水的同时回收利用醋酸，生产环保型融雪剂醋酸钙镁（CMA）的工艺条件。并利用该工艺建立了日产5吨CMA的生产线，对所生产的CMA产品的品质和性能进行了评价。研究结果表明：所设计的工艺路线可以用于实际生产，能够回收利用糠醛废水中的水和醋酸，基本实现零排放。所生产的CMA有效成分含量较高，环境影响很小，融雪能力较好，可用于冬季路面的融雪。     

Studies of spin-labeled spectrin]

Spectrin isolated from human erythrocytes has been spin-labeled with five maleimide nitroxides. The mobility of the labels is strongly dependent on their size, and on the temperature. A thermal transition of spectrin is shown to occur above 30 degrees C. Calcium and magnesium provoke a strong immobilization of the labels. This effect is yet more pronounced when spectrin is allowed to reassociate with the cytoplasmic surface of the membrane.     

Ultraweak photon emission and anther meiotic cycle inLarix europaea (experimental investigation of Nagl and Popp's electromagnetic model of differentiation)

Summary Synchronized microsporocytes and microspores of larch have been introduced as an excellent model system for the examination of the cell cycle dependence of biophoton emission (PE) and delayed luminescence (IPE). In agreement with the predictions of the model of Nagl and Popp for differentiation it could be experimentally confirmed that there exist: 1) sensitive dependence of PE and IPE on the cell cycle, 2) correlations to conformational states of DNA which are linked to DNase activity and 3) a hyperbolic decay of IPE.The electromagnetic model of differentiation predicts oscillations of IPE that should depend on the wavelength of the exciting light and the cell cycle phase. In the established larch model system evidence was obtained for the first time of these oscillations which showed a dependence on both wavelength of the inducing light and the stage of the cell cycle.     

Ultraweak photon emission and anther meiotic cycle in Larix europaea (experimental investigation of Nagl and Popp's electromagnetic model of differentiation)

Synchronized microsporocytes and microspores of larch have been introduced as an excellent model system for the examination of the cell cycle dependence of biophoton emission (PE) and delayed luminescence (IPE). In agreement with the predictions of the model of Nagl and Popp for differentiation it could be experimentally confirmed that there exist: 1) sensitive dependence of PE and IPE on the cell cycle, 2) correlations to conformational states of DNA which are linked to DNase activity and 3) a hyperbolic decay of IPE. The electromagnetic model of differentiation predicts oscillations of IPE that should depend on the wavelength of the exciting light and the cell cycle phase. In the established larch model system evidence was obtained for the first time of these oscillations which showed a dependence on both wavelength of the inducing light and the stage of the cell cycle.     

汽车孔缝对电磁屏蔽效能的影响

汽车正在逐步走向电子化，只有处理好汽车上电子设备的电磁兼容（EMC）问题，才能更好地运用电子设备。本文主要针对汽车上几种规则孔缝的电磁泄漏进行建模、理论分析和仿真分析，得出一个屏蔽效能（SE）较高的模型，从而有效地降低了汽车的电磁辐射和提高了本身的抗电磁干扰能力。并对某一款式的轿车进行了电磁屏蔽设计，使其电磁屏蔽效能提高了8dB。从而验证了本文电磁屏蔽设计方法的有效性。     

Calcium and magnesium deficiency and C3 fraction of complement]

The third (C3) and fourth (C4) components of complement and C3 proactivator (C3PA) were determined in 55 children with low serum levels of calcium and magnesium and 30 normal children. The concentrations of serum C3, C4 and C3PA were significantly reduced in children with double deficiences of calcium and magnesium. There were significant correlations between calcium and C3 and magnesium and C3PA. The relations between calcium, magnesium and the classical or alternate pathway of complement systems are discussed.     

基于磁性微泡对比剂的超声和磁共振影像融合算法

文中提出了一种新的基于磁性微泡对比剂的超声影像和磁共振影像之间的融合算法．首先利用磁性微泡对比剂对体模进行超声和磁共振显影，并对显影进行边缘分割．运用非采样contourlet变换（nonsubsampled contourlet transform．NSCT）对源图像进行分解，然后对低频子带系数采用自适应动态加权非负矩阵分解（dynamic weighted non-negative matrix factorization．DWNMF）结合分割图像进行融合．然后对各带通方向子带系数采用空间频率激励的脉冲耦合神经网络进行融合，最后利用NSCT逆变换得到融合图像．研究结果表明，利用磁性微泡对比剂并结合上述算法对超声影像和磁共振影像进行融合，可以获得预期的融合效果．     

Is electromagnetic field momentum due to the flow of field energy?

Momentum and energy conservation require electromagnetic field momentum and energy to be treated as physically real, even in static fields. This motivates the conjecture that field momentum might be due to the flow of a relativistic mass density (defined as energy density divided by the square of the speed of light).This article investigates the velocity of such a mass flow and finds a conflict between two different definitions of it, both of which originally seem plausible if the flow is to be taken as real. This investigation is careful to respect the transformation rules of special relativity throughout.The paper demonstrates that the consensus definition of the flow velocity of electromagnetic energy is inconsistent with the transformation rules of special relativity, and hence is incorrect. A replacement flow velocity is derived which is completely consistent with those transformation rules.The conclusion is that these conflicting definitions of flow velocity cannot be resolved in a way that is consistent with special relativity and also allows electromagnetic field momentum density to be the result of relativistic mass flow. Though real, field momentum density cannot be explained as the flow of a relativistic mass density.As a byproduct of the study, it is also shown that there is a comoving system in which the electromagnetic energy-momentum tensor is reduced to a simple diagonal form, with two of its diagonal elements equal to the energy density and the other two diagonal elements equal to plus and minus a single parameter derived from the electromagnetic field values, a result that places constraints on possible fluid models of electromagnetism.     

May K+ ions stimulate the formation of cyclic AMP in the brain independently on their depolarizing action?

Summary The effect of potassium ions on the formation of adenosine 3,5-monophosphate (cAMP) in the rat cerebral cortex in vivo was studied under conditions where development of spreading depression had been blocked by pretreatment of the cerebral cortex by topically applied magnesium ions. A linear relationship between potassium concentrations applied to the cortical surface and levels of cAMP has been found. Moreover, potentiation of the K⁺-effect by magnesium ions has been observed.     

The interaction of warfarin with antacid constituents in the gut.

A study was made of the effect of 4 constituents of antacid preparations on the absorption of the coumarin derivate warfarin sodium using an in vitro experimental model. The constituents tested were activated dimethiocone (a silicone) magnesium trisilicate, bismuth carbonate and the adsorbant, kaolin. Slight decreased intestinal absorption was shown by magnesium trisilicate (19%) and bismuth carbonate (7%), the other 2 components showing no effects.     

The interaction of warfarin with antacid constituents in the gut

Summary A study was made of the effect of 4 constituents of antacid preparations on the absorption of the coumarin derivate warfarin sodium using an in vitro experimental model. The constituents tested were activated dimethicone (a silicone) magnesium trisilicate, bismuth carbonate and the adsorbant, kaolin. Slight decreased intestinal absorption was shown by magnesium trisilicate (19%) and bismuth carbonate (7%), the other 2 components showing no effects.     

针对东方人黑色虹膜识别的光谱选择

本文以东方人黑色虹膜作为研究对象,进行两方面研究:1)对于单一光谱照明,找到某一个最适合东方人黑色虹膜的光谱段;2)对于多个光谱照明,确定东方人黑色虹膜所需要的光谱段数量.第一部分研究中,采用改进的卷积矩阵与频谱能量相结合的算法,对虹膜纹理质量进行评估;采用改进2-DGabor与1-DLog-Gabor相结合的编码方法,获得虹膜匹配性能的指标.实验显示:针对单一光谱照明,700nm对于东方人的黑色虹膜是最优的光谱段.第二部分研究中,采用改进multi-group(2D)2PCA算法,基于多光谱虹膜图像的最大不相关性进行层次聚类分析.实验显示:针对多个光谱照明,3个主聚类可以最好地描述从545nm到940nm的所有光谱段.以上研究在该领域内具有开拓性,解决了东方人黑色虹膜多光谱采集与识别的基础问题,为东方人黑色虹膜的多光谱融合提供了理论依据.     

The triangular halophilic archaebacteriumHaloarcula japonica strain TR-1

We have isolated a predominantly triangular disc-shaped halophilic archaebacterium, strain TR-1, from a Japanese saltern soil. The taxonomical characteristics of this strain led us to propose a new speciesHaloarcula japonica. The cell division ofHa. japonica strain TR-1 was analyzed by time lapse microscopic cinematography. Cell plates were laid down asymmetrically, generating triangular or rhombic daughter cells which then separated. We have demonstrated the occurrence of a glycoprotein with an apparent molecular mass of 170 kDa on the cell surface ofHa. japonica. The release of this cell surface glycoprotein (CSG), accompanied by a morphological change (triangular to spherical), was observed after lowering the magnesium concentration in the medium. Thus, it is likely that the CSG plays an important role in maintaining the characteristic shape ofHa. japonica.     

Die anorganischen Bestandteile des Honigtaues vonMegoura viciae Buckt

Summary In the honeydew ofMegoura viciae Buckt., sucking on the sieve tube sap ofVicia faba, the following cations are present in measurable quantities: potassium (13.0–14.1 mg/ml), sodium (0.04–0.051 mg/ml), magnesium (1.8–2.3 mg/ml) and calcium (0.07–0.09 mg/ml). There are only traces of copper, iron, manganese, zinc, cobalt and molybdenum. Amongst the anions, phosphate was found at 1.9–2.5 and chloride at 0.02–0.05 mg/ml, whereas nitrate and sulphate could not be detected.