慢性肺部炎症合并肺炎支原体肺炎小鼠模型的建立

目的肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)是肺炎支原体(MP)引起的以肺间质纤维结缔组织增生为主要病理改变的间质性肺炎。在临床易感于慢性肺部炎症病人,基于此原因本研究使用烟熏并肺炎支原体感染方法建立慢性肺部炎症合并肺炎支原体肺炎实验动物模型。方法本研究采用Realtime PCR、HE和Masson染色方法观察小鼠感染前后肺部肺炎支原体浓度、肺组织病变状况和肺组织胶原纤维生成情况。结果烟熏并感染组小鼠肺炎支原体感染率达到93%,肺泡腔塌陷,肺组织呈片状致密结构,内充斥大量红细胞,胶原纤维增多呈片状蓝染。结论通过实验可知烟熏并感染组小鼠肺内支原体浓度增高、肺组织病变情况严重,胶原纤维生成增多,预示慢性肺部炎症合并肺炎支原体间质性肺炎模型建立成功。     

小儿急性肺炎的中西医治疗方法

肺炎是指包括终末气管道、肺泡腔及肺间质等在内的肺实质性炎症.急性肺炎是小儿时期常见的疾病.重症肺炎是婴幼儿时期主要死亡原因之一.     

C57BL/6小鼠急性放射性肠炎模型的建立

目的 用不同剂量的X射线照射C57BL/6小鼠,以建立急性放射性肠炎小鼠模型,为进一步探索急性放射性肠炎的发生和作用机制奠定基础。方法 取SPF级雄性6-8周龄C57BL/6小鼠23只,随机分为对照组(n=3)和6、12、15和18Gy(n=5)不同剂量照射实验组,观察小鼠15d存活率和体重变化情况。另取60只小鼠,随机分为对照组和6Gy、12Gy、15Gy(n=15)不同剂量照射实验组,分别在第1、3、7d颈椎脱臼处死各5只小鼠,取末端回肠组织做病理切片,进行HE染色、Masson染色,采用RT-qPCR方法检测肠组织中促炎细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α和促纤维化生长因子TGF-β1的mRNA相对表达量变化。结果 辐照后第3d,照射组6Gy、12Gy、15Gy较对照组促炎细胞因子IL-1β、IL6、TNF-α和促纤维化生长因子TGF-β1有显著性变化,15Gy较对照组照射组小鼠回肠绒毛高度降低,隐窝数目减少、深度变浅,隐窝腔变大,肠纤维化更明显,而6Gy及12Gy相应表型不明显。结论 X射线一次性腹部照射,大体观察和病理切片表明15Gy和18Gy照射组具有临床急性放射性肠炎...     

UVB辐射皮肤损伤模型的构建

目的构建UVB辐射小鼠皮肤损伤模型,以便为进一步的药物研究作基础。方法昆明小鼠分为2组进行3天和5天的紫外线梯度照射,采用氯胺-T比色法,观察各组实验动物皮肤中胶原蛋白的表达变化。结果反复UVB照射5天引起胶原蛋白含量减少,与对照组有显著差异。结论5天反复进行UVB照射造模成功。     

桔梗皂苷对慢性支气管炎小鼠气道重塑的干预作用研究

探讨桔梗皂苷(kikyosaponin,简称KS)对慢支小鼠气道重塑的干预作用机制.将50只健康小鼠分成正常对照组,模型组和桔梗皂苷低、中、高剂量组,除正常组外,其余4组动物均采用烟熏加浓氨水吸入法建立慢支模型,然后分别用药物进行治疗.实验结束后,取各组小鼠肺组织进行石蜡制片,苏木精-伊红(HE)染色分析气管管壁厚度变化,Masson染色分析肺组织胶原沉积,采用Image-Pro Plus 6.0图像分析软件测量总管壁厚度(WAt/Pbm)、内壁厚度(WAi/Pbm)、平滑肌厚度(WAm/Pbm)以代表气道重塑指标;生化法检测肺组织中羟脯氨酸(Hyp)含量;免疫组织化学染色法观察MMP-9在肺组织中的表达;蛋白印迹术分析MMP-9和TIMP-1在肺组织中的表达水平.HE染色显示,模型组肺组织中支气管明显狭窄,管腔及肺泡中含有大量炎性分泌物,且气道重塑的三项指标均异常增高;免疫组化和三色法显示,模型组小鼠支气管和肺泡细胞中有大量的MMP-9表达,且有胶原蛋白增加明显,生化检测发现模型组小鼠肺组织中Hyp含量亦异常升高,且MMP-9和TIMP-1表达水平升高显著,与正常对照组相比,差异十分显著(P<0.01).在连续用药30 d后,与模型组相比,桔梗皂苷各剂量组能明显抑制慢支小鼠支气管胶原纤维增生,改善气道重塑各项指标;减少MMP-9和TIMP-1表达水平,使气管重塑得到显著的减轻(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01).结果显示,桔梗皂苷可明显减轻慢支小鼠气道重塑的病理改变,其干预机制可能是通过清除慢支小鼠肺组织中的炎性因子和自由基的含量,同时又能抑制MMP-9和TIMP-1的表达,从而达到减少胶原蛋白的沉积以减轻气管狭窄而达到逆转气道重塑之目的.     

益智油雪花膏对小鼠皮肤光老化的保护作用

讨论了皮肤外用益智油对紫外线（UV）照射引起的小鼠光老化皮肤的影响.实验采用清洁级雌性昆明种小鼠28只,随机分成4组：正常对照组（I组）、模型组（II组）、模型＋外涂5%益智雪花膏组（III组）、模型＋外涂雪花膏组（IV组）,每组7只.模拟日光紫外线长期照射,形成皮肤光老化小鼠模型.用组织切片HE染色,观察皮肤结构改变...     

桔梗皂苷对慢性支气管炎小鼠气道重塑的干预作用研究

探讨桔梗皂苷(kikyosaponin,简称KS)对慢支小鼠气道重塑的干预作用机制.将50只健康小鼠分成正常对照组,模型组和桔梗皂苷低、中、高剂量组,除正常组外,其余4组动物均采用烟熏加浓氨水吸入法建立慢支模型,然后分别用药物进行治疗.实验结束后,取各组小鼠肺组织进行石蜡制片,苏木精-伊红(HE)染色分析气管管壁厚度变化,Masson染色分析肺组织胶原沉积,采用Image-Pro Plus 6.0图像分析软件测量总管壁厚度(WAt/Pbm)、内壁厚度(WAi/Pbm)、平滑肌厚度(WAm/Pbm)以代表气道重塑指标;生化法检测肺组织中羟脯氨酸(Hyp)含量;免疫组织化学染色法观察MMP-9在肺组织中的表达;蛋白印迹术分析MMP-9和TIMP-1在肺组织中的表达水平.HE染色显示,模型组肺组织中支气管明显狭窄,管腔及肺泡中含有大量炎性分泌物,且气道重塑的三项指标均异常增高;免疫组化和三色法显示,模型组小鼠支气管和肺泡细胞中有大量的MMP-9表达,且有胶原蛋白增加明显,生化检测发现模型组小鼠肺组织中Hyp含量亦异常升高,且MMP-9和TIMP-1表达水平升高显著,与正常对照组相比,差异十分显著(P0.01).在连续用药30 d后,与模型组相比,桔梗皂苷各剂量组能明显抑制慢支小鼠支气管胶原纤维增生,改善气道重塑各项指标;减少MMP-9和TIMP-1表达水平,使气管重塑得到显著的减轻(P0.05,P0.01,P0.01).结果显示,桔梗皂苷可明显减轻慢支小鼠气道重塑的病理改变,其干预机制可能是通过清除慢支小鼠肺组织中的炎性因子和自由基的含量,同时又能抑制MMP-9和TIMP-1的表达,从而达到减少胶原蛋白的沉积以减轻气管狭窄而达到逆转气道重塑之目的.     

60Coγ射线照射促进小鼠骨髓脂肪化研究

目的:通过观察60Coγ射线照射对小鼠骨髓脂肪化的影响,建立骨髓脂肪化实验动物模型.方法:将8周龄SPF级雌性Babl/c纯系小鼠随机分为对照组和实验组,实验组小鼠初期即接受6.0 Gy 60Coγ射线全身照射处理,对照组小鼠在初期不进行照射处理.在首次60Coγ射线辐射处理后不同时间点做骨髓切片、观察比较两组小鼠骨髓病理形态的改变,应用PAS-8000病理图象分析系统分别测定各组髓腔内脂肪细胞面积.为了排除生命过程中时间的影响,在实验组小鼠首次照射处理后第48天,对照组和实验组剩余小鼠均同时接受6.0 Gy 60Coγ射线全身辐射,6天后做骨髓切片、并观察检测.结果:6.0 Gy 60Coγ射线照射后第6天可在小鼠骨髓组织中检测到明显脂肪组织,随着时间延长,脂肪组织越来越多,第24天达最高水平,但第48天脂肪组织则显著减少;而对照组骨髓组织从第6天到第48天均脂肪组织少见,6.0 Gy 60Coγ射线全身照射后第6天才检测到明显脂肪组织. 结论:60Coγ射线照射可使小鼠骨髓发生脂肪化.     

SMADs介导的TGF—β信号转导通路及其在放射性肺损伤中的作用

放射性肺炎-纤维化是人体受到大剂量或累积剂量放射源照射后所致的肺损伤,是临床肺纤维化疾病的一种特殊类型,是放射性核事故、临床放射治疗、骨髓移植前照射预处理、术后放疗预防肿瘤复发等所致的常见并发症,能引起肺组织的严重损伤;晚期由于大量肺实质被胶原纤维所取代,可发生呼吸功能障碍甚至死亡。因而研究放射性肺炎-纤维化的分子机理,对于防治这一并发症具有重要理论和实际的意义。本文对SMADs介导的TGF-β信号转导通路及其在放射性肺损伤中的作用进行综述。1 SMAD分子     

光照对棕色田鼠和昆明小鼠眼胚后发育的影响

研究棕色田鼠和昆明小鼠在不同光照处理条件下视网膜各层厚度及细胞密度,进而对其视觉系统发育特征进行比较.结果表明在黑暗条件下,昆明小鼠视网膜的总厚度趋于变薄,棕色田鼠则相反;在有光情况下,棕色田鼠视网膜总厚度趋于变薄,昆明小鼠则相反;不同的光照处理条件下,两种鼠视网膜的外核层和内核层的核层均逐渐由厚变薄.研究结果提示,在视觉系统发育过程中,地上鼠和地下鼠的视网膜可对不同的光照条件产生适应性的结构变化,反映了二者进化史的差异.     

Synthesis and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.8Al0.2−xTixO2 cathode materials by an ultrasonic-assisted co-precipitation method

A new co-precipitation route was proposed to synthesize LiNi_0.8Al_0.2−xTi_xO₂ (x=0.0-0.20) cathode materials for lithium ion batteries, with Ni(NO₃)₂, Al(NO₃)₃, LiOH·H₂O, and TiO₂ as the starting materials. Ultrasonic vibration was used during preparing the precursors, and the precursors were protected by absolute ethanol before calcination in the air. The influences of doped-Ti content, calcination temperature and time, additional Li content, and ultrasonic vibration on the structure and properties of LiNi_0.8Al_0.2−xTi_xO₂ were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and charge-discharge tests, respectively. The results show that the optimal molar fraction of Ti, calcination temperature and time, and additional molar fraction of Li for LiNi_0.8Al_0.2−xTi_xO₂ cathode materials are 0.1, 700°C, 20 h, and 0.05, respectively. Ti doping facilitates the formation of the α-NaFeO₂ layered structure, and ultrasonic vibration improves the electrochemical performance of LiNi_0.8Al_0.2−xTi_xO₂.     

齐次Morrey-Herz空间上粗糙核分数次积分交换子及多线性算子的CBMO估计

利用齐次Morrey-Herz空间MK^α,λ_p,q(Rⁿ)与齐次Herz空间K^α,p_q(Rⁿ)之间的关系, 推广了K^α,p_q(Rⁿ)上的一些结果, 在 MK^α,λ_p,q(Rⁿ)上建立了具有粗糙核的分数次积分交换子T^b_Ω,l及多线性分数次积分算子T^A_Ω,l的中心有界平均振荡函数空间(CBMO)估计, 并得到了分数次极大交换子M^b_Ω,l和多线性分数次极大算子M^A_Ω,l的相应结果.     

氧化吸收法同步脱除燃烧烟气中SO2，NOx和CO2的化学热力学及其评价

湿化学法同步脱除烟气中气态污染物是燃烧源大气污染控制的重要方法之一,为探究采用不同氧化吸收策略同时脱除燃烧烟气中SO_2,NO_x和CO_2的可行性,基于化学热力学原理,分析了9种联合氧化吸收策略的性能,具体的氧化吸收策略包括:H_2O_2-NH_3·H_2O,H_2O_2-MDEA,H_2O_2-NaOH,O3-NH_3·H_2O,O3-MDEA,O3-NaOH,NaClO_2-NH_3·H_2O,NaClO_2-MDEA和NaClO_2-NaOH,并提出新的动态加权法对其性能进行综合评价。结果表明:上述所有策略均具有SO_2,NO_x和CO_2捕获的可行性。O3-NaOH,NaClO_2-MDEA和NaOH做吸收剂的氧化吸收溶液分别对单一脱硫、脱硝和脱碳效果最好。当综合考虑同步脱除SO_2,NO_x和CO_2时,NaClO_2-MDEA优于其他策略,其结果可为燃烧烟气中的气体污染物的联合脱除提供参考。     

Plasma structures inside boundary layers of magnetic clouds

Magnetic cloud is an important interplanetary dis-turbance structure generated by the coronal mass ejections(CMEs), it has been widely investigated[1—5] since it wassuggested by Burlaga et al[1]. However, the boundary ofthe magnetic cloud has no objective definition yet. Manyobservational signatures have been used to identify thecloud boundary[6—13], as Burlaga[14] indicated, there is noconsistency among these various approaches. The problemof the BLs was not been solved because of its co…     

Zr~(4+)/F~– co-doped TiO_2(anatase) as high performance anode material for lithium-ion battery

Zr~(4+) and F~– co-doped TiO_2 with the formula of Ti_(0.97)Zr_(0.03)O_(1.98)F_(0.02) was facilely synthesized by a sol-gel template route.The crystal structure,morphology,composition,surface area,and conductivity were characterized by Raman spectroscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray analysis,scanning electron microscopy,Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurements,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.The results demonstrate that Zr~(4+)and F~–homogeneously incorporated into TiO_2,forming solid solution with an anatase structure.Ti_(0.97)Zr_(0.03)O_(1.98)F_(0.02)shows outstanding electrochemical properties as Li-ion battery anode in comparison with Ti_(0.97)Zr_(0.03)O_2.In particular,upon 35-fold cycling at 1C-rate Zr~(4+)/F~–co-doped TiO_2delivers a reversible capacity of 163 mAh g~(–1),whereas Zr~(4+)-doped TiO_2gives only 34 mA h g~(–1).Additionally,Zr~(4+)/F~–co-doped TiO_2retains a capacity of 138 mA h g~(–1)during cycling even at 10 C.The enhance performance originates from improved conductivity of Zr~(4+)/F~–co-doped TiO_2material through generation of Ti~(3+)(serving as electron donors)into the crystal lattice and,possibly,due to F-doping blocked the anode surface from attack of HF formed as electrolyte decomposition product.     

Integral Points on a Class of Elliptic Curve

0 IntroductionZasegairerc[h1]fodre sbcirgibientde gsreavle rpaolin tmse tohnocdsert waihnicehlli ppetircm citur ovnese btyogiving the upper bound of solution. Unfortunately,this upperbound was verylarge andsometi mes beyondthe range of com-puter searching.For a particular elliptic curvey2=x3-30x+133(1)he mentioned he can find all integral points and the largestpoint is (x,y) =(5 143 326 ,±11 664 498 677) by using Mas-ser and W櫣stholz bounds on elliptic logarithms .Although recent results on…     

纳米Al2O3颗粒对Cu-Al2O3性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米Al₂O₃颗粒,通过粉末冶金法制备氧化铝铜（Cu-Al₂O₃）。采用X射线光电子能谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、洛氏硬度仪和涡流计分别测试了Cu-Al₂O₃的结合能、微观组织、硬度和导电率。结果表明：随Al₂O₃颗粒含量的增加,Cu-Al₂O₃的硬度先升高后降低,当Al₂O₃颗粒的质量分数达到0.084%时,Cu-Al₂O₃的硬度达到最大值75.73（HRB）。Cu-Al₂O₃的导电率随着Al₂O₃颗粒含量的增加逐渐下降。Al₂O₃颗粒的质量分数为0.084%时为最佳值,Cu-Al₂O₃的硬度达到最大值,导电率达到69.1% IACS。     

Site-directed mutagenesis reveals new and essential elements for iron-coordination of the sulfur oxygenase reductase from the acidothermophilic Acidianus tengchongensis

Previous study on refolding of sulfur oxygenase reductase (SOR) inclusion bodies from recombinant Escherichia coli showed that iron was critical to the activity of the SOR from Acidianus ambivalens. In this study, enzymatic assays showed that 2,2′-Dipyridyl, Tiron and 8-hydroxyquinoline, which are specific for chelating ferrous or ferric ions, strongly inhibited the activity of SOR from A. tengchongensis, suggesting that iron atom is essential for SOR activity. Alignment of several functionally identified SORs and SOR-like sequences from genome database revealed a conserved, putative iron binding motif, H⁸⁶-X₃-H⁹⁰-X _n -E¹¹⁴-X _n -E¹²⁹ (numbering according to the Acidianus tengchongensis SOR sequence). Three mutants of SOR were generated by site-directed mutagenesis of H₈₆, H₉₀ and E₁₂₉ into phenylalanine or alanine residue in this study. Circular dichroism spectrum determination indicated that there was no change of the secondary structures of mutant SORs, H⁸⁶F, H⁹⁰F and E¹²⁹A, but all mutants were completely inactive. Through determination of iron contents we found that SOR mutants of H⁸⁶F, H⁹⁰F and E¹²⁹A completely or partially lost iron, while mutants of C³¹S, C¹⁰¹S, and C¹⁰⁴S (generated in a previous study) did not. This result indicated that H⁸⁶, H⁹⁰ and E¹²⁹ but not C³¹, C¹⁰¹, and C¹⁰⁴ were involved in binding to iron atom. Based on this and previous studies, it is proposed that the conserved motifs, C³¹-X _n -C¹⁰¹-X₂-C¹⁰⁴ and H⁸⁶-X₃-H⁹⁰-X₂₃-E¹¹⁴-X₁₄-(E/D)¹²⁹, are respectively for sulfur and molecular oxygen binding and activation. These two conserved motifs are essential elements for the SOR activity. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 30670018, 30621005) and State Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2004CB719602)     

Fe_2O_3/TiO_2复合纳米管阵列的制备及其可见光催化性能研究

在氟化铵-乙二醇体系中,采用阳极氧化法在铁基体上制备Fe_2O_3纳米管阵列,然后以氟钛酸铵为钛源,利用水热法在Fe_2O_3纳米管阵列上负载TiO_2纳米片,制得Fe_2O_3/TiO_2复合纳米管阵列,利用SEM、EDS、XRD、TEM、UV-Vis等手段,对所制Fe_2O_3/TiO_2纳米管阵列的表面形貌、物相结构及光催化性能进行表征,并分析Fe_2O_3/TiO_2纳米结构对亚甲基蓝的可见光降解能力。结果表明,Fe_2O_3/TiO_2复合纳米管阵列具有良好的可见光响应;NH_4F浓度为0.4%、水热反应3h制备的Fe_2O_3/TiO_2复合结构具有最佳的光催化性能,对亚甲基蓝的降解率可达90%。     

Synthesis, conductivity and photosensitivity of 2-D conjugated polymers of metalporphyrazine with sulfur bridges

The title polymers PMS₈Pz, M=Mn^II, Fe^II, Co^II, Ni^II, Cu^II, Zn^II, were synthesized by reaction of 2, 3, 5, 6-tetracyano-1, 4-dithiin with corresponding metal salts, respectively. The structure and properties of these polymers were characterized by elemental analysis, transmission electron microscope, DTA, IR, UV-Vis, fluorescence and EPR spectra. It has been found that these conjugated polymers have the property of intrinsic semiconductor. The conductivity σ_298K of these polymers is in the range of 10⁻⁹≈10⁻³ S·cm⁻¹ under pressure 10.63 MPa and incrementals in the metal order Mn<Co<Fe<Zn<Cu<Ni. The photosensitivity of the MS₈Pz to the CdS-PVA films is incrementals in the metal order Zn<Mn<Co<Fe<Cu<Ni. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and by the Approach Fund of State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry in Nanjing University Peng Zhenghe: born in Apr. 22, 1945, Professor