过轨桥式起重机的四连杆传动锁紧装置

现有的过轨桥式起重机锁定装置普遍采用电动液压推杆形式,该型式锁紧装置不但体积较大,而且控制系统复杂,定位精度低,为此研究设计了一种采用电机驱动四连杆传动的过轨锁紧装置.根据四连杆机构运动几何关系,在建立运动学方程的基础上,运用MATLAB软件求解非线性方程组,得到从动杆的位移、速度等参数变化情况,实现过轨锁紧过程平稳无冲击.     

悬挂式双轨旋转台过轨仓储系统的设计和应用

框架结构交叉点中的旋转台、封闭式钢结构框架及悬挂小车组三者共同组成悬挂式双轨旋转台过轨仓储系统。旋转台上部连接封闭式钢结构框架,旋转台下部轨道对齐于框架轨道。而且电动旋转台能够进行90°的左右旋转,确保下部双轨能够有效对接钢结构框架中的规定轨道,以实现通路效果。手推小车一组有4个,在两侧轨道中悬挂,通过平衡梁与悬杆将4个手推小车连接起来,将其存放在该仓储系统中。本文主要对悬挂式双轨旋转台过轨仓储系统的设计和应用进行分析与探讨。     

龙门起重机小车啃轨原因分析

在起重机的日常维护中发现多例龙门起重机小车啃轨问题.通过分析啃轨原因,在起重机的设计、制造、安装、维修等方面加强质量监督和安全检查,减少或避免啃轨的发生,确保起重机的安全运行.     

北斗三号GEO卫星的RDSS定轨精度分析

有源服务模式RDSS(Radio Determination Satellite Service)所具备的通信、导航一体化特性是我国北斗卫星导航系统的重要特色之一.为进一步提高RDSS的通信服务能力,并保障RDSS服务系统的健壮性,北斗三号RDSS服务从系统架构到信号体制都进行了很大改进.本文首先分析了新的信号体制下,RDSS测距在测量模型和观测噪声等方面的误差特性,并比较了其与原有信号体制的不同.为了避免在RNSS(Radio Navigation Satellite Service)载荷故障时RDSS不能正常提供导航服务的情况发生,RDSS系统需要能够仅利用RDSS测距完成GEO测轨,以此作为原有RNSS测轨的备份保障.文章进一步分析了这种情况下,仅利用RDSS测距进行GEO定轨的精度.通过实测数据分析,我们发现其精度可优于10 m,利用该轨道信息的定位、定时精度可以满足服务指标要求.     

岸边桥式起重机大小车车轮啃轨问题研究

桥门式起重机啃轨问题一直是企业比较重视的,一旦出现啃轨问题,必须认真分析原因,并采取积极应对措施尽快消除啃轨现象,保证起重机良好的运行状况。该文对工作实践中桥门式起重机啃轨问题的判断、啃轨的危害性进行了总结,并分析了啃轨现象发生的原因,提出了相应的修复方法。桥门式起重机是有轨运行的机器,一般在理想状态下,机器所有车轮应做纯滚动运动。其轮缘与轨道不应接触,这样才能确保所有导行轮为摩擦导行,此时起重机的车轮与轨道的磨损最小,没有附加运行阻力。但是在实际操作应用中,并不能完全保证在理想状态下运行,常常会出现啃轨现象。引起啃轨的原因是多样而复杂的,该文将从以下几方面进行论述。     

基于高/低轨监视平台的GEO卫星定轨精度比较

针对传统地基监视系统对地球同步轨道(GEO)卫星静地测量模式不利于获取其态势信息,而空间目标监视平台利用其快速轨道运动、增强观测几何强度和GEO卫星动力学模型的约束作用,有利于对GEO卫星环带的跟踪、监视和编目处理这一问题,分析了高、低轨平台与其观测模式,采用了数值微分法计算变分方程系数阵的定轨算法,统计了光学观测误差对定轨结果的影响.仿真计算表明,高、低轨平台对GEO卫星的定轨精度均在公里级,低轨平台对GEO卫星的定轨精度好于高轨监视平台,观测系统误差是定轨误差的主要来源.     

基于国家测绘局GPS连续运行参考站的定轨

为了解决采用地面GPS连续运行参考站进行高精度定轨问题,采用轨道积分方法,利用国家测绘局8个GPS连续运行参考站和9个中国周边IGS连续运行参考站,设计了多种天数的区域性定轨计算方案,研究了轨道确定的理论、步骤和参数设置规律.结果表明:3天轨道解的平均精度为0.19 m,5天轨道解的平均精度为O.21 m,7天轨道解的平均精度为O.28 m,3天解平均定轨精度最高,优于0.2 m,证明了并非随着地面数据天数的增加而精度随之增加,可以用最少的数据量获得最优的定轨结果.定轨试验计算的是区域性轨道,与全球轨道相比,存在一定的偏差.该成果对我国定轨研究特别是未来的广域增强系统轨道预测具有一定的指导意义和参考价值.     

高精度轨对轨CMOS峰值检测电路设计

介绍了一种高精度轨对轨CMOS峰值检测电路设计。基于信号“先缩小后放大”,在MOS采样开关管控制下电源对存储电容充电,该电路实现了轨对轨峰值检测,降低了检测电路的工作电流,提高了MOS开关管的速度和峰值检测的精度。该电路设计基于CSMC 0.5 um CMOS工艺,采用了5 V单电源,检测精度小于1 mV ,检测电压范围为0～Vdd ,整个检测电路的静态电流消耗为2 mA,正常工作频率为0.1 HZ～10 KHz。     

浅谈起重机车轮啃轨咬道现象及消除

本文针对通用起重机行走及工作期间出现啃轨咬道现象,进行判断、确定原因,采取相应措施,使其简单、快捷恢复正常工作。要求对起重机轨道架设,起重机车轮及部件的装配符合技术要求,使其专业人员少走弯路,提供参考。     

一种3.3 V/0.6μm轨对轨CMOS运算放大器的设计

基于0.6μm CMOS工艺,设计了一种轨对轨运算放大器.讨论了该运算放大器的原理、性能及设计方法,并进行了模拟仿真.此运算放大器采用了3.3V单电源供电,其输入共模范围和输出信号摆幅接近于地和电源电压,即所谓输入和输出电压范围轨对轨.其运放的小信号增益为77dB,单位增益带宽为4.32MHz,相位裕度为79度.由于电路简单,工作稳定,输入输出线性动态范围宽,非常适合于SOC芯片内集成.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the