磺酰胺类萃取剂对锌、镉的萃取性能

磺酰胺类萃取剂对锌、镉的萃取性能杨勇，陈秉倪，陈龙梅，余旭峰研究了２－（十二烷基苯磺酰胺）噻唑和２－（十二烷基苯磺酰胺）苯并噻唑萃取锌、镉的行为．研究表明，这两种革取剂在一定的条件下，能有效地革取锌（Ⅱ）和镉（Ⅱ），并采用斜率法探讨了它们对锌（Ⅱ）和...     

新型磺酰胺萃取剂对镍离子的萃取性能

合成了一种新型萃取剂，2－十二烷基苯磺酰胺喹啉（萃取剂I），研究了它和2－十二烷基苯磺酰胺噻唑（萃取剂Ⅱ）的萃取性能，研究表明，这两种萃取剂在一定的条件下，能有效地萃取NI^2 离子，同时采用斜率法探讨了它们对Ni^2 离子的萃取机理。     

P507萃取锌,镉的机理

本文采用２－乙基已基膦酸单（２－乙基已基）酯（简称Ｐ５０７）的磺化煤油溶液从硫酸体系中萃取锌、镉。应用斜率法确定其萃合物组成，井测定出表现萃取平衡常数。通过萃合物及Ｐ５０７的红外光谱确证其萃取机理为酸性络合萃取。     

二（2，4，4－三甲基戊基）膦酸萃取锌

研究了二（２，４，４－三甲基戊基）膦酸（ＣＹＡＮＥＸ２７２，ＨＡ）从硫酸介质中萃取锌（Ⅱ）的热力学，考察了磷酸三丁酯（ＴＢＰ）对萃取的影响。结果表明，ＣＹＡＮＥＸ２７２与锌形成ＺｎＡ２，ＺｎＡ２·ＨＡ和ＺｎＡ２·２ＨＡ三种配合物，相应萃取热焓△Ｈ°分别为－７５．５３、－５２．７１和－２９．８７ｋＪ．ｍｏｌ－１，依次相差约一个氢键的能量与反应中断裂氢键数目有关。ＴＢＰ与ＣＹＡＮＥＸ２７２萃取锌时生成协同配合物ＺｎＡ２·２ＨＡ·ＴＢＰ，系由分子缔合物２ＨＡ·ＴＢＰ与Ｚｎ（Ⅱ）直接配位产生，协同萃取反应平衡常数１５．８。同时还计算得到ＺＨＡ·ＴＢＰ的生成常数３１．７（３０３Ｋ）。     

关于用HDEHP从硫酸体系中液一液萃取分离镍和锌铁的研究

利用ＨＤＥＨＰ从硫醚体系中液一液革取分离镍和锌铁，研究了ＨＤＥＨＰ对Ｆｅ￣（３＋）Ｚｎ￣（２＋）、Ｎｉ￣（２＋）、Ｃｕ￣（２＋）的萃取行为，反萃取条件及三级连续萃取。结果表明：萃取除铁锌符合硫醚镍溶夜净化的要求外，镍的直收率达９８％以上，无废渣     

PT-28在硝酸体系中萃取三价镧系元素的研究

系统研究了２－乙基已氧基甲基膦酸二（２－乙基己基）酯（代号ＰＴ－２８）在硝酸介质中萃取三价镧系元素的行为，讨论了萃取剂浓度的变化、硝酸钠的浓度及温度变化对萃取率的影响，并对ＰＴ－２８萃取ＨＮＯ３的机理进行了探讨。     

N_（503）从H_（2）SO_（4）－Cl~－、Br~－、I~－体系中萃取铋

Ｎ＿（５０３）是国产的酰胺类萃取剂．它在有色和稀有金属萃取分离上得到了日益广泛的应用￣［１～３］．本文研究Ｎ＿（５０３）从Ｈ＿２ＳＯ＿４－ＮａＣｌ、Ｈ＿２ＳＯ＿４－ＮａＢｒ、Ｈ＿２ＳＯ＿４－ＫＩ三个体系中萃取铋的规律，探索萃取能力与水相络阴离子ＢｉＣｌ￣－＿４、ＢｉＢｒ￣－＿４和ＢｉＩ￣－＿４稳定性的关系．研究了水相酸度和Ｃｌ￣－、Ｂｒ￣－、Ｉ￣－浓度对Ｎ＿（５０３）萃取铋的影响，取得了较好的结果，不仅对有色和稀有金属的萃取分离有重要的实际意义，而且对萃取化学理论也有一定的价值．     

AEHPA从稀硫酸溶液中萃取铁的研究

该文研究了烷左膦酸单－２－乙基己酯从稀硫酸溶液中萃取铁伯机理和萃取平衡时间，并通过紫外可见光谱和红外光谱分析，推断了萃合物可能的分子结构，研究表明，萃取机理与溶液中铁离子的存在形式有关，Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ｆｅ（ＳＯ４）２＾－和Ｆｅ２（ＯＨ）４＾２＋皆可参与萃取。当ｐＨ值小于１．５，铁离子浓度不大于０．０１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，主要为Ｆｅ＾３＋，Ｆｅ（ＳＯ４）２＾－参与的２种萃取机理，萃取平衡时间分别约为１０ｍｉ     

稀释剂对HEHEHP萃取锌（Ⅱ）的影响

研究了不同稀释剂中，２－乙基己基膦酸单（２－乙基己基）酯从硝酸介质中对Ｚｎ（Ⅱ）的萃取，其萃取能力在不同稀释剂中按正己烷〉四氢化碳〉苯〉氯仿的顺序变化。萃取平衡常数与稀释剂的极性参数ＤＰ、Ｓ间呈线性关系。     

二(十二烷基苯磺酰胺喹啉)合铜(Ⅱ)的制备及表征

用自行制备的磺酰氯与8-氨基喹啉反应，得到十二烷基苯磺酰胺喹啉，并制得了二（十二烷基苯磺酰胺喹啉）合铜（Ⅱ）配合物。配合物用红外、^1H NMR和元素分析进行表征。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the