川西扎瓦拉花岗岩锆石U-Pb年代学与地球化学特征及其地质意义

扎瓦拉岩体是川西藏东地区江达花岗岩带冬普-罗麦亚带花岗岩的重要组成部分,岩性组合为:石英二长岩→花岗闪长岩→二长花岗岩.研究表明:扎瓦拉岩体的石英二长岩和钾长花岗岩的LA-MCICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为(225.4±1.1)Ma和(218.0±1.1)Ma,时代属晚三叠世卡尼期,该岩石具有高硅、钛、钙,贫铝、镁、钠,相对富钾贫钠、准铝质等特征,为富钾钙碱性系列花岗岩.岩石的稀土总量偏高,轻稀土明显富集,弱负Eu异常;富集Rb、Ba、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素,表现出火山弧花岗岩的地球化学特征.扎瓦拉岩体形成于造山期板块俯冲碰撞型火山弧环境,岩浆可能源于岛弧不成熟陆壳的部分熔融,并混有部分幔源组分,属于早晚三叠世,金沙江洋壳向西俯冲,发生弧-陆碰撞造山作用的产物.     

内蒙古科尔沁右翼中旗孟恩陶勒盖岩体年代学研究

对内蒙古科尔沁右翼中旗地区孟恩陶勒盖岩体进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年代学研究.结果表明,孟恩陶勒盖岩体形成年龄为(224±1)Ma,表明该岩体是在中三叠世侵位的.结合区域地质资料和前人相关研究,推测该区中三叠世花岗岩可能是古亚洲洋闭合碰撞时岩石圈挤压机制下的产物,该结果为华北板块与西伯利亚板块碰撞时限提供了新的年代学资料.     

甘肃省北祁连地区北大坂岩体锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

北大坂花岗岩体位于北祁连中东段,为了精确测定岩体形成年代,对岩体中的浅灰黑色中粗粒英云闪长岩锆石进行了阴极发光(CL)成像观察,并利用LA-MC-ICP-MS对锆石进行微区U-Pb同位素测年。锆石的加权平均年龄为(447. 2±2. 4) Ma,表明其属于晚奥陶世岩浆活动产物。岩石地球化学数据分析表明,浅灰黑色中粗粒英云闪长岩为准铝质-弱过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗岩,富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾型,轻、重稀土元素分馏较为明显,显示出了I型花岗岩的特征。样品在构造判别图上均落入后碰撞花岗岩区域,结合区域上其它花岗岩体形成的构造环境研究,反映了北大坂岩体形成于北祁连洋壳的北向俯冲作用导致的北祁连岛弧与阿拉善地块碰撞期结束后的构造环境,暗示着北祁连洋在奥陶世晚期已经闭合。     

甘肃龙首山牛角沟地区中粗粒石英二长花岗岩年代学与元素地球化学特征及其地质意义

通过对龙首山牛角沟地区芨岭花岗岩体中的灰白色中粗粒石英二长花岗岩中的锆石进行了U-Pb同位素测年,测得的加权平均年龄为(447.0±5.2) Ma,形成时代为晚奥陶世。灰白色中粗粒石英二长花岗岩主量、稀土及微量元素含量分析表明,其具有低硅、富铝、富钾的地球化学特征,为准铝-弱过铝质、高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩。结合区域其他岩体形成的构造环境研究,反映该岩体形成于北祁连洋壳的北向俯冲作用导致的北祁连岛弧与阿拉善地块碰撞期结束后的构造环境。芨岭岩体的中粗粒石英二长花岗岩I型花岗岩为后期碱交代型铀矿提供了铀源和赋矿空间。     

龙门山造山带轿子顶新元古代花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其构造意义

目的 对扬子地块西北缘后龙门山地区轿子顶穹窿构造核部的花岗岩类进行年代学研究.方法 利用锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年代学对其形成时代进行约束.结果 轿子顶花岗岩体中变形花岗岩和块状花岗岩中锆石均发育岩浆韵律环带结构,具有较高的Th/U比值(0.52～1.23、O.32～1.16),为岩浆成因锆石.对变形花岗岩和块状花岗岩中岩浆锆石的SHRIMP U-Pb定年结果分别为793±11Ma和792±11Ma,表明它们的形成时代完全一致,均为新元古代晚期南华纪早期.结论 轿子项岩体具有后碰撞岩浆活动特征,是新元古代扬子地块西北缘活动大陆边缘俯冲以及弧陆碰撞造山作用导致的地壳增厚下地壳部分熔融的产物,形成于同碰撞(挤压环境)向碰撞后(伸展环境)转化阶段,即后造山期,是Rodinia 超大陆初始裂解阶段产物.     

西秦岭中生代花岗岩锆石U-Pb-Lu-Hf同位素特征及地质意义

对西秦岭地区中川岩体、柏家庄岩体和教场坝花岗岩体进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年代学分析, 获得其岩浆侵位年龄分别为220±1, 216±6和222±3 Ma, 表明3个岩体均形成于中?晚三叠世。样品的全岩地球化学分析结果表明, 3个岩体具有相似的稀土及微量元素特征, 均表现为显著亏损高场强元素Nb, Ti和P等, 具有明显的右倾式球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式。锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析结果表明, 3个岩体锆石测年样品的ε_Hf(t)值介于?3.31~+1.68之间, 二阶段模式年龄介于1151~1456 Ma之间。岩石成因分析表明, 这些印支期花岗岩体的母岩浆主要来源于新元古代地壳物质的部分熔融。结合岩体形成时代、岩石成因和区域岩浆作用, 认为这些岩体形成于南秦岭与华南板块沿勉略缝合带相碰撞的造山动力学背景, 可能与华南板块的俯冲板片断离有关。     

早泥盆世古亚洲洋构造作用:来自可可托海和额济纳旗花岗岩年代学研究

古亚洲构造域内发育有大量的古生代酸性侵入岩。对阿尔泰造山带可可托海近3号脉的酸性侵入岩体进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年分析,以确定其岩浆作用时代及其岩浆活动的构造意义。研究区内的花岗岩包含的锆石大部分为自形-半自形晶,显示为典型的岩浆成因;测年结果发现,该岩体形成于404.4±3.2 Ma,为早泥盆世岩浆活动的产物。通过对额济纳辉森乌拉西糜棱岩化二长花岗岩中白云母⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar同位素年代学分析,获得白云母的坪年龄和等时线年龄分别为407.69±3.09 Ma和407.65±3.99 Ma,这暗示了拐子湖-呼和音乌苏弧形挤压带在早泥盆世活动的冷却年龄。以上事件与早泥盆世古亚洲洋的俯冲、碰撞的构造环境关系密切。     

江西九岭地区新元古代花岗岩地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义

为进一步分析总结江西九岭地区广泛分布的花岗岩成因及形成构造背景,通过对九岭岩体的岩石地球化学和LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明,九岭岩体具过铝,富钾、铁,贫钠,Eu负异常,低Ba-Sr,高钾钙碱性系列等岩石地球化学特征,源区主要为地壳,并有少量地幔物质的加入;年龄为(808±2.2) Ma、(814±6) Ma、(817±7) Ma、(833±3.8) Ma,为新元古代花岗岩;通过与江南造山带区域年龄数据对比,认为九岭地区新元古代花岗岩可能形成于碰撞造山晚期的构造伸展阶段。     

阿拉善北部恩格尔乌苏蛇绿混杂岩的形成机制

恩格尔乌苏蛇绿混杂岩是化北板块与塔里木板块缝合的标志，研究结果表明蛇绿岩可分为上俯冲带型（ＳＳＺ））和洋脊型（ＭＯＲＢ）两类，混杂岩中部分砂岩源自塔里木被动大陆边缘，部分源自与ＳＳＺ相关的构造环境和南侧的沙拉扎山火山弧，蛇绿岩形成侵位经历了三个阶段，在古壳俯冲作用之前，“弧”前拉张作用形成了ＭＯＲＢ型蛇绿岩，古洋壳向南俯冲的早期阶段形成了ＳＳＺ型蛇绿岩和在洋壳冲闭合期间，蛇绿岩发生拆离并向北仰冲侵     

西藏泽当矿田帕南钼矿床二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄及意义

西藏马门一带帕南岩体主要由二长花岗岩、二长岩组成。在前人研究基础上,本文通过锆石U-Pb年代学的研究,探讨其成岩时代及与成矿时代之间的关系。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年表明:帕南岩体的成岩年龄为80.91±0.48Ma,形成时代为晚白垩世。资料研究显示,帕南岩体形成晚白垩世新特提斯洋俯冲角度的变缓而进入了平板俯冲的阶段,是新特提斯洋向北俯冲的上地壳熔融的产物;帕南钼矿床钻孔中的辉钼矿Re-Os同位素模式年龄为31.66±0.22Ma,等时线年龄为32.4±1.5Ma,形成于渐新世,与成矿作用密切相关的是渐新世二长花岗斑岩。本次研究表明帕南岩体可能为一个多期次岩浆活动的复式岩体,地表为晚白垩世岩浆活动,底部有渐新世岩浆活动,渐新世岩浆活动为帕南钼矿床的形成提供了必要条件,符合泽当矿田的成矿规律。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the